The Experts below are selected from a list of 435 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Wengang Chai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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typing of blood group antigens on neutral oligosaccharides by negative ion electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry
Analytical Chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Hongtao Zhang, Shuang Zhang, Guanjun Tao, Yibing Zhang, Barbara Mulloy, Xiaobei Zhan, Wengang ChaiAbstract:Blood-group antigens, such as those containing fucose and bearing the ABO(H)- and Lewis-type determinants expressed on the carbohydrate chains of glycoproteins and glycolipids, and also on unconjugated free oligosaccharides in human milk and other secretions, are associated with various biological functions. We have previously shown the utility of negative-ion electrospay ionization tandem mass spectrometry with collision-induced dissociation (ESI-CID-MS/MS) for typing of Lewis (Le) determinants, for example, Lea, Lex, Leb, and Ley on neutral and sialylated oligosaccharide chains. In the present report, we extended the strategy to characterization of blood-group A-, B-, and H-determinants on type 1 and type 2 and also on type 4 Globoside chains to provide a high sensitivity method for typing of all the major blood-group antigens, including the A, B, H, Lea, Lex, Leb, and Ley determinants, present in oligosaccharides. Using the principles established, we identified two minor unknown oligosaccharide compone...
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Typing of Blood-Group Antigens on Neutral Oligosaccharides by Negative-Ion Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry
2013Co-Authors: Hongtao Zhang, Shuang Zhang, Guanjun Tao, Yibing Zhang, Barbara Mulloy, Xiaobei Zhan, Wengang ChaiAbstract:Blood-group antigens, such as those containing fucose and bearing the ABO(H)- and Lewis-type determinants expressed on the carbohydrate chains of glycoproteins and glycolipids, and also on unconjugated free oligosaccharides in human milk and other secretions, are associated with various biological functions. We have previously shown the utility of negative-ion electrospay ionization tandem mass spectrometry with collision-induced dissociation (ESI-CID-MS/MS) for typing of Lewis (Le) determinants, for example, Lea, Lex, Leb, and Ley on neutral and sialylated oligosaccharide chains. In the present report, we extended the strategy to characterization of blood-group A-, B-, and H-determinants on type 1 and type 2 and also on type 4 Globoside chains to provide a high sensitivity method for typing of all the major blood-group antigens, including the A, B, H, Lea, Lex, Leb, and Ley determinants, present in oligosaccharides. Using the principles established, we identified two minor unknown oligosaccharide components present in the products of enzymatic synthesis by bacterial fermentation. We also demonstrated that the unique fragmentations derived from the D- and 0,2A-type cleavages observed in ESI-CID-MS/MS, which are important for assigning blood-group and chain types, only occur under the negative-ion conditions for reducing sugars but not for reduced alditols or under positive-ion conditions
Nobuyuki Yamasaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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molecular mechanism for pore formation in lipid membranes by the hemolytic lectin cel iii from marine invertebrate cucumaria echinata
Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry, 1999Co-Authors: Haruna Kourikinagatomo, Masood Jelokhaniniaraki, Michio Kondo, Tsuguhisa Ehara, Nobuyuki YamasakiAbstract:The pore-forming activity of CEL-III, a Gal/GalNAc specific lectin from the Holothuroidea Cucumaria echinata, was examined using artificial lipid membranes as a model system of erythrocyte membrane. The carboxyfluorescein (CF)-leakage studies clearly indicated that CEL-III induced the formation of pores in the dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline (DPPC)-lactosyl ceramide (LacCer) liposomes effectively but not in the DPPC-glucosyl ceramide (GlcCer) liposomes or DPPC liposomes. Such a leakage of CF was strongly inhibited by lactose, a potent inhibitor of CEL-III, suggesting that the leakage is mediated through the specific binding of CEL-III to the carbohydrate chains on the surface of the liposomes. The leakage of CF from the DPPC-lactosyl ceramide liposomes was pH-dependent, and it increased with increasing pH. The immunoblotting analysis and circular dichroism data indicated that upon interaction with liposomes, CEL-III associated to form an oligomer concomitantly with a marked conformational change. Furthermore, channel measurements showed that CEL-III has an ability to form small ion channels in the planar lipid bilayers consisting of diphytanoylphosphatidylcholine and human Globoside (Gb4Cer)/LacCer.
