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Loretta Lees - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Planetary Gentrification and urban (re)development
Urban Development Issues, 2019Co-Authors: Loretta LeesAbstract:Abstract Gentrification is no-longer, if it ever was, a small scale process of urban transformation. Gentrification globally is more often practised as large scale urban redevelopment. It is state-led or state-induced. The results are clear – the displacement and disenfranchisement of low income groups in favour of wealthier in-movers. So, why has Gentrification come to dominate policy making worldwide and what can be done about it?
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Introduction: Locating Gentrification in the Global East:
Urban Studies, 2015Co-Authors: Hyun Bang Shin, Loretta Lees, Ernesto López-moralesAbstract:This special issue, a collection of papers presented and debated at an Urban Studies Foundation-funded workshop on Global Gentrification in London in 2012, attempts to problematise contemporary understandings of Gentrification, which is all too often confined to the experiences of the so-called Global North, and sometimes too narrowly understood as classic Gentrification. Instead of simply confirming the rise of Gentrification in places outside of the usual suspects of North America and Western Europe, a more open-minded approach is advocated so as not to over-generalise distinctive urban processes under the label of Gentrification, thus understanding Gentrification as constitutive of diverse urban processes at work. This requires a careful attention to the complexity of property rights and tenure relations, and calls for a dialogue between Gentrification and non-Gentrification researchers to understand how Gentrification communicates with other theories to capture the full dynamics of urban transformation. Papers in this special issue have made great strides towards these goals, namely theorising, distorting, mutating and bringing into question the concept of Gentrification itself, as seen from the perspective of the Global East, a label that we have deliberately given in order to problematise the existing common practices of grouping all regions other than Western European and North American ones into the Global South.
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Introduction: 'Gentrification' - a global urban process?
2015Co-Authors: Loretta Lees, Hyun Bang Shin, Ernesto López-moralesAbstract:Under contemporary capitalism the extraction of value from the built environment has escalated, working in tandem with other urban processes to lay the foundations for the exploitative processes of Gentrification world-wide. Global Gentrifications: Uneven development and displacement critically assesses and tests the meaning and significance of Gentrification in places outside the ‘usual suspects’ of the Global North. Informed by a rich array of case studies from cities in Asia, Latin America, Africa, Southern Europe, and beyond, the book (re)discovers the important generalities and geographical specificities associated with the uneven process of Gentrification globally. It highlights intensifying global struggles over urban space and underlines Gentrification as a growing and important battleground in the contemporary world.
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global Gentrifications uneven development and displacement
2015Co-Authors: Loretta Lees, Hyun Bang Shin, Ernesto LopezmoralesAbstract:Introduction ~ Loretta Lees, Hyun Shin and Ernesto Lopez Part 1: South East Asia Value extraction from land and real estate in Karachi ~ Arif Hasan Rethinking Gentrification in India: Displacement, Dispossession and the Specter of Development ~ Sapana Doshi Gentrification in China? ~ Julie Ren Promoting Private Interest by Public Hands? The Gentrification of Public Lands by Housing Policies in Taipei City ~ Liling Huang The Endogenous Dynamics of Urban Renewal and Gentrification in Seoul, South Korea ~ Seong-Kyu Ha Part 2: Africa The place of Gentrification in Cape Town ~ Annika Teppo and Marianne Millstein The prospects of Gentrification in downtown Cairo: artists, private investment and the neglectful state ~ Mohamed Elshahed Gentrification in Nigeria: the case of two housing estates in Lagos ~ Chinwe Nwanna Part 3: Latin America Gentrification in the city of Buenos Aires: global trends and local features ~ Hilda Herzer, Maria Mercedes Di Virgilio, Maria Carla Rodriguez Confronting Favela Chic: the Gentrification of Informal Settlements in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ~ Jake Cummings Gentrification, Neoliberalism and Loss in Puebla, Mexico ~ Gareth Jones Emerging Retail Gentrification in Santiago de Chile: the case of Italia-Caupolican ~Elke Schlack and Jon Neil Turnbull Part 4: The Middle East When Authoritarianism Embraces Gentrification - the Case of Old Damascus, Syria ~ Yannick Suderman Capital, state and conflict the various drivers of diverse Gentrification processes in Beirut, Lebanon ~ Marieke Krijnen and Christiaan De Beukelaer Diverse and widespread forms of Gentrification in Israel ~ Amiram Gonen City Upgraded: Redesigning and Disciplining Downtown Abu Dhabi ~Surajit Chakravarty and Abdellatif Qamhaieh Part 5: Atypical European Cases The making of, and resistance to, state-led Gentrification in Istanbul, Turkey ~ Tolga Islam and Bahar Sakizlioglu Slum Gentrification in Lisbon, Portugal: displacement and the imagined futures of an informal settlement ~ Eduardo Ascensao Unraveling the yarn of Gentrification trends in the contested inner city of Athens ~ Georgia Alexandri Gentrification dispositifs in the historic centre of Madrid: a re-consideration of urban governmentality and state-led urban reconfiguration ~ Jorge Sequera and Michael Janoschka Afterword ~ Eric Clark.
