The Experts below are selected from a list of 258 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Dange Huang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
effects of load sector demand side management applications in Generating Capacity adequacy assessment
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2012Co-Authors: Dange Huang, R. BillintonAbstract:Electric power utilities are facing increasing infrastructure investment and awareness of environmental issues. Demand side management (DSM) can play an important role in meeting some of the challenges faced by electric power utilities in that it can be used to improve energy efficiency, system reliability, and security, reduce costs for both customers and utilities, and mitigate environmental damage. This paper applies load shifting on seven different customer load sectors and illustrates the effects of the various DSM measures on the load shapes and on the system reliability indices used in Generating Capacity adequacy assessment.
-
incorporating wind power in Generating Capacity reliability evaluation using different models
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2011Co-Authors: R. Billinton, Dange HuangAbstract:Appropriate wind speed modeling is an important requirement in the reliability evaluation of wind integrated electric power systems. This paper examines and illustrates the effects on the Generating Capacity adequacy indices of a small test system of using different wind speed modeling procedures in Monte Carlo simulation and analytical reliability assessment. Wind speed data for a number of different time periods at two quite diverse locations in Canada are used in the studies. Wind speed is represented using hourly observed data, hourly mean wind speed data, autoregressive moving average (ARMA) time series, moving average (MA) time series, Normal distribution, and Markov chain models.
-
Sensitivity of system operating considerations in Generating Capacity adequacy evaluation
International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 2010Co-Authors: Roy Billinton, Dange HuangAbstract:Abstract Generating Capacity adequacy assessment is an important activity in power system planning and development. This procedure usually involves the development of suitable Generating Capacity models and the convolution of these models with appropriate system load or demand models. Generating Capacity models are usually assumed to be independent of the load models and use fixed Generating unit Capacity and reliability parameters determined from design and operating statistics. The basic model for a base load Generating unit is a two-state model representation in which the unit is either in service or unavailable for service. This is a valid representation for a base load unit but does not adequately represent intermittent operating units used to meet peaking load conditions. The two-state model for a base load unit has been extended to a four state representation, which is widely used in practice. In this case, the conventional Generating unit forced outage rate (FOR) is replaced by the utilization forced outage probability (UFOP), which is the probability of the Generating unit being unavailable given that the system needs it. The calculated UFOP is not a fixed value but varies depending upon the operating role played by the unit. This paper illustrates the utilization of a sequential Monte Carlo simulation technique for Generating system adequacy evaluation and examines the response of the reliability parameters associated with intermittent operating units to changes in the Generating unit loading order, the required reserve, the system peak load and other system conditions.
-
Basic Concepts in Generating Capacity Adequacy Evaluation
2006 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems, 2006Co-Authors: Roy Billinton, Dange HuangAbstract:Generating Capacity adequacy evaluation is performed to evaluate the ability of the system Generating Capacity to meet the total system load. There are several basic reliability indices normally used to represent this ability and a wide range of methods have been developed to perform the evaluation. Although the basic reliability indices have been used for some time, there are still some misconceptions that need to be examined and discussed. Two computer programs have been used to conduct basic Generating Capacity adequacy evaluation. The simulation program provides the opportunity to extend the basic indices normally calculated using an analytical program to include index probability distributions. These concepts are illustrated in this paper together with some fundamental considerations regarding the basic indices and their interpretation. The concepts presented are illustrated by application to two published reliability test systems.
-
Basic considerations in Generating Capacity adequacy evaluation
Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering 2005., 1Co-Authors: Roy Billinton, Dange HuangAbstract:Generating Capacity adequacy evaluation is performed to evaluate the ability of the system Generating Capacity to meet the total system load. There are several basic reliability indices normally used to represent this ability and a wide range of methods have been developed to perform the evaluation. Although the basic reliability indices have been used for some time, there are still some misconceptions and misapplications that need to be examined and discussed. This paper illustrates two computer programs that have been developed to conduct basic Generating Capacity adequacy evaluation. The described simulation program provides the opportunity to extend the basic indices normally calculated using an analytical program to include index probability distributions. These concepts are illustrated in this paper together with some fundamental considerations regarding the basic indices and their interpretation in actual application. The concepts presented are illustrated by application to two published reliability test systems
Lars Larsson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Force-Generating Capacity of Human Myosin Isoforms Extracted from Single Muscle Fiber Segments
Biophysical Journal, 2011Co-Authors: Lars LarssonAbstract:Muscle, motor unit and muscle fibre type-specific differences in force-Generating Capacity have been investigated for many years, but there is still no consensus regarding specific differences between slow- and fast- twitch muscles, which may relate to a number of different confounding factors disguising the myosin function, i.e. the molecular motor protein. The aim of this study is to evaluate the force-Generating Capacity of specific myosin isoforms extracted from human muscle fiber segments in a modified single fiber in vitro motility assay, in which an internal load (α-actinin, actin-binding protein) was added in different concentrations to inhibit force generation of the myosin. After the negative linear relationship between the fraction of moving filaments and the α-actinin concentration was plotted, both the slope and x-axis intercept were used as force index to evaluate force production. The force-Generating Capacity of the β/slow myosin isoform (type I) was weaker (p
-
Force-Generating Capacity of human myosin isoforms extracted from single muscle fibre segments.
