The Experts below are selected from a list of 1065 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Begona Bartolome - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dynamic gastrointestinal digestion of Grape Pomace Extracts bioaccessible phenolic metabolites and impact on human gut microbiota
Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 2017Co-Authors: Irene Gilsanchez, Carolina Cueva, Marisa Sanzbuenhombre, Alberto Guadarrama, Victoria M Morenoarribas, Begona BartolomeAbstract:Abstract Grape Pomace is a winery by-product rich in polyphenols and dietary fibre, two food constituents in whose bioaccessibility gut microbiota is implicated. To overcome the limitations of in vivo studies concerning difficult access to proximal regions of the colon, this paper reports, for the first time, the in vitro colonic digestion of Grape Pomace Extracts (GPEs) using a dynamic gastrointestinal digestion model. Experiments consisted in the inoculation of the simgi ® model with faecal microbiota from healthy volunteers, and further feeding of the system with a single (acute feeding of 700 mg) and continuous (chronic feeding of 700 mg/day; 14 days) dose of GPE. Two independent experiments with faecal microbiota from two volunteers (#1 and #2) were carried out. Results were determined in terms of microbial functionality [phenolic metabolites, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and ammonium ion] and composition (plate counting and qPCR) in the different simgi ® compartments (ascending, transverse and descending colon). Different benzoic, phenylacetic and phenylpropionic acids were found as the main bioaccessible phenolic metabolites released from GPE. As an indicator of microbial fermentative activity, a significant increase (p 0.05) were observed during chronic feeding for both experiments. Also, during the chronic feeding, the main bacteria groups increased (p Lactobacillus and Bacteroides groups. Additionally, a bacteria strain capable of metabolizing (−)-epicatechin gallate, a phenolic compound characteristic of Grapes and wine, was isolated from the simgi ® stable microbiota and was identified as Raoultella ornithinolytica or Raoultella planticola .
Richard G Maroun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the impact of long term intake of phenolic compounds rich Grape Pomace on rat gut microbiota
Journal of Food Science, 2018Co-Authors: Stephanie Chacar, Tarek Itani, Joelle Hajal, Youakim Saliba, Nicolas Louka, Jeanfrancois Faivre, Richard G Maroun, Nassim FaresAbstract:The aim of this work is to evaluate the impact on the rat microbiota of long-term feeding with phenolic compounds (PC) rich Grape Pomace Extracts. Thirty, 2-mo-old rats, were divided into 5 groups. Four groups were treated with different concentrations of PC (2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg/d diluted in 0.1% DMSO), and 1 group received 0.1% Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) alone (control group). The daily treatment lasted 14 mo. Major phenolic compounds constituents were characterized by the high-performance liquid chromatography and free radical scavenging capacity was measured by means of the DPPH assay. Fecal samples from young rats (2-mo old), and rats daily fed with PC or DMSO were collected at 6 and 14 mo posttreatment. The gut microbiota composition was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Bifidobacteriumwas significantly higher in the groups PC 2.5 and PC 5 than in control and young rats. Lactobacillusdecreased with time in all treated and untreated groups. Bacteroides, Clostridium leptumsubgroup (Clostridium cluster IV), and Enterococcuswere not significantly changed by PC at any concentration when compared to control; nevertheless, after 14 mo of treatment all concentrations of PC abolished the increase of Clostridium sensu stricto(cluster I) (ClostridiumCluster I) observed in the control group when compared to young rats. PC do modulate selectively rat gut microbiome to a healthier phenotype in long-term feeding rats, and could counteract the adverse outcomes of aging on gut bacterial population. This research shows that phenolic-rich Grape Pomace Extracts exhibiting a high antioxidant activity, selectively modulate rat gut microbiota to a healthier phenotype within age in a long-term feeding rats.
