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Gary W. Saunders - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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calliblepharis rammediorum sp nov Gigartinales rhodophyta from the israeli levant mediterranean sea
Cryptogamie Algologie, 2018Co-Authors: Razy Hoffman, Michael J. Wynne, Gary W. SaundersAbstract:Calliblepharis rammediorum sp. nov. (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) is described from the northern Levant Mediterranean shore of Israel. The new species has a prostrate creeping habit. It usually grows as an epiphyte, strongly attached by several discoidal holdfasts to the base of branches of some seaweed species, mainly on some non-native species and particularly on Laurencia chondrioides. Phylogenetic analyses of sequence data indicate that C. rammediorum is closely related to an unidentified species from the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Australia. These two are sister to a complex of two genetic groups both assigned to the morphospecies Calliblepharis fimbriata, whose species identity clearly requires further research. Calliblepharis rammediorum is the fourth that is newly described for the genus Calliblepharis since the beginning of the last decade. Aspects of its biology and ecology are also discussed.
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A new monotypic family for the enigmatic crustose red alga Plagiospora gracilis
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2016Co-Authors: Christine A. Maggs, Gary W. SaundersAbstract:Plagiospora gracilis, a mucilaginous crustose red alga growing on subtidal pebbles on both coasts of the North Atlantic Ocean, forms distinctive tetrasporangia (red algal meiotic structures that release haploid tetraspores) but gametophytes have never been reported. In the absence of gametangia, the taxonomic position of this monotypic genus has always been uncertain; it is currently placed provisionally in the Gloiosiphoniaceae (Gigartinales) by comparison with sporophytes of Gloiosiphonia obtained in culture. Dioecious gametophytic crusts of P. gracilis are now reported for the first time, forming gametangia in inconspicuous superficial sori. There is no evidence that fertilization ever occurs in the field although fertile males and female were collected together. In culture, tetraspores grew into tetrasporophytes for three successive generations, by presumed apomictic sporophyte recycling. The life history of P. gracilis may represent a late stage in the loss of sexual reproduction leading to tetraspore-to-tetrasporophyte life histories such as that in Hildenbrandia. Phylogenetic analysis of sequences of the rbcL, LSU (28S) rDNA and coxI (COI-5P) genes for P. gracilis with other Gigartinales resolved P. gracilis as a distinct lineage in a well-supported clade of the families Sphaerococcaceae, Gloiosiphoniaceae, Endocladiaceae, Nizymeniaceae and Phacelocarpaceae. We here propose the monotypic Plagiosporaceae fam. nov. to accommodate P. gracilis.
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Etheliaceae fam. nov. (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta), with a clarification of the generitype of Ethelia and the addition of six novel species from warm waters.
Journal of phycology, 2015Co-Authors: Kyatt R. Dixon, Gary W. Saunders, Craig W. Schneider, Christopher E. LaneAbstract:Based upon COI-5P, LSU rDNA, and rbcL sequence data and morphological characteristics, six new members of the noncalcified crustose genus of red algae Ethelia are described in a new family, Etheliaceae (Gigartinales), sister to the recently described Ptilocladiopsidaceae. The novel species are described from subtropical to tropical Atlantic and Indo-Pacific Ocean basins; E. mucronata sp. nov. and E. denizotii sp. nov. from southern and northern Western Australia respectively, E. wilcei sp. nov. from the Cocos (Keeling) Islands of Australia, E. suluensis sp. nov. from the Philippines, E. umbricola sp. nov. from Bermuda and E. kraftii sp. nov. from Lord Howe Island, Australia. The generitype, Ethelia biradiata, originally reported from the Seychelles, Indian Ocean, is added to the Western Australian flora.
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The monospecific genus Meredithia (Kallymeniaceae, Gigartinales) is species rich and geographically widespread with species from temperate Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans.
