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Peter D. Steinberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genetic Structure of the subtidal red alga Delisea pulchra
Marine Biology, 2000Co-Authors: Jeffrey T. Wright, Giuseppe C. Zuccarello, Peter D. SteinbergAbstract:We used random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPDs) to examine small-scale spatial Genetic Structure in the red alga Delisea pulchra (Greville) Montagne at two locations near Sydney, Australia. We examined Genetic Structure among plants at four spatial scales ranging from 2 km apart down to
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Genetic Structure of the subtidal red alga delisea pulchra
Marine Biology, 2000Co-Authors: Jeffrey T. Wright, Giuseppe C. Zuccarello, Peter D. SteinbergAbstract:We used random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPDs) to examine small-scale spatial Genetic Structure in the red alga Delisea pulchra (Greville) Montagne at two locations near Sydney, Australia. We examined Genetic Structure among plants at four spatial scales ranging from 2 km apart down to <50 cm apart between locations, among sites within locations, among quadrats within sites, and among plants within quadrats. Haploid stages of D. pulchra were absent from the populations studied, suggesting that they are maintained through asexual reproduction of diploid plants. Consistent with this, we found that 19 RAPD phenotypes scored in this study had multiple individuals, indicating the presence of clones in these populations. However, there were no RAPD phenotypes common to two locations separated by only 2 km. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that strong Genetic differences occurred between plants from these two locations, with 46.3% of the total Genetic variation occurring at this scale, most probably reflecting limited gene flow. Within each location, <25% of the Genetic variation was attributable to differences among sites or quadrats, indicating gene flow at those smaller scales. Most of the variation within each location occurred at the smallest spatial scale, among plants within 0.25 m2 quadrats. Nonetheless, some pairwise Genetic distances (φST) between sites or quadrats within locations were large, indicating some Genetic divergence on smaller scales. Genetic distance was independent of spatial distance within both locations, suggesting that fine-scale differences within locations were most probably caused by variation in fine-scale patterns of water movement or fine-scale natural selection. We assessed the impact of one potential selective agent, grazing sea urchins, on the fine-scale Genetic Structure of D. pulchra. There was no evidence that grazing by sea urchins affected the Genetic Structure of D. pulchra. In combination with demographic data, our results indicated that local populations of D. pulchra within locations were relatively open and that fine-scale Genetic Structure was probably constrained by gene flow. At the larger scale however, strong Genetic differentiation indicated little gene flow between locations and restricted dispersal of spores.
Jeffrey T. Wright - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genetic Structure of the subtidal red alga Delisea pulchra
Marine Biology, 2000Co-Authors: Jeffrey T. Wright, Giuseppe C. Zuccarello, Peter D. SteinbergAbstract:We used random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPDs) to examine small-scale spatial Genetic Structure in the red alga Delisea pulchra (Greville) Montagne at two locations near Sydney, Australia. We examined Genetic Structure among plants at four spatial scales ranging from 2 km apart down to
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Genetic Structure of the subtidal red alga delisea pulchra
Marine Biology, 2000Co-Authors: Jeffrey T. Wright, Giuseppe C. Zuccarello, Peter D. SteinbergAbstract:We used random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPDs) to examine small-scale spatial Genetic Structure in the red alga Delisea pulchra (Greville) Montagne at two locations near Sydney, Australia. We examined Genetic Structure among plants at four spatial scales ranging from 2 km apart down to <50 cm apart between locations, among sites within locations, among quadrats within sites, and among plants within quadrats. Haploid stages of D. pulchra were absent from the populations studied, suggesting that they are maintained through asexual reproduction of diploid plants. Consistent with this, we found that 19 RAPD phenotypes scored in this study had multiple individuals, indicating the presence of clones in these populations. However, there were no RAPD phenotypes common to two locations separated by only 2 km. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that strong Genetic differences occurred between plants from these two locations, with 46.3% of the total Genetic variation occurring at this scale, most probably reflecting limited gene flow. Within each location, <25% of the Genetic variation was attributable to differences among sites or quadrats, indicating gene flow at those smaller scales. Most of the variation within each location occurred at the smallest spatial scale, among plants within 0.25 m2 quadrats. Nonetheless, some pairwise Genetic distances (φST) between sites or quadrats within locations were large, indicating some Genetic divergence on smaller scales. Genetic distance was independent of spatial distance within both locations, suggesting that fine-scale differences within locations were most probably caused by variation in fine-scale patterns of water movement or fine-scale natural selection. We assessed the impact of one potential selective agent, grazing sea urchins, on the fine-scale Genetic Structure of D. pulchra. There was no evidence that grazing by sea urchins affected the Genetic Structure of D. pulchra. In combination with demographic data, our results indicated that local populations of D. pulchra within locations were relatively open and that fine-scale Genetic Structure was probably constrained by gene flow. At the larger scale however, strong Genetic differentiation indicated little gene flow between locations and restricted dispersal of spores.
