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Jiayong Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the complete mitochondrial genomes of four cockroaches insecta blattodea and phylogenetic analyses within cockroaches
Gene, 2016Co-Authors: Xuefang Cheng, Leping Zhang, Danna Yu, Jiayong ZhangAbstract:Abstract Three complete mitochondrial genomes of Blaberidae (Insecta: Blattodea) ( Gromphadorhina portentosa , Panchlora nivea , Blaptica dubia ) and one complete mt genome of Blattidae (Insecta: Blattodea) ( Shelfordella lateralis ) were sequenced to further understand the characteristics of cockroach mitogenomes and reconstruct the phylogenetic relationship of Blattodea. The gene order and orientation of these four cockroach genomes were similar to known cockroach mt genomes, and contained 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes and one control region. The mt genomes of Blattodea exhibited a characteristics of a high A + T composition (70.7%–74.3%) and dominant usage of the TAA stop codon. The AT content of the whole mt genome, PCGs and total tRNAs in G. portentosa was the lowest in known cockroaches. The presence of a 71-bp intergenic spacer region between trnQ and trnM was a unique feature in B. dubia , but absent in other cockroaches, which can be explained by the duplication/random loss model. Based on the nucleotide and amino acid datasets of the 13 PCGs genes, neighbor-joining (NJ), maximum parsimony (MP), maximum likelihood (ML) and bayesian inference (BI) analyses were used to rebuild the phylogenetic relationship of cockroaches. All phylogenetic analyses consistently placed Isoptera as the sister cluster to Cryptocercidae of Blattodea. Ectobiidae and Blaberidae (Blaberoidea) formed a sister clade to Blattidae. Corydiidae is a sister clade of all the remaining cockroach species with a high value in NJ and MP analyses of nucleotide and amino acid datasets, and ML and BI analyses of the amino acid dataset.
Patrícia Dáwylla De Freitas Soares - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hematologia e histopatologia de codornas de corte alimentadas com farinha de barata de Madagascar
'Revista da Faculdade de Direito da UFMG', 2019Co-Authors: Patrícia Dáwylla De Freitas SoaresAbstract:Exportado OPUSMade available in DSpace on 2019-08-13T17:29:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 disserta__o_final_patricia_dawylla_de_freitas_soares___pdf.pdf: 992949 bytes, checksum: 9906e2ee092b2b82d99707148d0466a4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 25A procura por dietas alternativas torna-se fundamental na indústria avícola visando tornar o porcesso de produção mais econômico e sustentável. Nesse sentido, a inclusão de insetos na dieta de animais vem sendo estudada. Objetivou-se avaliar o perfil sanguíneo e características histológicas de codornas de corte alimentadas com diferentes níveis de inclusão de farinha de barata de Madagascar (Gromphadorhina portentosa) em suas dietas. Para realização da pesquisa, foram utilizados quatro níveis de inclusão de farinha de barata Madagascar (FBM) na alimentação das codornas (0; 6; 12; e 18%) e seis repetições com 13 aves por unidade experimental, em que duas aves foram amostradas aleatoriamente para as avaliações. A média geral de eritrócitos para os 4 (quatro) tratamentos foi 3.97x103 mm3. Os valores mínimos e máximos gerais observados foram 3,10/4,84; 13,30/16,10; 40,00/48,00; 91,30/138,70; 30,40/46,10 para eritrócitos, hemoglobina, hematócrito, volume corpuscular médio e hemoglobina corpuscular média, respectivamente. Os valores de leucócitos das aves deste experimento variaram de 16.5 a 17.7x103/mm3. Os valores gerais médios observados para os eosinófilos, linfócitos e monócitos foram 3,65%; 46,08% e 6,56% respectivamente. Não houve efeito da inclusão da farinha da barata de Madagascar na dieta sobre os parâmetros sanguíneos e histológicos avaliados. A inclusão de farinha da barata de Madagascar não causa alterações nos parâmetros sanguíneos e histológicos de codornas de corte até 35 dias de idade. Dessa forma, sugere-se que o ingrediente possa ser utilizado como fonte alternativa de alimento sem prejuízo à saúde das aves.The demand for alternative diets becomes critical in the poultry industry aiming to make the process of production more economical and sustainable. In this sense, the inclusion of insects in animals diet has been studied. We aimed with this study to evaluate the blood profile and histological traits of meat type quails fed diets with inclusion of different levels of Madagascar cockroach meal (Gromphadorhina portentosa). The experiment has a completely randomized design. Four levels of Madagascar cockroach (FBM) were used to feed the quails (0, 6, 12 and 18%) with six replicates each and 13 birds per experimental unit, in which two birds were randomly sampled for evaluations. The overall mean of erythrocytes for the four treatments was 3.97x103mm3. The general minimum and maximum values observed were 31.10 / 4.84; 13.60 / 16.10; 40.00 / 48.00; 91.30 / 138.70; 30,40 / 46,10 for erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin, respectively. The leukocyte values of the birds ranged from 16.5 to 17.7x103 / mm 3. The average values observed for eosinophils, lymphocytes and monocytes were 3.65%; 46.08% and 6.56%, respectively. There was no effect of inclusion of insect meal in the diet on the blood and histological evaluated parameters. The inclusion of Madagascar cockroach flour does not cause changes in blood and histological parameters of meat type quails up to 35 days of age. Thus, it is suggested that this ingredient can be used as an alternative food without prejudice to the health of the birds
