The Experts below are selected from a list of 315 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Zesheng Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Gymnemic Acid Ameliorates Hyperglycemia through PI3K/AKT- and AMPK-Mediated Signaling Pathways in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rats
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Yumeng Li, Junjie Liang, Tianxin Wang, Zesheng ZhangAbstract:Gymnemic Acid (GA) isolated from Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) Schult. has been shown to have antihyperglycemic activity; however, the molecular mechanisms governing these effects are unclear. In this study, GA (40 and 80 mg kg–1 day–1) was evaluated by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats to explore its hypoglycemic activity and underlying mechanisms of action. The results indicated that GA decreased fasting blood glucose (FBG) concentrations by 26.7% and lowered insulin concentrations by 16.1% after oral administration of GA at a dose of 80 mg kg–1 day–1 for 6 weeks in T2DM rats. Our data showed that real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot indicated that GA upregulated the level of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and glycogen synthesis (GS) and promoted the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) while downregulated the expression of glycogen synthesis kinase-3β (GSK-3β) in T2DM rats. In addition, key proteins involved in adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-medi...
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Gymnemic Acid ameliorates hyperglycemia through pi3k akt and ampk mediated signaling pathways in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Yumeng Li, Junjie Liang, Tianxin Wang, Zesheng ZhangAbstract:Gymnemic Acid (GA) isolated from Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) Schult. has been shown to have antihyperglycemic activity; however, the molecular mechanisms governing these effects are unclear. In this study, GA (40 and 80 mg kg–1 day–1) was evaluated by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats to explore its hypoglycemic activity and underlying mechanisms of action. The results indicated that GA decreased fasting blood glucose (FBG) concentrations by 26.7% and lowered insulin concentrations by 16.1% after oral administration of GA at a dose of 80 mg kg–1 day–1 for 6 weeks in T2DM rats. Our data showed that real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot indicated that GA upregulated the level of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and glycogen synthesis (GS) and promoted the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) while downregulated the expression of glycogen synthesis kinase-3β (GSK-3β) in T2DM rats. In addition, key proteins involved in adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-medi...
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Gymnemic Acid alleviates inflammation and insulin resistance via pparδ and nfκb mediated pathways in db db mice
Food & Function, 2019Co-Authors: Yumeng Li, Yao Xiao, Qi Zhao, Zesheng ZhangAbstract:Gymnemic Acid (GA) is a naturally occurring herbal ingredient that improves glucose metabolism in patients with diabetes mellitus. In this study, we evaluated the ameliorative effects of GA on obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance (IR), and identified the mechanisms for these effects in db/db mice. In these mice, GA effectively lowered fasting blood glucose concentrations from 26.3 ± 4.09 to 17.4 ± 3.38 mmol L−1, and improved oral glucose and insulin tolerance. Furthermore, GA treatment accelerated lipid transport and promoted fatty Acid oxidation, which reduced lipid accumulation and inhibited expression of inflammatory cytokines, including those involved in the proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ)- and nuclear factor κB (NFκB)-mediated signaling pathways. In addition, the anti-inflammatory effects increased the ratio of insulin to glucagon. It also regulated the insulin signal transduction with reduced phosphorylation of IRS-1 (Ser) and increased phosphorylation of IRS (Tyr) in liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. In summary, we demonstrated in db/db mice that GA induces fatty Acid oxidation, and alleviates inflammation and IR in liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue through PPARδ- and NFκB-mediated signaling pathways.
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Gymnemic Acid alleviates type 2 diabetes mellitus and suppresses endoplasmic reticulum stress in vivo and in vitro
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Yumeng Li, Junjie Liang, Tianxin Wang, Zesheng ZhangAbstract:Gymnemic Acid (GA) is an herbal ingredient that can improve glucose metabolism in patients with diabetes mellitus. In this study, we evaluated the ameliorative effects of GA on insulin resistance (IR) and identified the mechanisms in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats and IR HepG2 cells. GA effectively enhanced glucose uptake in IR HepG2 cells from 11.9 ± 1.09 to 14.7 ± 1.38 mmol/L and lowered fasting blood glucose (blood glucose levels in groups treated with GA at 40 and 80 mg/kg/day were reduced by 15.2% and 26.7%, respectively) and oral glucose tolerance. Both in vivo and in vitro, GA downregulated the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress indicator proteins such as ORP150, p-c-Jun, p-PERK, and p-eIF2α. In addition, the improvement of ER stress regulated the insulin signal transduction proteins, reducing p-IRS-1(ser) levels and increasing p-IRS-1(tyr) in GA-treated T2DM rats and IR HepG2 cells. In summary, the mechanism underlying the hypoglycemic effects of GA may be associated with allevi...