Giuseppe C. Zuccarello - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genetic Structure of the subtidal red alga Delisea pulchra
Marine Biology, 2000Co-Authors: Jeffrey T. Wright, Giuseppe C. Zuccarello, Peter D. SteinbergAbstract:We used random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPDs) to examine small-scale spatial Genetic Structure in the red alga Delisea pulchra (Greville) Montagne at two locations near Sydney, Australia. We examined Genetic Structure among plants at four spatial scales ranging from 2 km apart down to
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Genetic Structure of the subtidal red alga delisea pulchra
Marine Biology, 2000Co-Authors: Jeffrey T. Wright, Giuseppe C. Zuccarello, Peter D. SteinbergAbstract:We used random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPDs) to examine small-scale spatial Genetic Structure in the red alga Delisea pulchra (Greville) Montagne at two locations near Sydney, Australia. We examined Genetic Structure among plants at four spatial scales ranging from 2 km apart down to <50 cm apart between locations, among sites within locations, among quadrats within sites, and among plants within quadrats. Haploid stages of D. pulchra were absent from the populations studied, suggesting that they are maintained through asexual reproduction of diploid plants. Consistent with this, we found that 19 RAPD phenotypes scored in this study had multiple individuals, indicating the presence of clones in these populations. However, there were no RAPD phenotypes common to two locations separated by only 2 km. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that strong Genetic differences occurred between plants from these two locations, with 46.3% of the total Genetic variation occurring at this scale, most probably reflecting limited gene flow. Within each location, <25% of the Genetic variation was attributable to differences among sites or quadrats, indicating gene flow at those smaller scales. Most of the variation within each location occurred at the smallest spatial scale, among plants within 0.25 m2 quadrats. Nonetheless, some pairwise Genetic distances (φST) between sites or quadrats within locations were large, indicating some Genetic divergence on smaller scales. Genetic distance was independent of spatial distance within both locations, suggesting that fine-scale differences within locations were most probably caused by variation in fine-scale patterns of water movement or fine-scale natural selection. We assessed the impact of one potential selective agent, grazing sea urchins, on the fine-scale Genetic Structure of D. pulchra. There was no evidence that grazing by sea urchins affected the Genetic Structure of D. pulchra. In combination with demographic data, our results indicated that local populations of D. pulchra within locations were relatively open and that fine-scale Genetic Structure was probably constrained by gene flow. At the larger scale however, strong Genetic differentiation indicated little gene flow between locations and restricted dispersal of spores.
Irene Vanninen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Agroecosystems shape population Genetic Structure of the greenhouse whitefly in Northern and Southern Europe
BMC evolutionary biology, 2014Co-Authors: Irina Ovcarenko, Despoina Evripidis Kapantaidaki, Leena Lindström, Nathalie Gauthier, Anastasia Tsagkarakou, Karelyn Emily Knott, Irene VanninenAbstract:To predict further invasions of pests it is important to understand what factors contribute to the Genetic Structure of their populations. Cosmopolitan pest species are ideal for studying how different agroecosystems affect population Genetic Structure within a species at different climatic extremes. We undertook the first population Genetic study of the greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum), a cosmopolitan invasive herbivore, and examined the Genetic Structure of this species in Northern and Southern Europe. In Finland, cold temperatures limit whiteflies to greenhouses and prevent them from overwintering in nature, and in Greece, milder temperatures allow whiteflies to inhabit both fields and greenhouses year round, providing a greater potential for connectivity among populations. Using nine microsatellite markers, we genotyped 1274 T. vaporariorum females collected from 18 greenhouses in Finland and eight greenhouses as well as eight fields in Greece. Populations from Finland were less diverse than those from Greece, suggesting that Greek populations are larger and subjected to fewer bottlenecks. Moreover, there was significant population Genetic Structure in both countries that was explained by different factors. Habitat (field vs. greenhouse) together with longitude explained Genetic Structure in Greece, whereas in Finland, Genetic Structure was explained by host plant species. Furthermore, there was no temporal Genetic Structure among populations in Finland, suggesting that year-round populations are able to persist in greenhouses. Taken together our results show that greenhouse agroecosystems can limit gene flow among populations in both climate zones. Fragmented populations in greenhouses could allow for efficient pest management. However, pest persistence in both climate zones, coupled with increasing opportunities for naturalization in temperate latitudes due to climate change, highlight challenges for the management of cosmopolitan pests in Northern and Southern Europe.