Journal of phycology, 2014Co-Authors: Craig W. Schneider, Gary W. Saunders, Christopher E. LaneAbstract:Using sequences of 5' region of the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene, large subunit rDNA, and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit gene as genetic markers to elucidate their phylogenetic positions, six unknown species from Western Australia, Tasmania, Lord Howe Is., and Norfolk Is. cluster with Meredithia in the Kallymeniaceae (Gigartinales), and are described as new members of this previously monospecific genus. Specimens from Bermuda referable to Kallymenia limminghei Mont. in the 20th century also clustered with this genetic grouping, not with the generitype of Kallymenia. The Bermudian specimens are further shown to be morphologically distinct from the type of K. limminghei (Guadeloupe, Caribbean Sea) and are described as a new species, Meredithia crenata. Using these Indo-Pacific and Bermudian collections, our analyses further show that Psaromenia is closely related to Meredithia, and that Cirrulicarpus nanus sensu stricto should be returned to Meredithia.
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Pseudopolyides furcellarioides gen. et sp. nov. (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) an erect member of the Cruoriaceae based on morphological and molecular evidence
Phycologia, 2013Co-Authors: Ignacio Bárbara, Tomás Gallardo, Javier Cremades, Rodolfo Barreiro, Isabel Maneiro, Gary W. SaundersAbstract:Pseudopolyides furcellarioides gen. et sp. nov. (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) was described from the Atlantic coasts of the northern Iberian Peninsula based on morphological and molecular evidence. This plant was found growing in the lower intertidal to the upper subtidal of moderately exposed rocky coasts, the bases anchored to rocks and often covered by sand. Thalli were perennial, terete, dichotomously branched and erect from a mammillate crustose holdfast. Fronds were multiaxial with a compact filamentous medulla, a densely pseudoparenchymatous inner cortex and an anticlinal outer cortex. Gametophytes were dioecious and isomorphic to tetrasporophytes. Spermatangia were superficial on swollen branch tips. Gonimocarps were spindle-shaped and directed to the thallus interior, while tetrasporangia were zonate. The habit and internal structure resembled those of both Polyides rotundus (characterized by crustose holdfasts, dichotomous or trichotomous branching and similar longitudinal section) and Furcellaria ...
Christopher E. Lane - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Etheliaceae fam. nov. (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta), with a clarification of the generitype of Ethelia and the addition of six novel species from warm waters.
Journal of phycology, 2015Co-Authors: Kyatt R. Dixon, Gary W. Saunders, Craig W. Schneider, Christopher E. LaneAbstract:Based upon COI-5P, LSU rDNA, and rbcL sequence data and morphological characteristics, six new members of the noncalcified crustose genus of red algae Ethelia are described in a new family, Etheliaceae (Gigartinales), sister to the recently described Ptilocladiopsidaceae. The novel species are described from subtropical to tropical Atlantic and Indo-Pacific Ocean basins; E. mucronata sp. nov. and E. denizotii sp. nov. from southern and northern Western Australia respectively, E. wilcei sp. nov. from the Cocos (Keeling) Islands of Australia, E. suluensis sp. nov. from the Philippines, E. umbricola sp. nov. from Bermuda and E. kraftii sp. nov. from Lord Howe Island, Australia. The generitype, Ethelia biradiata, originally reported from the Seychelles, Indian Ocean, is added to the Western Australian flora.
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The monospecific genus Meredithia (Kallymeniaceae, Gigartinales) is species rich and geographically widespread with species from temperate Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans.
Journal of phycology, 2014Co-Authors: Craig W. Schneider, Gary W. Saunders, Christopher E. LaneAbstract:Using sequences of 5' region of the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene, large subunit rDNA, and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit gene as genetic markers to elucidate their phylogenetic positions, six unknown species from Western Australia, Tasmania, Lord Howe Is., and Norfolk Is. cluster with Meredithia in the Kallymeniaceae (Gigartinales), and are described as new members of this previously monospecific genus. Specimens from Bermuda referable to Kallymenia limminghei Mont. in the 20th century also clustered with this genetic grouping, not with the generitype of Kallymenia. The Bermudian specimens are further shown to be morphologically distinct from the type of K. limminghei (Guadeloupe, Caribbean Sea) and are described as a new species, Meredithia crenata. Using these Indo-Pacific and Bermudian collections, our analyses further show that Psaromenia is closely related to Meredithia, and that Cirrulicarpus nanus sensu stricto should be returned to Meredithia.