The Journal of Physiology, 2010Co-Authors: Lars LarssonAbstract:Muscle, motor unit and muscle fibre type-specific differences in force-Generating Capacity have been investigated for many years, but there is still no consensus regarding specific differences between slow- and fast-twitch muscles, motor units or muscle fibres. This is probably related to a number of different confounding factors disguising the function of the molecular motor protein myosin. We have therefore studied the force-Generating Capacity of specific myosin isoforms or combination of isoforms extracted from short single human muscle fibre segments in a modified single fibre myosin in vitro motility assay, in which an internal load (actin-binding protein) was added in different concentrations to evaluate the force-Generating Capacity. The force indices were the x-axis intercept and the slope of the relationship between the fraction of moving filaments and the α-actinin concentration. The force-Generating Capacity of the β/slow myosin isoform (type I) was weaker (P < 0.05) than the fast myosin isoform (type II), but the force-Generating Capacity of the different human fast myosin isoforms types IIa and IIx or a combination of both (IIax) were indistinguishable. A single fibre in vitro motility assay for both speed and force of specific myosin isoforms is described and used to measure the difference in force-Generating Capacity between fast and slow human myosin isoforms. The assay is proposed as a useful tool for clinical studies on the effects on muscle function of specific mutations or post-translational modifications of myosin.
Anton F. H. Stalenhoef - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Neutrophil superoxide-anion Generating Capacity in chronic smoking: Effect of long-term α-tocopherol therapy
Journal of biosciences, 2003Co-Authors: Lambertus J.h. Van Tits, Frouwkje De Waart, Heidi L.m Hak-lemmers, Jacqueline De Graaf, Pierre N.m. Demacker, Anton F. H. StalenhoefAbstract:We investigated whether long-term a-tocopherol therapy in chronic smoking affects superoxide Generating Capacity of neutrophilsex vivo. To this purpose, we randomly assigned 128 male chronic smokers (37 ± 21 pack years of smoking) to treatment with placebo(n = 64) or α-tocopherol (400 IU dL-α-tocopherol daily,n = 64). After two years of therapy, we measured phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced superoxide production of isolated neutrophils and of diluted whole blood by monitoring reduction of ferricytochrome c and luminol-enhanced peroxidase-catalyzed chemiluminescence. Plasma lipids and lipoproteins were not different between the two treatment groups. As expected, concentrations of a-tocopherol in plasma and in low-density lipoproteins were markedly elevated in the supplemented group compared to the placebo group (+ 120%,P 00001 and + 83%,P 00001, respectively). Consequently, resistance toin vitro oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (reflected by lag time of conjugated diene formation) was higher in the supplemented group than in the placebo group (+ 22%,P 00001). Superoxide Generating Capacity of neutrophils and superoxide production in diluted whole blood did not differ between α-tocopherol and placebo group. It is concluded that in chronic smoking long-term supranormal α-tocopherol intake does not reduce neutrophil superoxide-anion Generating Capacity, despite large increases in the concentrations of a-tocopherol in plasma and in low-density lipoproteins.
Roy Billinton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Early Evolution of LOLP: Evaluating Generating Capacity Requirements [History]
IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, 2015Co-Authors: Roy Billinton, Kelvin ChuAbstract:i»?This article focuses ON the early application of probability methods in the evaluation of Generating Capacity adequacy and reserve Capacity requirements in an electric power system. The primary objective is to illustrate the evolution of the loss of load probability (LOLP) from a concept to a numerical system index that has been widely accepted as a system standard for over 50 years. The observations in this article are supported by the âBibliography on Application of Probability Methods in the Evaluation of Generating Capacity Requirements,â presented by Roy Billinton at the IEEE Winter Power Meeting in New York, New York, 30 Januaryâ4 February 1966 and designated as Conference Paper No. 31 CP 66-62.