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Identification of Phenolic Compounds-Rich Grape Pomace Extracts Urine Metabolites and Correlation with Gut Microbiota Modulation
MDPI AG, 2018Co-Authors: Stephanie Chacar, Nicolas Louka, Jeanfrancois Faivre, Nassim Fares, Mehrad Tarighi, Richard G MarounAbstract:The high diversity of phenolic compounds (PC) found in food matrices makes it challenging to analyze their bioavailability and their impact on health and functional metabolism. It is well recognized that PC do modulate the composition of the gut microbiota (GM), however, the literature still lacks significant data concerning the link between the metabolic fate of the ingested compounds and their bioactivity, mainly when considering the secondary metabolites produced. In this study, we assessed the metabolic fate of PC for a period covering 14 months of daily intake to identify the metabolites that could be responsible for the effects of PC on the GM observed in our previous work. Urinary analysis of polyphenol metabolites was performed using a high resolution mass spectrometry LC-QTOF-MS method. Among the sixteen metabolites identified, 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid were detected simultaneously and, therefore, correlated with the growth of Bifidobacterium in the rat GM. In addition, Daidzedin, detected only at 14 months post-treatment, mostly interfered with the growth inhibition of Clostridium (Cluster I). In conclusion, the impact of the long-term intake of PC on rat GM seems to be related to specific metabolites produced after ingestion of the parental compounds and this may also be due to their additional synergistic effects
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effect of the drying process on the intensification of phenolic compounds recovery from Grape Pomace using accelerated solvent extraction
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Hiba N Rajha, Nicolas Louka, Eugene Vorobiev, Walter Ziegler, Zeina Hobaika, Herbert Boechzelt, Richard G MarounAbstract:In light of their environmental and economic interests, food byproducts have been increasingly exploited and valorized for their richness in dietary fibers and antioxidants. Phenolic compounds are antioxidant bioactive molecules highly present in Grape byproducts. Herein, the accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) of phenolic compounds from wet and dried Grape Pomace, at 45 °C, was conducted and the highest phenolic compounds yield (PCY) for wet (16.2 g GAE/100 g DM) and dry (7.28 g GAE/100 g DM) Grape Pomace Extracts were obtained with 70% ethanol/water solvent at 140 °C. The PCY obtained from wet Pomace was up to two times better compared to the dry byproduct and up to 15 times better compared to the same food matrices treated with conventional methods. With regard to Resveratrol, the corresponding dry Pomace extract had a better free radical scavenging activity (49.12%) than the wet extract (39.8%). The drying pretreatment process seems to ameliorate the antiradical activity, especially when the extraction by ASE is performed at temperatures above 100 °C. HPLC-DAD analysis showed that the diversity of the flavonoid and the non-flavonoid compounds found in the Extracts was seriously affected by the extraction temperature and the pretreatment of the raw material. This diversity seems to play a key role in the scavenging activity demonstrated by the Extracts. Our results emphasize on ASE usage as a promising method for the preparation of highly concentrated and bioactive phenolic Extracts that could be used in several industrial applications.
Irene Gilsanchez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dynamic gastrointestinal digestion of Grape Pomace Extracts bioaccessible phenolic metabolites and impact on human gut microbiota
Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 2017Co-Authors: Irene Gilsanchez, Carolina Cueva, Marisa Sanzbuenhombre, Alberto Guadarrama, Victoria M Morenoarribas, Begona BartolomeAbstract:Abstract Grape Pomace is a winery by-product rich in polyphenols and dietary fibre, two food constituents in whose bioaccessibility gut microbiota is implicated. To overcome the limitations of in vivo studies concerning difficult access to proximal regions of the colon, this paper reports, for the first time, the in vitro colonic digestion of Grape Pomace Extracts (GPEs) using a dynamic gastrointestinal digestion model. Experiments consisted in the inoculation of the simgi ® model with faecal microbiota from healthy volunteers, and further feeding of the system with a single (acute feeding of 700 mg) and continuous (chronic feeding of 700 mg/day; 14 days) dose of GPE. Two independent experiments with faecal microbiota from two volunteers (#1 and #2) were carried out. Results were determined in terms of microbial functionality [phenolic metabolites, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and ammonium ion] and composition (plate counting and qPCR) in the different simgi ® compartments (ascending, transverse and descending colon). Different benzoic, phenylacetic and phenylpropionic acids were found as the main bioaccessible phenolic metabolites released from GPE. As an indicator of microbial fermentative activity, a significant increase (p 0.05) were observed during chronic feeding for both experiments. Also, during the chronic feeding, the main bacteria groups increased (p Lactobacillus and Bacteroides groups. Additionally, a bacteria strain capable of metabolizing (−)-epicatechin gallate, a phenolic compound characteristic of Grapes and wine, was isolated from the simgi ® stable microbiota and was identified as Raoultella ornithinolytica or Raoultella planticola .