André Faria Pôrto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Atributos sensoriais da carne de codorna de corte alimentada com farinha de barata de Madagascar
'Revista da Faculdade de Direito da UFMG', 2018Co-Authors: André Faria PôrtoAbstract:Exportado OPUSMade available in DSpace on 2019-08-12T05:43:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 andr__porto_final_imprimir.pdf: 507516 bytes, checksum: 7bc22743a0fb4e5e335dea05d8c139c9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 5Este estudo avaliou o efeito da inclusão de farinha de Barata de Madagascar (Gromphadorhina portentosa) em dietas para codornas europeias sobre atributos sensoriais por meio de testes de aceitação, intenção de consumo, intenção de compra e teste triangular. Utilizou-se de 234 codornas de corte da linhagem ICA1 de um dia de idade e ambos os sexos. Estas foram aleatoriamente submetidas a 3 dietas distintas: grupo controle (0% de farinha de barata de madagascar), 6% e 18% de farinha de barata de madagascar em relação ao g/kg de ração. As dietas foram isoproteicas e isoenergeticas. Foram realizadas 6 repetições com 13 codornas em cada gaiola. Os animais foram abatidos aos 35 dias de idade. Os testes de aceitação foram avaliados por meio de escala hedônica de 9 pontos enquanto o de intenção de consumo e compra foram por escala de 7 e 5 pontos respectivamente. Esses testes foram avaliados por 55 avaliadores não treinado, enquanto o teste triangular foi com 60 avaliadores não treinados. Não houve diferenças significativas (P>0,05) no teste de aceitação para nenhuma das variáveis analisadas (cor, aroma, sabor, maciez, avaliação global, intenção de compra e intenção de consumo). Não houve diferenças significativas (P>0,05) no teste triangular. Tal fato, comprova potencial substituição da soja por farinha de barata de Madagascar na alimentação de codorna, uma vez que não houve prejuízos sensoriais na carne para os avaliadores não treinados.This study evaluated the effect of the inclusion of Madagascar Cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa) meal on European quail diets on sensorial attributes by means of acceptance tests, consumption intention, purchase intention and triangular test. A total of 234 one-day-old ICA1 lineage quails and both sexes were used. These were randomly submitted to 3 different diets: control group (0% of madagascar cockroach meal), 6% and 18% of Madagascar cockroach meal in relation to g / kg of ration. The diets were isoproteic and isoenergetic. Six replicates were performed with 13 quails in each cage. The animals were slaughtered at 35 days of age. Acceptance tests were evaluated using a hedonic scale of 9 points while the intention of consumption and purchase were by scale of 7 and 5 points respectively. These tests were evaluated by 55 non-trained raters, while the triangular test was with 60 non-trained raters. There were no significant differences (P> 0.05) in the acceptance test for any of the analyzed variables (color, aroma, flavor, tenderness, overall evaluation, purchase intention and consumption intention). There were no significant differences (P> 0.05) in the triangular test. This fact confirms the potential replacement of soybean by Madagascar cockroach meal in quail feed, since there were no sensorial losses in the meat for the untrained evaluators
Xuefang Cheng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the complete mitochondrial genomes of four cockroaches insecta blattodea and phylogenetic analyses within cockroaches
Gene, 2016Co-Authors: Xuefang Cheng, Leping Zhang, Danna Yu, Jiayong ZhangAbstract:Abstract Three complete mitochondrial genomes of Blaberidae (Insecta: Blattodea) ( Gromphadorhina portentosa , Panchlora nivea , Blaptica dubia ) and one complete mt genome of Blattidae (Insecta: Blattodea) ( Shelfordella lateralis ) were sequenced to further understand the characteristics of cockroach mitogenomes and reconstruct the phylogenetic relationship of Blattodea. The gene order and orientation of these four cockroach genomes were similar to known cockroach mt genomes, and contained 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes and one control region. The mt genomes of Blattodea exhibited a characteristics of a high A + T composition (70.7%–74.3%) and dominant usage of the TAA stop codon. The AT content of the whole mt genome, PCGs and total tRNAs in G. portentosa was the lowest in known cockroaches. The presence of a 71-bp intergenic spacer region between trnQ and trnM was a unique feature in B. dubia , but absent in other cockroaches, which can be explained by the duplication/random loss model. Based on the nucleotide and amino acid datasets of the 13 PCGs genes, neighbor-joining (NJ), maximum parsimony (MP), maximum likelihood (ML) and bayesian inference (BI) analyses were used to rebuild the phylogenetic relationship of cockroaches. All phylogenetic analyses consistently placed Isoptera as the sister cluster to Cryptocercidae of Blattodea. Ectobiidae and Blaberidae (Blaberoidea) formed a sister clade to Blattidae. Corydiidae is a sister clade of all the remaining cockroach species with a high value in NJ and MP analyses of nucleotide and amino acid datasets, and ML and BI analyses of the amino acid dataset.