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Global Gentrifications: Uneven development and displacement - Global Gentrifications: Uneven development and displacement
2015Co-Authors: Loretta Lees, Hyun Bang Shin, Ernesto López-moralesAbstract:Introduction ~ Loretta Lees, Hyun Shin and Ernesto Lopez Part 1: South East Asia Value extraction from land and real estate in Karachi ~ Arif Hasan Rethinking Gentrification in India: Displacement, Dispossession and the Specter of Development ~ Sapana Doshi Gentrification in China? ~ Julie Ren Promoting Private Interest by Public Hands? The Gentrification of Public Lands by Housing Policies in Taipei City ~ Liling Huang The Endogenous Dynamics of Urban Renewal and Gentrification in Seoul, South Korea ~ Seong-Kyu Ha Part 2: Africa The place of Gentrification in Cape Town ~ Annika Teppo and Marianne Millstein The prospects of Gentrification in downtown Cairo: artists, private investment and the neglectful state ~ Mohamed Elshahed Gentrification in Nigeria: the case of two housing estates in Lagos ~ Chinwe Nwanna Part 3: Latin America Gentrification in the city of Buenos Aires: global trends and local features ~ Hilda Herzer, Maria Mercedes Di Virgilio, Maria Carla Rodriguez Confronting Favela Chic: the Gentrification of Informal Settlements in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ~ Jake Cummings Gentrification, Neoliberalism and Loss in Puebla, Mexico ~ Gareth Jones Emerging Retail Gentrification in Santiago de Chile: the case of Italia-Caupolican ~Elke Schlack and Jon Neil Turnbull Part 4: The Middle East When Authoritarianism Embraces Gentrification - the Case of Old Damascus, Syria ~ Yannick Suderman Capital, state and conflict the various drivers of diverse Gentrification processes in Beirut, Lebanon ~ Marieke Krijnen and Christiaan De Beukelaer Diverse and widespread forms of Gentrification in Israel ~ Amiram Gonen City Upgraded: Redesigning and Disciplining Downtown Abu Dhabi ~Surajit Chakravarty and Abdellatif Qamhaieh Part 5: Atypical European Cases The making of, and resistance to, state-led Gentrification in Istanbul, Turkey ~ Tolga Islam and Bahar Sakizlioglu Slum Gentrification in Lisbon, Portugal: displacement and the imagined futures of an informal settlement ~ Eduardo Ascensao Unraveling the yarn of Gentrification trends in the contested inner city of Athens ~ Georgia Alexandri Gentrification dispositifs in the historic centre of Madrid: a re-consideration of urban governmentality and state-led urban reconfiguration ~ Jorge Sequera and Michael Janoschka Afterword ~ Eric Clark.
Gary Bridge - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mixed Communities: Gentrification by Stealth?
