The Experts below are selected from a list of 305676 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Manfred Lenzen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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life cycle energy and Greenhouse Gas emissions of nuclear energy a review
Energy Conversion and Management, 2008Co-Authors: Manfred LenzenAbstract:The increased urgency of dealing with mitigation of the looming climate change has sparked renewed interest in the nuclear energy option. There exists a substantial stream of research on the amount of embodied energy and Greenhouse Gas emissions associated with nuclear generated electricity. While conventional fossil fuelled power plants cause emissions almost exclusively from the plant site, the majority of Greenhouse Gas emissions in the nuclear fuel cycle are caused in processing stages upstream and downstream from the plant. This paper distils the findings from a comprehensive literature review of energy and Greenhouse Gas emissions in the nuclear fuel cycle and determines some of the causes for the widely varying results. The most popular reactor types, LWR and HWR, need between 0.1 and 0.3 kWhth, and on average about 0.2 kWhth for every kWh of electricity generated. These energy intensities translate into Greenhouse Gas intensities for LWR and HWR of between 10 and 130 g CO2e/kWhel, with an average of 65 g CO2-e/kWhel. While these Greenhouse Gases are expectedly lower than those of fossil technologies (typically 600–1200 g CO2-e/kWhel), they are higher than reported figures for wind turbines and hydroelectricity (around 15–25 g CO2-e/kWhel) and in the order of, or slightly lower than, solar photovoltaic or solar thermal power (around 90 g CO2-e/kWhel). 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Su Mingshan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The research progress on Greenhouse Gas inventory methods
Progress in geography, 2013Co-Authors: Su MingshanAbstract:Greenhouse Gas inventory provides emission and absorption data and plays a fundamental role in the establishment and evaluation of the policies and measures in response to climate change.Although United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change has implemented a national Greenhouse Gas inventory method based on producer responsibility,many studies suggest that the method has the problem of"carbon leakage",namely,letting the developed countries evade the responsibility of reducing carbon emissions,in addition to other issues,and put forward other inventory methods.This paper classifies the current Greenhouse Gas inventory estimate methods into three categories,including producer responsibility method,consumer responsibility method and shared responsibility method,and furthermore summarizes multiple methods in the three categories.The principle,advantages and limits of the methods are analyzed by graphs,charts and data.Based on the current analysis,producer responsibility method will still be the recommended national Greenhouse Gas inventory method in the near future.Lastly,we propose to strengthen the studies of consumer responsibility method and shared responsibility method in China,establish and improve statistical data,and try to develop provincial level Greenhouse Gas inventory by consumer responsibility method as a supplement.
Thomas Lauvaux - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Under-reporting of Greenhouse Gas emissions in U.S. cities.
Nature communications, 2021Co-Authors: Kevin Robert Gurney, Jianming Liang, Geoffrey Roest, Yang Song, Kimberly Mueller, Thomas LauvauxAbstract:Cities dominate Greenhouse Gas emissions. Many have generated self-reported emission inventories, but their value to emissions mitigation depends on their accuracy, which remains untested. Here, we compare self-reported inventories from 48 US cities to independent estimates from the Vulcan carbon dioxide emissions data product, which is consistent with atmospheric measurements. We found that cities under-report their own Greenhouse Gas emissions, on average, by 18.3% (range: -145.5% to +63.5%) - a difference which if extrapolated to all U.S. cities, exceeds California's total emissions by 23.5%. Differences arise because city inventories omit particular fuels and source types and estimate transportation emissions differently. These results raise concerns about self-reported inventories in planning or assessing emissions, and warrant consideration of the new urban Greenhouse Gas information system recently developed by the scientific community.
Nawshad Haque - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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energy and Greenhouse Gas impacts of mining and mineral processing operations
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2010Co-Authors: Terry Norgate, Nawshad HaqueAbstract:Abstract Life cycle assessments of the mining and mineral processing of iron ore, bauxite and copper concentrate were carried out, focussing on embodied energy and Greenhouse Gas emissions. The results showed that loading and hauling make the largest contributions to the total Greenhouse Gas emissions for the mining and processing of iron ore and bauxite. In the case of copper ore, the crushing and grinding steps make the largest contribution to the total Greenhouse Gas emissions for the production of copper concentrate. These results indicate that efforts to reduce the increased Greenhouse Gas emissions from mining and mineral processing, anticipated in the future as a result of falling ore grades and more finer-grained deposits, should focus on loading and hauling for iron ore and bauxite, while for copper ore the focus should be on grinding. There are a number of new and emerging technologies that could be expected to assist in this task, and these include high pressure grinding rolls and stirred mills for grinding, and further advances in diesel engine technology for loading and hauling applications.
Eugene A Rosa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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human drivers of national Greenhouse Gas emissions
Nature Climate Change, 2012Co-Authors: Eugene A Rosa, Thomas DietzAbstract:Human stress on the environment has long been debated and different views about the human drivers of Greenhouse-Gas emissions have emerged. Now research synthesizes the debate by looking at empirical evidence and offers new insights on the role of human population, affluence, urbanization, trade, culture and institutions on Greenhouse-Gas emissions trends. Centuries of speculation about the causes of human stress on the environment is now being disciplined with empirical evidence, including analyses of differences in Greenhouse-Gas emissions across contemporary nation states. The cumulative results can provide useful guidance for both climate projections and for policy design. Growing human population and affluence clearly contribute to enhanced environmental stress. Evidence does not support the argument for amelioration of Greenhouse-Gas emissions at the highest levels of affluence. However, the role of other factors, such as urbanization, trade, culture and institutions remains ambiguous.