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Crassitegula walsinghamii (Sebdeniaceae, Halymeniales), a new red algal genus and species from Bermuda based upon morphology and SSU rDNA sequence analyses
European Journal of Phycology, 2006Co-Authors: Craig W. Schneider, Christopher E. Lane, Gary W. SaundersAbstract:Dorsiventral, mat-forming plants superficially similar to Flahaultia tegetiformans (Gigartinales, Solieriaceae), a Caribbean species known only in the vegetative condition, were collected in several Bermuda habitats. Morphological analysis of these specimens distinguished them from F. tegetiformans. Reproductive morphology and analyses of sequences of the nuclear encoded small subunit rDNA show them clustering with Sebdenia (Halymeniales). The plants are described as Crassitegula walsinghamii gen. et sp. nov., a new nemathecial member of the Sebdeniaceae.
Craig W. Schneider - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Etheliaceae fam. nov. (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta), with a clarification of the generitype of Ethelia and the addition of six novel species from warm waters.
Journal of phycology, 2015Co-Authors: Kyatt R. Dixon, Gary W. Saunders, Craig W. Schneider, Christopher E. LaneAbstract:Based upon COI-5P, LSU rDNA, and rbcL sequence data and morphological characteristics, six new members of the noncalcified crustose genus of red algae Ethelia are described in a new family, Etheliaceae (Gigartinales), sister to the recently described Ptilocladiopsidaceae. The novel species are described from subtropical to tropical Atlantic and Indo-Pacific Ocean basins; E. mucronata sp. nov. and E. denizotii sp. nov. from southern and northern Western Australia respectively, E. wilcei sp. nov. from the Cocos (Keeling) Islands of Australia, E. suluensis sp. nov. from the Philippines, E. umbricola sp. nov. from Bermuda and E. kraftii sp. nov. from Lord Howe Island, Australia. The generitype, Ethelia biradiata, originally reported from the Seychelles, Indian Ocean, is added to the Western Australian flora.
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The monospecific genus Meredithia (Kallymeniaceae, Gigartinales) is species rich and geographically widespread with species from temperate Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans.
Journal of phycology, 2014Co-Authors: Craig W. Schneider, Gary W. Saunders, Christopher E. LaneAbstract:Using sequences of 5' region of the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene, large subunit rDNA, and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit gene as genetic markers to elucidate their phylogenetic positions, six unknown species from Western Australia, Tasmania, Lord Howe Is., and Norfolk Is. cluster with Meredithia in the Kallymeniaceae (Gigartinales), and are described as new members of this previously monospecific genus. Specimens from Bermuda referable to Kallymenia limminghei Mont. in the 20th century also clustered with this genetic grouping, not with the generitype of Kallymenia. The Bermudian specimens are further shown to be morphologically distinct from the type of K. limminghei (Guadeloupe, Caribbean Sea) and are described as a new species, Meredithia crenata. Using these Indo-Pacific and Bermudian collections, our analyses further show that Psaromenia is closely related to Meredithia, and that Cirrulicarpus nanus sensu stricto should be returned to Meredithia.
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Crassitegula walsinghamii (Sebdeniaceae, Halymeniales), a new red algal genus and species from Bermuda based upon morphology and SSU rDNA sequence analyses
European Journal of Phycology, 2006Co-Authors: Craig W. Schneider, Christopher E. Lane, Gary W. SaundersAbstract:Dorsiventral, mat-forming plants superficially similar to Flahaultia tegetiformans (Gigartinales, Solieriaceae), a Caribbean species known only in the vegetative condition, were collected in several Bermuda habitats. Morphological analysis of these specimens distinguished them from F. tegetiformans. Reproductive morphology and analyses of sequences of the nuclear encoded small subunit rDNA show them clustering with Sebdenia (Halymeniales). The plants are described as Crassitegula walsinghamii gen. et sp. nov., a new nemathecial member of the Sebdeniaceae.