Yumeng Li - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Gymnemic Acid Ameliorates Hyperglycemia through PI3K/AKT- and AMPK-Mediated Signaling Pathways in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rats
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Yumeng Li, Junjie Liang, Tianxin Wang, Zesheng ZhangAbstract:Gymnemic Acid (GA) isolated from Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) Schult. has been shown to have antihyperglycemic activity; however, the molecular mechanisms governing these effects are unclear. In this study, GA (40 and 80 mg kg–1 day–1) was evaluated by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats to explore its hypoglycemic activity and underlying mechanisms of action. The results indicated that GA decreased fasting blood glucose (FBG) concentrations by 26.7% and lowered insulin concentrations by 16.1% after oral administration of GA at a dose of 80 mg kg–1 day–1 for 6 weeks in T2DM rats. Our data showed that real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot indicated that GA upregulated the level of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and glycogen synthesis (GS) and promoted the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) while downregulated the expression of glycogen synthesis kinase-3β (GSK-3β) in T2DM rats. In addition, key proteins involved in adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-medi...
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Gymnemic Acid ameliorates hyperglycemia through pi3k akt and ampk mediated signaling pathways in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Yumeng Li, Junjie Liang, Tianxin Wang, Zesheng ZhangAbstract:Gymnemic Acid (GA) isolated from Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) Schult. has been shown to have antihyperglycemic activity; however, the molecular mechanisms governing these effects are unclear. In this study, GA (40 and 80 mg kg–1 day–1) was evaluated by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats to explore its hypoglycemic activity and underlying mechanisms of action. The results indicated that GA decreased fasting blood glucose (FBG) concentrations by 26.7% and lowered insulin concentrations by 16.1% after oral administration of GA at a dose of 80 mg kg–1 day–1 for 6 weeks in T2DM rats. Our data showed that real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot indicated that GA upregulated the level of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and glycogen synthesis (GS) and promoted the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) while downregulated the expression of glycogen synthesis kinase-3β (GSK-3β) in T2DM rats. In addition, key proteins involved in adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-medi...
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Gymnemic Acid alleviates inflammation and insulin resistance via pparδ and nfκb mediated pathways in db db mice
Food & Function, 2019Co-Authors: Yumeng Li, Yao Xiao, Qi Zhao, Zesheng ZhangAbstract:Gymnemic Acid (GA) is a naturally occurring herbal ingredient that improves glucose metabolism in patients with diabetes mellitus. In this study, we evaluated the ameliorative effects of GA on obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance (IR), and identified the mechanisms for these effects in db/db mice. In these mice, GA effectively lowered fasting blood glucose concentrations from 26.3 ± 4.09 to 17.4 ± 3.38 mmol L−1, and improved oral glucose and insulin tolerance. Furthermore, GA treatment accelerated lipid transport and promoted fatty Acid oxidation, which reduced lipid accumulation and inhibited expression of inflammatory cytokines, including those involved in the proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ)- and nuclear factor κB (NFκB)-mediated signaling pathways. In addition, the anti-inflammatory effects increased the ratio of insulin to glucagon. It also regulated the insulin signal transduction with reduced phosphorylation of IRS-1 (Ser) and increased phosphorylation of IRS (Tyr) in liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. In summary, we demonstrated in db/db mice that GA induces fatty Acid oxidation, and alleviates inflammation and IR in liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue through PPARδ- and NFκB-mediated signaling pathways.
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Gymnemic Acid alleviates type 2 diabetes mellitus and suppresses endoplasmic reticulum stress in vivo and in vitro
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Yumeng Li, Junjie Liang, Tianxin Wang, Zesheng ZhangAbstract:Gymnemic Acid (GA) is an herbal ingredient that can improve glucose metabolism in patients with diabetes mellitus. In this study, we evaluated the ameliorative effects of GA on insulin resistance (IR) and identified the mechanisms in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats and IR HepG2 cells. GA effectively enhanced glucose uptake in IR HepG2 cells from 11.9 ± 1.09 to 14.7 ± 1.38 mmol/L and lowered fasting blood glucose (blood glucose levels in groups treated with GA at 40 and 80 mg/kg/day were reduced by 15.2% and 26.7%, respectively) and oral glucose tolerance. Both in vivo and in vitro, GA downregulated the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress indicator proteins such as ORP150, p-c-Jun, p-PERK, and p-eIF2α. In addition, the improvement of ER stress regulated the insulin signal transduction proteins, reducing p-IRS-1(ser) levels and increasing p-IRS-1(tyr) in GA-treated T2DM rats and IR HepG2 cells. In summary, the mechanism underlying the hypoglycemic effects of GA may be associated with allevi...