Federle Walter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Research data supporting "Scaling of claw sharpness: mechanical constraints reduce attachment performance in larger animals"
'Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD)', 2018Co-Authors: Pattrick Jonathan, Labonte David, Federle WalterAbstract:Data of the allometry of claw sharpness and attachment performance for several insect species. This includes: 1. Body mass and claw tip diameter measurements for the four insects species Gromphadorhina portentosa, Nauphoeta cinerea, Carausius morosus, and Atta cephalotes. 2. Body mass, attachment force, and the surface nominal particle size on which the attachment forces were measured for Gromphadorhina portentosa and Atta cephalotes
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Scaling of claw sharpness: mechanical constraints reduce attachment performance in larger insects.
'Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD)', 2018Co-Authors: Pattrick, Jonathan G, Labonte David, Federle WalterAbstract:Claws are the most widespread attachment devices in animals, but comparatively little is known about the mechanics of claw attachment. A key morphological parameter in determining attachment ability is claw sharpness; however, there is a conflict between sharpness and fracture resistance. Sharper claws can interlock on more surfaces but are more likely to break. Body size interacts with this conflict such that larger animals should have much blunter claws and consequently poorer attachment ability than smaller animals. This expected size-induced reduction in attachment performance has not previously been investigated, and it is unclear how animals deal with this effect, and if it indeed exists. We explored the scaling of claw sharpness with body size using four insect species (Nauphoeta cinerea, Gromphadorhina portentosa, Atta cephalotes and Carausius morosus) each covering a large size range. The scaling of claw sharpness varied significantly between species, suggesting that they face different pressures regarding claw function. Attachment forces were measured for A. cephalotes and G. portentosa (which had different scaling of claw sharpness) on several rough surfaces using a centrifuge setup. As expected, attachment performance was poorer in larger animals. Firstly, larger animals were more likely to slip, though this effect depended on the scaling of claw sharpness. Secondly, when they gripped, they attached with smaller forces relative to their weight. This size-induced reduction in attachment performance has significant implications for the attachment ability of larger animals on rough surfaces.JGP was funded by a Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council PhD Studentship under grant BB/J014540/1
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Scaling of claw sharpness: mechanical constraints reduce attachment performance in larger insects.
J Exp Biol, 2018Co-Authors: Pattrick, Jonathan G, Labonte David, Federle WalterAbstract:Claws are the most widespread attachment devices in animals, but comparatively little is known about the mechanics of claw attachment. A key morphological parameter in determining attachment ability is claw sharpness; however, there is a conflict between sharpness and fracture resistance. Sharper claws can interlock on more surfaces but are more likely to break. Body size interacts with this conflict such that larger animals should have much blunter claws and consequently poorer attachment ability than smaller animals. This expected size-induced reduction in attachment performance has not previously been investigated, and it is unclear how animals deal with this effect, and whether it indeed exists. We explored the scaling of claw sharpness with body size using four insect species (Nauphoeta cinerea, Gromphadorhina portentosa, Atta cephalotes and Carausius morosus) each covering a large size range. The scaling of claw sharpness varied significantly between species, suggesting that they face different pressures regarding claw function. Attachment forces were measured for A. cephalotes and G. portentosa (which had different scaling of claw sharpness) on several rough surfaces using a centrifuge setup. As expected, attachment performance was poorer in larger animals. Firstly, larger animals were more likely to slip, although this effect depended on the scaling of claw sharpness. Secondly, when they gripped, they attached with smaller forces relative to their weight. This size-induced reduction in attachment performance has significant implications for the attachment ability of larger animals on rough surfaces.JGP was funded by a Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council PhD Studentship under grant BB/J014540/1