Gerald T. Kraft - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Kappa-/beta-carrageenans from Australian red algae of the Acrotylaceae (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta)
Phycologia, 2008Co-Authors: Anthony Chiovitti, Gerald T. Kraft, Antony Bacic, David J. Craik, Ming-long LiaoAbstract:Abstract The extracellular polysaccharides of five species of the family Acrotylaceae Schmitz [Acrotylus australis J. Agardh, Amphiplexia hymenocladioides J. Agardh, Antrocentrum nigrescens (Harvey) Kraft & Min-Thein, Hennedya crispa Harvey, and Ranavalona duckerae Kraft] were shown by compositional analyses, 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to be kappa (κ)-/beta (β)-carrageenans in which the κ-carrageenan component is dominant. The uniform presence of κ-/β-carrageenans lends support to the placement of these taxa in the Acrotylaceae based on similarities of procarp structures and highly distinctive centripetally developing gonimoblasts. However, a growing body of 18S rDNA nucleotide-sequence data indicates probable polyphyly for the existing family and the relatively widespread occurrence of κ-/β-carrageenans among a number of families in the order Gigartinales. We regard these carrageenans most likely to represent a pleisiomorphic trait. One curren...
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Small-subunit rDNA sequences from representatives of selected families of the Gigartinales and Rhodymeniales (Rhodophyta). 3. Delineating the Gigartinales sensu stricto
Canadian Journal of Botany, 2004Co-Authors: Gary W. Saunders, Anthony Chiovitti, Gerald T. KraftAbstract:Nuclear small-subunit ribosomal DNA sequences were determined for 65 members of the Gigartinales and related orders. With representatives of 15 families of the Gigartinales sensu Kraft and Robins included for the first time, our alignment now includes members of all but two of the ca. 40 families. Our data continue to support ordinal status for the Plocamiales, to which we provisionally transfer the Pseudoanemoniaceae and Sarcodiaceae. The Halymeniales is retained at the ordinal level and consists of the Halymeniaceae (including the Corynomorphaceae), Sebdeniaceae, and Tsengiaceae. In the Halymeniaceae, Grateloupia intestinalis is only distantly related to the type species, Grateloupia filicina, but is closely affiliated with the genus Polyopes. The Nemastomatales is composed of the Nemastomataceae and Schizymeniaceae. The Acrosymphytaceae (now including Schimmelmannia, formerly of the Gloiosiphoniaceae) and the Calosipho niaceae (represented by Schmitzia) have unresolved affinities and are considered as ...
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PREDAEA LUCESCENS SP. NOV., A NEW COOL‐TEMPERATE AUSTRALIAN SPECIES WITH UNIQUE, UNDIFFERENTIATED NUTRITIVE FILAMENTS
Journal of Phycology, 2000Co-Authors: Gary W. Saunders, Gerald T. KraftAbstract:The red algal genus Predaea (Schizymeniaceae, Gigartinales) includes approximately a dozen species of tropical and subtropical distribution. Plants are gelatinous in consistency, and the carpogonial branches and auxiliary cells are widely separated in female gametophytes (non-procarpy). Predaea is distinguished from other red algal genera in possessing clusters of small rounded nutritive cells that are borne on the one proximal and distal two cells directly attached to the auxiliary cell. We describe a new species from cool-temperate (10–18° C yearly range) southeastern Australia that, unlike the tropical and subtropical species, lacks the typical gelatinous texture and has dwarf vegetative filaments of normally contoured cells associated with the auxiliary cell rather than small clusters of spherical nutritive cells. Anatomical and molecular data are combined to postulate the phylogenetic affinities of the new species to others of the genus, to highlight relationships of Predaea to other genera of the Schizymeniaceae, and to consider this family relative to others now placed in the Gigartinales.