P Rajasekar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Synthesis and characterization of biocompatible Gymnemic Acid–gold nanoparticles: a study on glucose uptake stimulatory effect in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
RSC Advances, 2020Co-Authors: T Rajarajeshwari, C Shivashri, P RajasekarAbstract:Biosynthesized gold nanoparticles using Gymnemic Acid (GA), a secondary metabolite of Gymnema sylvestre, are studied. The Gymnemic Acid reduced gold nanoparticles (GA–AuNPs) were primarily confirmed from the colour change and UV absorption. The reducing potential of GA was computed and free GA was quantified after the biosynthesis of GA–AuNPs using HPLC. The size, charge, shape, crystalline nature and functional groups of GA–AuNPs were studied by TEM, DLS, XRD and FT-IR analysis respectively. The stability of GA–AuNPs in various physiological buffers and pH was examined. The cytotoxicity of GA–AuNPs and the comparative glucose utilization effect of GA and GA–AuNPs were analysed. The GA–AuNPs appeared ruby red in colour and showed UV absorption at 540 nm. The reducing efficiency of GA was found to be 98%. The complete utilization of GA (100%) after the biosynthesis of GA–AuNPs was observed in the HPLC chromatogram. The GA–AuNPs displayed a spherical morphology under TEM analysis. The DLS analysis of GA–AuNPs revealed an average size of 62.93 nm and a zeta potential of −14.9 mV. The XRD data confirmed the nature of GA–AuNPs to be face centered cubic (fcc) crystals and their stability was identified from the FT-IR spectra. The GA–AuNPs showed remarkable stability in the various media and displayed 56.67% cell viability at 1000 μM concentration in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The adipocytes treated with GA and GA–AuNPs displayed a minimal and a dose-dependent rise in glucose uptake respectively, demonstrating enhanced bioavailability mediated glucose utilization. The study suggests that GA–AuNPs might serve as an effective plant-based oral formulation for the treatment of hyperglycemia.
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synthesis and characterization of biocompatible Gymnemic Acid gold nanoparticles a study on glucose uptake stimulatory effect in 3t3 l1 adipocytes
RSC Advances, 2014Co-Authors: T Rajarajeshwari, C Shivashri, P RajasekarAbstract:Biosynthesized gold nanoparticles using Gymnemic Acid (GA), a secondary metabolite of Gymnema sylvestre, are studied. The Gymnemic Acid reduced gold nanoparticles (GA–AuNPs) were primarily confirmed from the colour change and UV absorption. The reducing potential of GA was computed and free GA was quantified after the biosynthesis of GA–AuNPs using HPLC. The size, charge, shape, crystalline nature and functional groups of GA–AuNPs were studied by TEM, DLS, XRD and FT-IR analysis respectively. The stability of GA–AuNPs in various physiological buffers and pH was examined. The cytotoxicity of GA–AuNPs and the comparative glucose utilization effect of GA and GA–AuNPs were analysed. The GA–AuNPs appeared ruby red in colour and showed UV absorption at 540 nm. The reducing efficiency of GA was found to be 98%. The complete utilization of GA (100%) after the biosynthesis of GA–AuNPs was observed in the HPLC chromatogram. The GA–AuNPs displayed a spherical morphology under TEM analysis. The DLS analysis of GA–AuNPs revealed an average size of 62.93 nm and a zeta potential of −14.9 mV. The XRD data confirmed the nature of GA–AuNPs to be face centered cubic (fcc) crystals and their stability was identified from the FT-IR spectra. The GA–AuNPs showed remarkable stability in the various media and displayed 56.67% cell viability at 1000 μM concentration in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The adipocytes treated with GA and GA–AuNPs displayed a minimal and a dose-dependent rise in glucose uptake respectively, demonstrating enhanced bioavailability mediated glucose utilization. The study suggests that GA–AuNPs might serve as an effective plant-based oral formulation for the treatment of hyperglycemia.