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Agroecosystems shape population Genetic Structure of the greenhouse whitefly in Northern and Southern Europe
BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2014Co-Authors: Irina Ovcarenko, Despoina Evripidis Kapantaidaki, Leena Lindström, Nathalie Gauthier, Anastasia Tsagkarakou, Karelyn Emily Knott, Irene VanninenAbstract:Background: To predict further invasions of pests it is important to understand what factors contribute to the Genetic Structure of their populations. Cosmopolitan pest species are ideal for studying how different agroecosystems affect population Genetic Structure within a species at different climatic extremes. We undertook the first population Genetic study of the greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum), a cosmopolitan invasive herbivore, and examined the Genetic Structure of this species in Northern and Southern Europe. In Finland, cold temperatures limit whiteflies to greenhouses and prevent them from overwintering in nature, and in Greece, milder temperatures allow whiteflies to inhabit both fields and greenhouses year round, providing a greater potential for connectivity among populations. Using nine microsatellite markers, we genotyped 1274 T. vaporariorum females collected from 18 greenhouses in Finland and eight greenhouses as well as eight fields in Greece. Results: Populations from Finland were less diverse than those from Greece, suggesting that Greek populations are larger and subjected to fewer bottlenecks. Moreover, there was significant population Genetic Structure in both countries that was explained by different factors. Habitat (field vs. greenhouse) together with longitude explained Genetic Structure in Greece, whereas in Finland, Genetic Structure was explained by host plant species. Furthermore, there was no temporal Genetic Structure among populations in Finland, suggesting that year-round populations are able to persist in greenhouses. Conclusions: Taken together our results show that greenhouse agroecosystems can limit gene flow among populations in both climate zones. Fragmented populations in greenhouses could allow for efficient pest management. However, pest persistence in both climate zones, coupled with increasing opportunities for naturalization in temperate latitudes due to climate change, highlight challenges for the management of cosmopolitan pests in Northern and Southern Europe.
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Agroecosystems shape population Genetic Structure of the greenhouse whitefly in Northern
2014Co-Authors: Despoina Evripidis Kapantaidaki, Leena Lindström, Nathalie Gauthier, Anastasia Tsagkarakou, Karelyn Emily Knott, Irene VanninenAbstract:Background: To predict further invasions of pests it is important to understand what factors contribute to the Genetic Structure of their populations. Cosmopolitan pest species are ideal for studying how different agroecosystems affect population Genetic Structure within a species at different climatic extremes. We undertook the first population Genetic study of the greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum), a cosmopolitan invasive herbivore, and examined the Genetic Structure of this species in Northern and Southern Europe. In Finland, cold temperatures limit whiteflies to greenhouses and prevent them from overwintering in nature, and in Greece, milder temperatures allow whiteflies to inhabit both fields and greenhouses year round, providing a greater potential for connectivity among populations. Using nine microsatellite markers, we genotyped 1274T. vaporariorum females collected from 18 greenhouses in Finland and eight greenhouses as well as eight fields in Greece. Results: Populations from Finland were less diverse than those from Greece, suggesting that Greek populations are larger and subjected to fewer bottlenecks. Moreover, there was significant population Genetic Structure in both countries that was explained by different factors. Habitat (field vs. greenhouse) together with longitude explained Genetic Structure in Greece, whereas in Finland, Genetic Structure was explained by host plant species. Furthermore, there was no temporal Genetic Structure among populations in Finland, suggesting that year-round populations are able to persist in greenhouses. Conclusions: Taken together our results show that greenhouse agroecosystems can limit gene flow among populations in both climate zones. Fragmented populations in greenhouses could allow for efficient pest management. However, pest persistence in both climate zones, coupled with increasing opportunities for naturalization in temperate latitudes due to climate change, highlight challenges for the management of cosmopolitan pests in Northern and Southern Europe.