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AMPLIFICATION OF THE POLYMORPHIC 5.8S rRNA GENE FROM SELECTED AUSTRALIAN GIGARTINALEAN SPECIES (RHODOPHYTA) BY POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION1
Journal of Phycology, 1991Co-Authors: Dorothy A. Steane, Bruce Mcclure, Adrienne E. Clarke, Gerald T. KraftAbstract:We have initiated comparative studies of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene structure to explore its potential to provide taxonomically useful data within the large red algal order Gigartinales. In southern Australia, this group is extremely diverse and includes large numbers of endemic taxa, many of potential economic importance. The 5.8S rRNA gene occurs in the middle region of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) cistron and is flanked by two internal transcribed spacers (ITSs). These spacers contain regions of DNA, which are highly consented at the generic level and above, interspersed with highly divergent sequences. The 5.8S and associated ITS s of 11 species of Gigartinales (including five species of the largest Australian endemic marine algal genus, Mychodea), plus five taxa belonging to other orders, were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. The size of the 5.8S rDNA and its flanking ITSs varied not only within and between genera, but also at the species level. However, this rDNA sequence appears to be relatively constant within populations find may be useful as a populational marker.
Kazuhiro Kogame - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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phylogeny and distribution of the genus pikea Gigartinales rhodophyta with special reference to p yoshizakii from korea
Phycologia, 2016Co-Authors: Ga Hun Boo, Kazuhiro Kogame, Il Ki Hwang, Kathy Ann Miller, Ga Youn Cho, Jung Yeon Kim, Sung Min BooAbstract:Abstract: Four species have been described in the genus Pikea (Dumontiaceae, Gigartinales): three species from North America and one species from Japan. However, the phylogeny and species delimitation in Pikea remain poorly resolved. Here we provide both rbcL and cox1 sequences for all species of Pikea, including the type of P. pinnata and a paratype of P. robusta. Our data reveal that P. californica, P. pinnata and P. yoshizakii are distinct in both data sets, but P. robusta is synonymous with the earlier-described P. pinnata. Morphological and molecular data show that Pikea from Korea is identical to P. yoshizakii and that the previous report of P. californica in Korea is a misidentification. The genus Pikea is well resolved in the main clade of the Dumontiaceae. This is the first study on the phylogeny of Pikea using rbcL and cox1 sequence data.
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Ahnfeltiopsis triquetrifolia sp. nov. (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) from Japan
European Journal of Phycology, 1998Co-Authors: Michio Masuda, Kazuhiro KogameAbstract:The marine red alga Ahnfeltiopsis triquetrifolia sp. nov. (Phyllophoraceae, Gigartinales) is described from Japan. Foliaceous unisexual gametophytes are characterized by having three-edged axes, and crustose tetrasporophytes are distinguished by the following combination of features: tightly coalescent perithallial filaments, nemathecial sori, small numbers of both tetrasporangia (3 or 4) and sterile cap cells (1 or 2) in each fertile filament, and the absence of hypobasal tissue. Gonimoblast filaments develop from the auxiliary cell after it has fused with a carpogonium. Carposporangia develop from gonimoblast cells, from medullary cells contacted by the gonimoblast filaments, and from the cells produced by such medullary cells. Mature, compact cystocarps are immersed within the medullary layer and discharge carpospores through carpostomes formed in the thickened cortex. Cultured tetrasporophytes were induced to sporulate by transfer from a long-day to a short-day regime at 20 °C, and one single short-da...
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Life history of Gymnogongrus griffithsiae (Phyllophoraceae, Gigartinales) from Ireland: implications for life history interpretation in the Rhodophyta*
Phycologia, 1996Co-Authors: Michio Masuda, Kazuhiro Kogame, Michael D GuiryAbstract:Abstract Tetraspores of the marine red alga Gymnogongrus griffithsiae (Turner) Martius (Phyllophoraceae, Gigartinales), the type species of the genus Gymnogongrus, gave rise in culture to erect, multiaxial, dichotomously divided thalli that developed into monoecious gametophytes. Procarps consisted of a large supporting cell and a three-celled carpogonial branch provided with a one- or two-celled sterile branchlet. Fertilized carpogonia fused with auxiliary cells, and initials of inwardly growing filaments were cut off from the auxiliary cells. Outwardly growing filaments subsequently developed from some parts of the inwardly growing filaments and directly from the auxiliary cells. They penetrated into the cortex of the erect axes and gave rise to pustule-like tetrasporoblasts, which in due course produced intercalary, seriate tetrasporangia in distinct sori. Released tetraspores developed into plants similar to those of the first generation. The relative fluorescent intensity of nuclear DNA stained with ...