Ramesh K Singh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Gymnemic Acid stimulates in vitro splenic lymphocyte proliferation
Phytotherapy Research, 2016Co-Authors: Vineet Kumar Singh, Padmanabh Dwivedi, B R Chaudhary, Ramesh K SinghAbstract:Gymnemic Acid is a mixture of triterpenoid saponins of oleanane class, isolated from Gymnema sylvestre Wild R.Br (family: Asclepidaceae), an herbal plant used in traditional medicine to treat diabetes. Effect of Gymnemic Acid (0.1–20 µg/mL) on in vitro mitogen (concanavalin A and lipopolysaccharide)-induced splenic lymphocyte proliferation was studied using rat as model. Significant (p < 0.05) stimulation of lymphoproliferation was observed in cultures treated with 10 and 20 µg/mL concentration of Gymnemic Acid in the absence or presence of mitogens. The present study suggests that Gymnemic Acid has immunomodulatory property, stimulating lymphoid components of immune system, and the traditional knowledge of anti-diabetic property of G. sylvestre is scientifically supplemented with its immunomodulatory properties. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Gymnemic Acid Stimulates In Vitro Splenic Lymphocyte Proliferation
Phytotherapy Research, 2015Co-Authors: Vineet Kumar Singh, Padmanabh Dwivedi, B R Chaudhary, Ramesh K SinghAbstract:Gymnemic Acid is a mixture of triterpenoid saponins of oleanane class, isolated from Gymnema sylvestre Wild R.Br (family: Asclepidaceae), an herbal plant used in traditional medicine to treat diabetes. Effect of Gymnemic Acid (0.1–20 µg/mL) on in vitro mitogen (concanavalin A and lipopolysaccharide)-induced splenic lymphocyte proliferation was studied using rat as model. Significant (p
T Rajarajeshwari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Synthesis and characterization of biocompatible Gymnemic Acid–gold nanoparticles: a study on glucose uptake stimulatory effect in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
RSC Advances, 2020Co-Authors: T Rajarajeshwari, C Shivashri, P RajasekarAbstract:Biosynthesized gold nanoparticles using Gymnemic Acid (GA), a secondary metabolite of Gymnema sylvestre, are studied. The Gymnemic Acid reduced gold nanoparticles (GA–AuNPs) were primarily confirmed from the colour change and UV absorption. The reducing potential of GA was computed and free GA was quantified after the biosynthesis of GA–AuNPs using HPLC. The size, charge, shape, crystalline nature and functional groups of GA–AuNPs were studied by TEM, DLS, XRD and FT-IR analysis respectively. The stability of GA–AuNPs in various physiological buffers and pH was examined. The cytotoxicity of GA–AuNPs and the comparative glucose utilization effect of GA and GA–AuNPs were analysed. The GA–AuNPs appeared ruby red in colour and showed UV absorption at 540 nm. The reducing efficiency of GA was found to be 98%. The complete utilization of GA (100%) after the biosynthesis of GA–AuNPs was observed in the HPLC chromatogram. The GA–AuNPs displayed a spherical morphology under TEM analysis. The DLS analysis of GA–AuNPs revealed an average size of 62.93 nm and a zeta potential of −14.9 mV. The XRD data confirmed the nature of GA–AuNPs to be face centered cubic (fcc) crystals and their stability was identified from the FT-IR spectra. The GA–AuNPs showed remarkable stability in the various media and displayed 56.67% cell viability at 1000 μM concentration in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The adipocytes treated with GA and GA–AuNPs displayed a minimal and a dose-dependent rise in glucose uptake respectively, demonstrating enhanced bioavailability mediated glucose utilization. The study suggests that GA–AuNPs might serve as an effective plant-based oral formulation for the treatment of hyperglycemia.
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synthesis and characterization of biocompatible Gymnemic Acid gold nanoparticles a study on glucose uptake stimulatory effect in 3t3 l1 adipocytes
RSC Advances, 2014Co-Authors: T Rajarajeshwari, C Shivashri, P RajasekarAbstract:Biosynthesized gold nanoparticles using Gymnemic Acid (GA), a secondary metabolite of Gymnema sylvestre, are studied. The Gymnemic Acid reduced gold nanoparticles (GA–AuNPs) were primarily confirmed from the colour change and UV absorption. The reducing potential of GA was computed and free GA was quantified after the biosynthesis of GA–AuNPs using HPLC. The size, charge, shape, crystalline nature and functional groups of GA–AuNPs were studied by TEM, DLS, XRD and FT-IR analysis respectively. The stability of GA–AuNPs in various physiological buffers and pH was examined. The cytotoxicity of GA–AuNPs and the comparative glucose utilization effect of GA and GA–AuNPs were analysed. The GA–AuNPs appeared ruby red in colour and showed UV absorption at 540 nm. The reducing efficiency of GA was found to be 98%. The complete utilization of GA (100%) after the biosynthesis of GA–AuNPs was observed in the HPLC chromatogram. The GA–AuNPs displayed a spherical morphology under TEM analysis. The DLS analysis of GA–AuNPs revealed an average size of 62.93 nm and a zeta potential of −14.9 mV. The XRD data confirmed the nature of GA–AuNPs to be face centered cubic (fcc) crystals and their stability was identified from the FT-IR spectra. The GA–AuNPs showed remarkable stability in the various media and displayed 56.67% cell viability at 1000 μM concentration in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The adipocytes treated with GA and GA–AuNPs displayed a minimal and a dose-dependent rise in glucose uptake respectively, demonstrating enhanced bioavailability mediated glucose utilization. The study suggests that GA–AuNPs might serve as an effective plant-based oral formulation for the treatment of hyperglycemia.