Nassim Fares - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the impact of long term intake of phenolic compounds rich Grape Pomace on rat gut microbiota
Journal of Food Science, 2018Co-Authors: Stephanie Chacar, Tarek Itani, Joelle Hajal, Youakim Saliba, Nicolas Louka, Jeanfrancois Faivre, Richard G Maroun, Nassim FaresAbstract:The aim of this work is to evaluate the impact on the rat microbiota of long-term feeding with phenolic compounds (PC) rich Grape Pomace Extracts. Thirty, 2-mo-old rats, were divided into 5 groups. Four groups were treated with different concentrations of PC (2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg/d diluted in 0.1% DMSO), and 1 group received 0.1% Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) alone (control group). The daily treatment lasted 14 mo. Major phenolic compounds constituents were characterized by the high-performance liquid chromatography and free radical scavenging capacity was measured by means of the DPPH assay. Fecal samples from young rats (2-mo old), and rats daily fed with PC or DMSO were collected at 6 and 14 mo posttreatment. The gut microbiota composition was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Bifidobacteriumwas significantly higher in the groups PC 2.5 and PC 5 than in control and young rats. Lactobacillusdecreased with time in all treated and untreated groups. Bacteroides, Clostridium leptumsubgroup (Clostridium cluster IV), and Enterococcuswere not significantly changed by PC at any concentration when compared to control; nevertheless, after 14 mo of treatment all concentrations of PC abolished the increase of Clostridium sensu stricto(cluster I) (ClostridiumCluster I) observed in the control group when compared to young rats. PC do modulate selectively rat gut microbiome to a healthier phenotype in long-term feeding rats, and could counteract the adverse outcomes of aging on gut bacterial population. This research shows that phenolic-rich Grape Pomace Extracts exhibiting a high antioxidant activity, selectively modulate rat gut microbiota to a healthier phenotype within age in a long-term feeding rats.
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Identification of Phenolic Compounds-Rich Grape Pomace Extracts Urine Metabolites and Correlation with Gut Microbiota Modulation
MDPI AG, 2018Co-Authors: Stephanie Chacar, Nicolas Louka, Jeanfrancois Faivre, Nassim Fares, Mehrad Tarighi, Richard G MarounAbstract:The high diversity of phenolic compounds (PC) found in food matrices makes it challenging to analyze their bioavailability and their impact on health and functional metabolism. It is well recognized that PC do modulate the composition of the gut microbiota (GM), however, the literature still lacks significant data concerning the link between the metabolic fate of the ingested compounds and their bioactivity, mainly when considering the secondary metabolites produced. In this study, we assessed the metabolic fate of PC for a period covering 14 months of daily intake to identify the metabolites that could be responsible for the effects of PC on the GM observed in our previous work. Urinary analysis of polyphenol metabolites was performed using a high resolution mass spectrometry LC-QTOF-MS method. Among the sixteen metabolites identified, 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid were detected simultaneously and, therefore, correlated with the growth of Bifidobacterium in the rat GM. In addition, Daidzedin, detected only at 14 months post-treatment, mostly interfered with the growth inhibition of Clostridium (Cluster I). In conclusion, the impact of the long-term intake of PC on rat GM seems to be related to specific metabolites produced after ingestion of the parental compounds and this may also be due to their additional synergistic effects
Nicolas Louka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the impact of long term intake of phenolic compounds rich Grape Pomace on rat gut microbiota
Journal of Food Science, 2018Co-Authors: Stephanie Chacar, Tarek Itani, Joelle Hajal, Youakim Saliba, Nicolas Louka, Jeanfrancois Faivre, Richard G Maroun, Nassim FaresAbstract:The aim of this work is to evaluate the impact on the rat microbiota of long-term feeding with phenolic compounds (PC) rich Grape Pomace Extracts. Thirty, 2-mo-old rats, were divided into 5 groups. Four groups were treated with different concentrations of PC (2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg/d diluted in 0.1% DMSO), and 1 group received 0.1% Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) alone (control group). The daily treatment lasted 14 mo. Major phenolic compounds constituents were characterized by the high-performance liquid chromatography and free radical scavenging capacity was measured by means of the DPPH assay. Fecal samples from young rats (2-mo old), and rats daily fed with PC or DMSO were collected at 6 and 14 mo posttreatment. The gut microbiota composition was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Bifidobacteriumwas significantly higher in the groups PC 2.5 and PC 5 than in control and young rats. Lactobacillusdecreased with time in all treated and untreated groups. Bacteroides, Clostridium leptumsubgroup (Clostridium cluster IV), and Enterococcuswere not significantly changed by PC at any concentration when compared to control; nevertheless, after 14 mo of treatment all concentrations of PC abolished the increase of Clostridium sensu stricto(cluster I) (ClostridiumCluster I) observed in the control group when compared to young rats. PC do modulate selectively rat gut microbiome to a healthier phenotype in long-term feeding rats, and could counteract the adverse outcomes of aging on gut bacterial population. This research shows that phenolic-rich Grape Pomace Extracts exhibiting a high antioxidant activity, selectively modulate rat gut microbiota to a healthier phenotype within age in a long-term feeding rats.