2011Co-Authors: Gary Bridge, Tim Butler, Loretta LeesAbstract:Introduction: Gentrification and social mix ~ Loretta Lees, Tim Butler and Gary Bridge Part one: Reflections on social mix policy: Why do birds of a feather flock together? Social mix and social welfare: A quantitative appraisal ~ Paul Cheshire Social mix and urban policy ~ Patrick Le Gales Mixed communities and urban policy: Reflections from the UK ~ Rebecca Tunstall Gentrification without social mixing in the rapidly urbanising world of Australasia ~ Wendy Shaw Part two: Social mix in liberal and neoliberal times: Social mixing and the historical geography of Gentrification ~ David Ley HafenCity, Hamburg, Germany: Social mix as a 21st century planning goal ~ Juergen Bruns-Berentelg Part three: Social mix policies and Gentrification: Mixed income schools and housing policy in Chicago: A critical examination of the Gentrification/education/'racial' exclusion nexus ~ Pauline Lipman Social mix as the aim of a controlled Gentrification process: The example of the Goutte d'Or district in Paris ~ Marie-Helene Bacque and Yankel Fijalkow Beware the Trojan horse: Contructions of social mix in Melbourne ~ Kate Shaw Part four: The rhetoric and reality of social mix policies: Social mixing as a cure for negative neighbourhood effects: Evidence based policy or urban myth? ~ David Manley, Maarten van Ham and Joe Doherty Meanings, politics and realities of social mix and Gentrification - A view from Brussels ~ Mathieu Van Criekingen 'Regeneration' in interesting times: A story of privatisation and Gentrification in a peripheral Scottish city ~ Sarah Glynn HOPE VI: Calling for modesty in its claims ~ James Fraser, James DeFilippis and Joshua Bazuin Part five: Experiencing social mix: The impossibility of Gentrification and social mixing ~ Mark Davidson Not the only power in town? Challenging binaries and bringing the working class into Gentrification research ~ Kirsteen Patton From social mix to political marginalisation? The redevelopment of Toronto's public housing and the dilution of tenant organizational power ~ Martine August and Alan Walks Mixture without mating: Partial Gentrification in the case of Rotterdam, the Netherlands ~ Talja Blokland and Gwen van Eijk Afterword ~ Gary Bridge, Tim Butler and Loretta Lees.
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Gentrification in a global context the new urban colonialism
2004Co-Authors: Rowland Atkinson, Gary BridgeAbstract:The new urban colonialism / Rowland Atkinson and Gary Bridge -- Mapping neoliberal American urbanism / Elvin K. Wyly and Daniel J. Hammel -- From social mix to the politics of distance : urban policy and Gentrification in Canada / Tom Slater -- Heritage and Gentrification : remembering 'the good old days' in postcolonial Sydney / Wendy Shaw -- 'Studentification' : the Gentrification factory? / Darren P. Smith -- Gentrification in post-communist cities / Ludek Sykora -- Exploring the substance and style of Gentrification : Berlin's 'prenzlberg' / Matthias Bernt and Andrej Holm -- Outside the core : Gentrification in Istanbul / Tolga Islam -- Gentrification and neighbourhood dynamics in Japan : the case of Kyoto / Yoshihiro Fujitsuka -- Another 'Guggenheim effect'? : central city projects and Gentrification in Bilbao / Lorenzo Vicario and P. Manuel Martinez Monje -- Local limits to Gentrification : implications for a new urban policy / Kate Shaw -- Poland and Polonia : migration and the re-incorporation of ethnic aesthetic practice in the taste of luxury / Jerome Krase -- Outside the metropole : Gentrification in provincial cities or provincial Gentrification? / Paul Dutton -- A curious blend? : city revitalization, Gentrification and commodification in Brazil / Silvana Rubino -- Out of squalor and towards another urban renaissance? : Gentrification and neighborhood transformations in southern Europe / Petros Petsimeris -- The order and simplicity of Gentrification, a political challenge / Erik Clark.
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bourdieu rational action and the time space strategy of Gentrification
Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 2001Co-Authors: Gary BridgeAbstract:This paper proposes Gentrification as an example of class habitus adjusting to a new field via a time-space strategy that involves conscious rational coordination of class agents on a new aesthetic ‘focal point’. This approach suggests: (1) a much greater role for conscious rational processes in both the intentional and intuitive processes of class reproduction; (2) an understanding via Gentrification of the symbolic significance of time-space in class processes; (3) the significance of individual class agents in the process of Gentrification; (4) a view of Gentrification that gives greater prominence to working-class taste and habitus.