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interaction of the hemolytic lectin cel iii from the marine invertebrate cucumaria echinata with the erythrocyte membrane
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1995Co-Authors: Haruna Nagatomo, Nobuyuki YamasakiAbstract:CEL-III is one of four Ca(2+)-dependent galactose/N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)-binding lectins from the marine invertebrate Cucumaria echinata which exhibits hemolytic activity, especially toward rabbit and human erythrocytes. The hemolytic activity of CEL-III was also Ca(2+)-dependent and was found to be inhibited by galactose or GalNAc-containing carbohydrates, suggesting that the hemolysis was caused by CEL-III binding to specific carbohydrates on the erythrocyte membrane by Ca(2+)-dependent lectin activity, followed by partial destruction of the membrane. The activity of CEL-III was highest at 10 degrees C and decreased markedly with increasing temperature, unlike usual enzymatic reactions. The hemolytic activity of CEL-III increased with increasing pH from neutral to 10, but almost no hemolysis was observed below pH 6.5. Immunoblotting analysis of proteins from the erythrocyte membrane after treatment with CEL-III indicated that CEL-III aggregates were irreversibly bound to the membrane. When erythrocytes were incubated with CEL-III in the presence of dextran with molecular masses greater than 4 kDa, lysis was impeded considerably, while a concomitant release of ATP was detected from these osmotically protected cells. It was found that CEL-III released carboxyfluorescein from artificial Globoside-containing lipid vesicles, and it is suggested that CEL-III is a novel pore-forming protein with the characteristics of a Ca(2+)-dependent lectin, which may act as a toxic protein to foreign microorganisms.
Hongtao Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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typing of blood group antigens on neutral oligosaccharides by negative ion electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry
Analytical Chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Hongtao Zhang, Shuang Zhang, Guanjun Tao, Yibing Zhang, Barbara Mulloy, Xiaobei Zhan, Wengang ChaiAbstract:Blood-group antigens, such as those containing fucose and bearing the ABO(H)- and Lewis-type determinants expressed on the carbohydrate chains of glycoproteins and glycolipids, and also on unconjugated free oligosaccharides in human milk and other secretions, are associated with various biological functions. We have previously shown the utility of negative-ion electrospay ionization tandem mass spectrometry with collision-induced dissociation (ESI-CID-MS/MS) for typing of Lewis (Le) determinants, for example, Lea, Lex, Leb, and Ley on neutral and sialylated oligosaccharide chains. In the present report, we extended the strategy to characterization of blood-group A-, B-, and H-determinants on type 1 and type 2 and also on type 4 Globoside chains to provide a high sensitivity method for typing of all the major blood-group antigens, including the A, B, H, Lea, Lex, Leb, and Ley determinants, present in oligosaccharides. Using the principles established, we identified two minor unknown oligosaccharide compone...
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Typing of Blood-Group Antigens on Neutral Oligosaccharides by Negative-Ion Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry
2013Co-Authors: Hongtao Zhang, Shuang Zhang, Guanjun Tao, Yibing Zhang, Barbara Mulloy, Xiaobei Zhan, Wengang ChaiAbstract:Blood-group antigens, such as those containing fucose and bearing the ABO(H)- and Lewis-type determinants expressed on the carbohydrate chains of glycoproteins and glycolipids, and also on unconjugated free oligosaccharides in human milk and other secretions, are associated with various biological functions. We have previously shown the utility of negative-ion electrospay ionization tandem mass spectrometry with collision-induced dissociation (ESI-CID-MS/MS) for typing of Lewis (Le) determinants, for example, Lea, Lex, Leb, and Ley on neutral and sialylated oligosaccharide chains. In the present report, we extended the strategy to characterization of blood-group A-, B-, and H-determinants on type 1 and type 2 and also on type 4 Globoside chains to provide a high sensitivity method for typing of all the major blood-group antigens, including the A, B, H, Lea, Lex, Leb, and Ley determinants, present in oligosaccharides. Using the principles established, we identified two minor unknown oligosaccharide components present in the products of enzymatic synthesis by bacterial fermentation. We also demonstrated that the unique fragmentations derived from the D- and 0,2A-type cleavages observed in ESI-CID-MS/MS, which are important for assigning blood-group and chain types, only occur under the negative-ion conditions for reducing sugars but not for reduced alditols or under positive-ion conditions
Andreas Schötzau - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Transition of Mesenchymal and Epithelial Cancer Cells Depends on α1-4 Galactosyltransferase-Mediated Glycosphingolipids.
Cancer Research, 2018Co-Authors: Francis Jacob, Martina Konantz, Ching Yeu Liang, Reto S. Kohler, Arun V. Everest-dass, Yen-lin Huang, Natalie Rimmer, Shahidul Alam, André Fedier, Andreas SchötzauAbstract:The reversible transitions of cancer cells between epithelial and mesenchymal states comprise cellular and molecular processes essential for local tumor growth and respective dissemination. We report here that Globoside glycosphingolipid (GSL) glycosyltransferase-encoding genes are elevated in epithelial cells and correlate with characteristic EMT signatures predictive of disease outcome. Depletion of Globosides through CRISPR-Cas9-mediated deletion of the key enzyme A4GALT induces EMT, enhances chemoresistance, and increased CD24low/CD44high cells. The cholera toxin-induced mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition occurred only in cells with functional A4GALT. Cells undergoing EMT lost E-cadherin expression through epigenetic silencing at the promoter region of CDH1. However, in ΔA4GALT cells, demethylation was able to rescue E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion only in the presence of exogenous A4GALT. Overall, our data suggest another class of biomolecules vital for epithelial cancer cells and for maintaining cell integrity and function.