Irina Ovcarenko - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Agroecosystems shape population Genetic Structure of the greenhouse whitefly in Northern and Southern Europe
BMC evolutionary biology, 2014Co-Authors: Irina Ovcarenko, Despoina Evripidis Kapantaidaki, Leena Lindström, Nathalie Gauthier, Anastasia Tsagkarakou, Karelyn Emily Knott, Irene VanninenAbstract:To predict further invasions of pests it is important to understand what factors contribute to the Genetic Structure of their populations. Cosmopolitan pest species are ideal for studying how different agroecosystems affect population Genetic Structure within a species at different climatic extremes. We undertook the first population Genetic study of the greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum), a cosmopolitan invasive herbivore, and examined the Genetic Structure of this species in Northern and Southern Europe. In Finland, cold temperatures limit whiteflies to greenhouses and prevent them from overwintering in nature, and in Greece, milder temperatures allow whiteflies to inhabit both fields and greenhouses year round, providing a greater potential for connectivity among populations. Using nine microsatellite markers, we genotyped 1274 T. vaporariorum females collected from 18 greenhouses in Finland and eight greenhouses as well as eight fields in Greece. Populations from Finland were less diverse than those from Greece, suggesting that Greek populations are larger and subjected to fewer bottlenecks. Moreover, there was significant population Genetic Structure in both countries that was explained by different factors. Habitat (field vs. greenhouse) together with longitude explained Genetic Structure in Greece, whereas in Finland, Genetic Structure was explained by host plant species. Furthermore, there was no temporal Genetic Structure among populations in Finland, suggesting that year-round populations are able to persist in greenhouses. Taken together our results show that greenhouse agroecosystems can limit gene flow among populations in both climate zones. Fragmented populations in greenhouses could allow for efficient pest management. However, pest persistence in both climate zones, coupled with increasing opportunities for naturalization in temperate latitudes due to climate change, highlight challenges for the management of cosmopolitan pests in Northern and Southern Europe.
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Agroecosystems shape population Genetic Structure of the greenhouse whitefly in Northern and Southern Europe
BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2014Co-Authors: Irina Ovcarenko, Despoina Evripidis Kapantaidaki, Leena Lindström, Nathalie Gauthier, Anastasia Tsagkarakou, Karelyn Emily Knott, Irene VanninenAbstract:Background: To predict further invasions of pests it is important to understand what factors contribute to the Genetic Structure of their populations. Cosmopolitan pest species are ideal for studying how different agroecosystems affect population Genetic Structure within a species at different climatic extremes. We undertook the first population Genetic study of the greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum), a cosmopolitan invasive herbivore, and examined the Genetic Structure of this species in Northern and Southern Europe. In Finland, cold temperatures limit whiteflies to greenhouses and prevent them from overwintering in nature, and in Greece, milder temperatures allow whiteflies to inhabit both fields and greenhouses year round, providing a greater potential for connectivity among populations. Using nine microsatellite markers, we genotyped 1274 T. vaporariorum females collected from 18 greenhouses in Finland and eight greenhouses as well as eight fields in Greece. Results: Populations from Finland were less diverse than those from Greece, suggesting that Greek populations are larger and subjected to fewer bottlenecks. Moreover, there was significant population Genetic Structure in both countries that was explained by different factors. Habitat (field vs. greenhouse) together with longitude explained Genetic Structure in Greece, whereas in Finland, Genetic Structure was explained by host plant species. Furthermore, there was no temporal Genetic Structure among populations in Finland, suggesting that year-round populations are able to persist in greenhouses. Conclusions: Taken together our results show that greenhouse agroecosystems can limit gene flow among populations in both climate zones. Fragmented populations in greenhouses could allow for efficient pest management. However, pest persistence in both climate zones, coupled with increasing opportunities for naturalization in temperate latitudes due to climate change, highlight challenges for the management of cosmopolitan pests in Northern and Southern Europe.