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Bourdieu, rational action and the time‐space strategy of Gentrification
Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 2001Co-Authors: Gary BridgeAbstract:This paper proposes Gentrification as an example of class habitus adjusting to a new field via a time-space strategy that involves conscious rational coordination of class agents on a new aesthetic ‘focal point’. This approach suggests: (1) a much greater role for conscious rational processes in both the intentional and intuitive processes of class reproduction; (2) an understanding via Gentrification of the symbolic significance of time-space in class processes; (3) the significance of individual class agents in the process of Gentrification; (4) a view of Gentrification that gives greater prominence to working-class taste and habitus.
Martin Phillips - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Re-placing displacement in Gentrification studies: Temporality and multi-dimensionality in rural Gentrification displacement
Geoforum, 2021Co-Authors: Martin Phillips, Darren P. Smith, Hannah Brooking, Mara DuerAbstract:Abstract This paper explores how conceptions of displacement have been challenged and adapted as the study of Gentrification has expanded to encompass a series of new contexts, including post-industrial conversions and new-build urban developments within and beyond the Global North. Attention is draw to Peter Marcuse's work on displacement, and how some of his conceptualisations of different forms of displacement have been significant in cross-contextual discussions of Gentrification, although other aspects of his work, such as his discussions of the relationship between abandonment and displacement have received less attention. Drawing on work of Marcuse, the earlier work of George and Eustice Grier, and a series of more contemporary studies, the paper argues for the adoption of more multi-dimensional and temporally sensitive conceptualisations of Gentrification displacement. It then seeks to illustrate the value of this conceptualisation in the study of a further context of Gentrification, namely the study of rural Gentrification. The paper highlights recent debates over the significance of displacement, and thereby Gentrification, to the study of demographic change in rural areas of the UK. Attention is drawn to studies that have made reference to displacement impacts of rural Gentrification, before drawing on research conducted by the authors in nine villages located in six districts of England. The paper highlights evidence of 'disinvestment displacement' occurring prior to the major onset of Gentrification in these villages, through 'reinvestment displacement' and 'direct displacement' at the point of Gentrification, 'chain displacement' occurring both before and after the point of property Gentrification, and 'exclusionary displacement', and material and experiential 'displacement pressures', operating once Gentrification had started to take hold in these locations. Displacement is further shown to involve not only housing but also employment conditions, access to services, and the symbolism, practices and affective relations that people have with human and more-than-human constituents of space.
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Comparative approaches to Gentrification: Lessons from the rural.
Dialogues in human geography, 2018Co-Authors: Martin Phillips, Darren P. SmithAbstract:The epistemologies and politics of comparative research are prominently debated within urban studies, with ‘comparative urbanism’ emerging as a contemporary lexicon of urban studies. The study of urban Gentrification has, after some delay, come to engage with these debates, which can be seen to pose a major challenge to the very concept of Gentrification. To date, similar debates or developments have not unfolded within the study of rural Gentrification. This article seeks to address some of the challenges posed to Gentrification studies through an examination of strategies of comparison and how they might be employed within a comparative study of rural Gentrification. Drawing on Tilly (Big structures Large Processes Huge Comparisons. New York: Russell Sage), examples of four ‘strategies of comparison’ are identified within studies of urban and rural Gentrification, before the paper explores how ‘geographies of the concept’ and ‘geographies of the phenomenon’ of rural Gentrification in the United Kingdom, United States and France may be investigated using Latour’s (Pandora’s Hope. London: Harvard University Press) notion of ‘circulatory sociologies of translation’. The aim of our comparative discussion is to open up dialogues on the challenges of comparative studies that employ conceptions of Gentrification and also to promote reflections of the metrocentricity of recent discussions of comparative research.