-
Sensitivity of system operating considerations in Generating Capacity adequacy evaluation
International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 2010Co-Authors: Roy Billinton, Dange HuangAbstract:Abstract Generating Capacity adequacy assessment is an important activity in power system planning and development. This procedure usually involves the development of suitable Generating Capacity models and the convolution of these models with appropriate system load or demand models. Generating Capacity models are usually assumed to be independent of the load models and use fixed Generating unit Capacity and reliability parameters determined from design and operating statistics. The basic model for a base load Generating unit is a two-state model representation in which the unit is either in service or unavailable for service. This is a valid representation for a base load unit but does not adequately represent intermittent operating units used to meet peaking load conditions. The two-state model for a base load unit has been extended to a four state representation, which is widely used in practice. In this case, the conventional Generating unit forced outage rate (FOR) is replaced by the utilization forced outage probability (UFOP), which is the probability of the Generating unit being unavailable given that the system needs it. The calculated UFOP is not a fixed value but varies depending upon the operating role played by the unit. This paper illustrates the utilization of a sequential Monte Carlo simulation technique for Generating system adequacy evaluation and examines the response of the reliability parameters associated with intermittent operating units to changes in the Generating unit loading order, the required reserve, the system peak load and other system conditions.
-
Basic Concepts in Generating Capacity Adequacy Evaluation
2006 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems, 2006Co-Authors: Roy Billinton, Dange HuangAbstract:Generating Capacity adequacy evaluation is performed to evaluate the ability of the system Generating Capacity to meet the total system load. There are several basic reliability indices normally used to represent this ability and a wide range of methods have been developed to perform the evaluation. Although the basic reliability indices have been used for some time, there are still some misconceptions that need to be examined and discussed. Two computer programs have been used to conduct basic Generating Capacity adequacy evaluation. The simulation program provides the opportunity to extend the basic indices normally calculated using an analytical program to include index probability distributions. These concepts are illustrated in this paper together with some fundamental considerations regarding the basic indices and their interpretation. The concepts presented are illustrated by application to two published reliability test systems.
-
A comparison of three fundamentally different methods for Generating Capacity reliability evaluation
Electric Power Systems Research, 1994Co-Authors: Lalit Goel, Roy BillintonAbstract:Abstract This paper describes the basic concepts associated with reliability evaluation of Generating systems. The concepts involved in the inclusion of Generating unit forced outage rates in Generating Capacity adequacy assessment and the evaluation of system unsupplied energy and production costs are illustrated using two reliability test systems. The basic objective of the paper is to compare three analytical methods, the load modification technique, the cumulant method and the segmentation procedure, in terms of their accuracy and computational speed in conventional Generating Capacity planning.
-
Use of Monte Carlo simulation in teaching Generating Capacity adequacy assessment
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 1991Co-Authors: Roy Billinton, L. GanAbstract:The authors present a range of Generating Capacity adequacy studies for a small educational reliability test system, RBTS, based on Monte Carlo simulation. They briefly illustrate the increasing importance and utilization of Monte Carlo simulation in power system reliability evaluation and its used in teaching the basic concepts. The emphasis is on its utilization in Generating Capacity reliability evaluation. The results were obtained using the simulation program developed by the power systems research group at the University of Saskatchewan. >
R. Billinton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
effects of load sector demand side management applications in Generating Capacity adequacy assessment
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2012Co-Authors: Dange Huang, R. BillintonAbstract:Electric power utilities are facing increasing infrastructure investment and awareness of environmental issues. Demand side management (DSM) can play an important role in meeting some of the challenges faced by electric power utilities in that it can be used to improve energy efficiency, system reliability, and security, reduce costs for both customers and utilities, and mitigate environmental damage. This paper applies load shifting on seven different customer load sectors and illustrates the effects of the various DSM measures on the load shapes and on the system reliability indices used in Generating Capacity adequacy assessment.
-
incorporating wind power in Generating Capacity reliability evaluation using different models
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2011Co-Authors: R. Billinton, Dange HuangAbstract:Appropriate wind speed modeling is an important requirement in the reliability evaluation of wind integrated electric power systems. This paper examines and illustrates the effects on the Generating Capacity adequacy indices of a small test system of using different wind speed modeling procedures in Monte Carlo simulation and analytical reliability assessment. Wind speed data for a number of different time periods at two quite diverse locations in Canada are used in the studies. Wind speed is represented using hourly observed data, hourly mean wind speed data, autoregressive moving average (ARMA) time series, moving average (MA) time series, Normal distribution, and Markov chain models.
-
Power system reliability and its assessment. I. Background and Generating Capacity
Power Engineering Journal, 1992Co-Authors: Ron Allan, R. BillintonAbstract:This series of three tutorial articles is intended to create a general awareness of power system reliability and the factors affecting it, to unveil some of the mysteries that prevail with regard to reliability, to indicate the underlying concepts concerning its assessment and application, and to show how it relates to economic constraints. This first article considers the general background and the assessment of Generating Capacity. The second and third articles will be published in later issues of the Journal.