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Identification of Phenolic Compounds-Rich Grape Pomace Extracts Urine Metabolites and Correlation with Gut Microbiota Modulation
MDPI AG, 2018Co-Authors: Stephanie Chacar, Nicolas Louka, Jeanfrancois Faivre, Nassim Fares, Mehrad Tarighi, Richard G MarounAbstract:The high diversity of phenolic compounds (PC) found in food matrices makes it challenging to analyze their bioavailability and their impact on health and functional metabolism. It is well recognized that PC do modulate the composition of the gut microbiota (GM), however, the literature still lacks significant data concerning the link between the metabolic fate of the ingested compounds and their bioactivity, mainly when considering the secondary metabolites produced. In this study, we assessed the metabolic fate of PC for a period covering 14 months of daily intake to identify the metabolites that could be responsible for the effects of PC on the GM observed in our previous work. Urinary analysis of polyphenol metabolites was performed using a high resolution mass spectrometry LC-QTOF-MS method. Among the sixteen metabolites identified, 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid were detected simultaneously and, therefore, correlated with the growth of Bifidobacterium in the rat GM. In addition, Daidzedin, detected only at 14 months post-treatment, mostly interfered with the growth inhibition of Clostridium (Cluster I). In conclusion, the impact of the long-term intake of PC on rat GM seems to be related to specific metabolites produced after ingestion of the parental compounds and this may also be due to their additional synergistic effects
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effect of the drying process on the intensification of phenolic compounds recovery from Grape Pomace using accelerated solvent extraction
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Hiba N Rajha, Nicolas Louka, Eugene Vorobiev, Walter Ziegler, Zeina Hobaika, Herbert Boechzelt, Richard G MarounAbstract:In light of their environmental and economic interests, food byproducts have been increasingly exploited and valorized for their richness in dietary fibers and antioxidants. Phenolic compounds are antioxidant bioactive molecules highly present in Grape byproducts. Herein, the accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) of phenolic compounds from wet and dried Grape Pomace, at 45 °C, was conducted and the highest phenolic compounds yield (PCY) for wet (16.2 g GAE/100 g DM) and dry (7.28 g GAE/100 g DM) Grape Pomace Extracts were obtained with 70% ethanol/water solvent at 140 °C. The PCY obtained from wet Pomace was up to two times better compared to the dry byproduct and up to 15 times better compared to the same food matrices treated with conventional methods. With regard to Resveratrol, the corresponding dry Pomace extract had a better free radical scavenging activity (49.12%) than the wet extract (39.8%). The drying pretreatment process seems to ameliorate the antiradical activity, especially when the extraction by ASE is performed at temperatures above 100 °C. HPLC-DAD analysis showed that the diversity of the flavonoid and the non-flavonoid compounds found in the Extracts was seriously affected by the extraction temperature and the pretreatment of the raw material. This diversity seems to play a key role in the scavenging activity demonstrated by the Extracts. Our results emphasize on ASE usage as a promising method for the preparation of highly concentrated and bioactive phenolic Extracts that could be used in several industrial applications.