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Counterurbanisation and rural Gentrification: an exploration of the terms
Population Space and Place, 2009Co-Authors: Martin PhillipsAbstract:This paper examines the interrelationships between the concepts of counterurbanisation and rural Gentrification, suggesting that four different positions can be identified. Firstly, these concepts are highly commensurable and could usefully be more closely aligned. Secondly, rural Gentrification has a political/critical dimension that is missing from conceptualisations of counterurbanisation, and hence rural Gentrification might usefully displace counterurbanisation as a focus of study. Thirdly, counterurbanisation is a less reductionist concept than rural Gentrification, and therefore counterurbanisation researchers need to disentangle themselves from too great a focus on rural Gentrification. Fourthly, both concepts share many problematic features and may both be viewed as chaotic concepts. The paper then discusses how counterurbanisation and Gentrification researchers have responded to criticisms relating to their conceptual foci, suggesting that these can be characterised as legislative or interpretive. It is argued that whilst the former response has been predominant, there are signs that the latter approach is also being adopted. The concluding part of the paper draws on the notion of an interpretive approach to understanding counterurbanisation and rural Gentrification, and their interrelationships. Use is made of Latour's notion of ‘circulatory sociologies of translation’ to consider how the two concepts are linked not only to their objects of study but also to social relationships with other academics, with governmental organisations and with public opinion and values. Attention is drawn to the differential relationships that counterurbanisation and rural Gentrification are implicated in, and how this might account for the differential character of the two concepts. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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the production symbolization and socialization of Gentrification impressions from two berkshire villages
Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 2002Co-Authors: Martin PhillipsAbstract:Gentrification has long been the subject of considerable interest and debate amongst geographers. A range of differing ontological and epistemological conceptions of Gentrification have been advanced, with attempts often being made to legislate between them to establish some definitive categorizations of Gentrification. The majority of Gentrification studies are also highly urbanized: Gentrification is seen explicitly or implicitly as a phenomenon that occurs in urban space. This paper questions both the legislative and urban foci of Gentrification studies, by outlining an interpretative study of material, social and symbolic dimensions of Gentrification within two villages in rural Berkshire.
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Rural Gentrification and the Processes of Class Colonisation.
Journal of Rural Studies, 1993Co-Authors: Martin PhillipsAbstract:Abstract The term rural Gentrification is examined and contrasted with contemporary debates over urban Gentrification. A common root, in the displacement of a working-class populace by middle-class incomers, is identified and also criticised. Attention is drawn to debates current within urban studies concerning the definition of Gentrification as a process of capital investment or as a means to purchase particular lifestyles, the role of reproductive work and service provision, and the possibility of diverse types of gentrifiers and processes of Gentrification. The paper investigates, through a substantive study of households in four villages in Gower, whether some of these arguments can illuminate understandings of rural Gentrification. Claims that Gentrification is necessarily associated with home owners acting as capitalist developers or with an emergent service class are questioned and the possibility of ‘marginal gentrifiers’ is raised. It is also suggested that asymmetries in class positions of householders may be constitutive of rural Gentrification. Finally it is argued that comparative work should be undertaken to draw out both the commonalities and differences between rural and urban Gentrification and also within Gentrification in various rural localities.
Robert J Sampson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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divergent pathways of Gentrification racial inequality and the social order of renewal in chicago neighborhoods
American Sociological Review, 2014Co-Authors: Jackelyn Hwang, Robert J SampsonAbstract:Gentrification has inspired considerable debate, but direct examination of its uneven evolution across time and space is rare. We address this gap by developing a conceptual framework on the social pathways of Gentrification and introducing a method of systematic social observation using Google Street View to detect visible cues of neighborhood change. We argue that a durable racial hierarchy governs residential selection and, in turn, gentrifying neighborhoods. Integrating census data, police records, prior street-level observations, community surveys, proximity to amenities, and city budget data on capital investments, we find that the pace of Gentrification in Chicago from 2007 to 2009 was negatively associated with the concentration of blacks and Latinos in neighborhoods that either showed signs of Gentrification or were adjacent and still disinvested in 1995. Racial composition has a threshold effect, however, attenuating Gentrification when the share of blacks in a neighborhood is greater than 40 pe...
Vanessa Mathews - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Aestheticizing Space: Art, Gentrification and the City
Geography Compass, 2010Co-Authors: Vanessa MathewsAbstract:This article explores the relationship between art and Gentrification at the urban scale. In particular, it maps shifting conceptualizations of this relationship through a focus on art, artists and arts spaces in the successive waves of Gentrification. The first half of the article outlines the conceptualization of the arts in the first and second waves of Gentrification, beginning with artist location preferences, detailing how and why these areas become attractive for higher income groups, and the agency prescribed to artists within the process. In the second half, the article places these findings in conversation with current debates taking place in the field surrounding third wave Gentrification, in particular, how the arts are incorporated into public-policy and urban regeneration with a focus on public art and arts infrastructure. The conclusion raises questions about how the incorporation of the arts in city programming complicates understandings of Gentrification, and presents future avenues for research.