Christoph Kempf - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Globoside receptor triggers structural changes in the B19 virus capsid that facilitate virus internalization
2016Co-Authors: Christoph Zuercher, Patricia Lieby, Christoph Kempf, Carlos RosAbstract:Globoside (Gb4Cer), Ku80 autoantigen, and 51 integrin have been identified as cell receptors/coreceptors for human parvovirus B19 (B19V), but their role and mechanism of interaction with the virus are largely unknown. In UT7/Epo cells, expression of Gb4Cer and CD49e (integrin alpha-5) was high, but expression of Ku80 was insignificant. B19V colocalized with Gb4Cer and, to a lesser extent, with CD49e. However, only anti-Gb4Cer antibodies could disturb virus attachment. Only a small proportion of cell-bound viruses were internalized, while the majority became detached from the receptor. When added to uninfected cells, the receptor-detached virus showed superior cell binding capacity and infectivity. Attachment of B19V to cells triggered conformational changes in the capsid leading to the accessibility of the N terminus of VP1 (VP1u) to antibodies, which was maintained in the receptor-detached virus. VP1u became similarly accessible to anti-bodies following incubation of B19V particles with increasing concentrations of purified Gb4Cer. The receptor-mediated exposure of VP1u is critical for virus internalization, since capsids lacking VP1 could bind to cells but were not internalized. Moreover, an antibody against the N terminus of VP1u disturbed virus internal-ization, but only when present during and not after virus attachment, indicating the involvement of this region in binding events required for internalization. These results suggest that Gb4Cer is not only the primary receptor for B19V attachment but also the mediator of capsid rearrangements required for subsequen
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Parvovirus B19 Uptake Is a Highly Selective Process Controlled by VP1u, a Novel Determinant of Viral Tropism
Journal of virology, 2013Co-Authors: Remo Leisi, Christoph Kempf, Nico Ruprecht, Carlos RosAbstract:The VP1 unique region (VP1u) of human parvovirus B19 (B19V) is the immunodominant part of the viral capsid. Originally inaccessible, the VP1u becomes exposed upon primary attachment to the Globoside receptor. To study the function of the exposed VP1u in B19V uptake, we expressed this region as a recombinant protein. Here, we report that purified recombinant VP1u binds and is internalized in UT7/Epo cells. By means of truncations and specific antibodies, we identified the most N-terminal amino acid residues of VP1u as the essential region for binding and internalization. Furthermore, the recombinant VP1u was able to block B19V uptake, suggesting that the protein and the virus undertake the same internalization pathway. Assays with different erythroid and nonerythroid cell lines showed that the N-terminal VP1u binding was restricted to a few cell lines of the erythroid lineage, which were also the only cells that allowed B19V internalization and infection. These results together indicate that the N-terminal region of VP1u is responsible for the internalization of the virus and that the interacting receptor is restricted to B19V-susceptible cells. The highly selective uptake mechanism represents a novel determinant of the tropism and pathogenesis of B19V.
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The Globoside Receptor Triggers Structural Changes in the B19 Virus Capsid That Facilitate Virus Internalization
Journal of Virology, 2010Co-Authors: Claudia Bönsch, Patricia Lieby, Christoph Zuercher, Christoph KempfAbstract:Globoside (Gb4Cer), Ku80 autoantigen, and α5β1 integrin have been identified as cell receptors/coreceptors for human parvovirus B19 (B19V), but their role and mechanism of interaction with the virus are largely unknown. In UT7/Epo cells, expression of Gb4Cer and CD49e (integrin alpha-5) was high, but expression of Ku80 was insignificant. B19V colocalized with Gb4Cer and, to a lesser extent, with CD49e. However, only anti-Gb4Cer antibodies could disturb virus attachment. Only a small proportion of cell-bound viruses were internalized, while the majority became detached from the receptor. When added to uninfected cells, the receptor-detached virus showed superior cell binding capacity and infectivity. Attachment of B19V to cells triggered conformational changes in the capsid leading to the accessibility of the N terminus of VP1 (VP1u) to antibodies, which was maintained in the receptor-detached virus. VP1u became similarly accessible to antibodies following incubation of B19V particles with increasing concentrations of purified Gb4Cer. The receptor-mediated exposure of VP1u is critical for virus internalization, since capsids lacking VP1 could bind to cells but were not internalized. Moreover, an antibody against the N terminus of VP1u disturbed virus internalization, but only when present during and not after virus attachment, indicating the involvement of this region in binding events required for internalization. These results suggest that Gb4Cer is not only the primary receptor for B19V attachment but also the mediator of capsid rearrangements required for subsequent interactions leading to virus internalization. The capacity of the virus to detach and reattach again would enhance the probability of productive infections.