The Experts below are selected from a list of 21591 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Wendy E. Kaye - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Acute public health consequences associated with Hazardous Substances released during transit, 1993-2000.
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2003Co-Authors: D. Kevin Horton, Gilbert S. Haugh, Zahava Berkowitz, Wendy E. KayeAbstract:Massive quantities of Hazardous Substances are transported each day throughout the United States. While most arrive safely at their destination, uncontrolled releases of Substances in transit do occur and have the potential of causing acute public health consequences for those individuals at or near the release. Data from 16 state health departments participating in the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry's (ATSDR) Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) system were analyzed to determine the public health consequences that occurred from actual releases in transit. Of the 9392 transportation events analyzed, 9.1% resulted in 2008 victims, including 115 deaths. The population groups injured most often were employees and the general public. The most common injury sustained was respiratory irritation. Evacuations were ordered in 5.5% of events effecting at least 63,686 people. Human error and equipment failure were the most common factors leading to events. These findings underscore the importance of job safety training, community planning, and effective emergency response to prevent adverse public health consequences from occurring or lessen their effect on the public.
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The Acute Health Consequences to Children Exposed to Hazardous Substances Used in Illicit Methamphetamine Production, 1996 to 2001
Journal of Children's Health, 2003Co-Authors: D. Kevin Horton, Zahava Berkowitz, Wendy E. KayeAbstract:Children who are raised in an environment where illicit methamphetamine production occurs can experience acute health effects from Hazardous Substances used. Common Substances used include anhydrous ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and acetone. Many of these are Hazardous upon exposure and can lead to emergency events such as fires, explosions, spills, and toxic emissions. Data from 17 states participating in the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry's Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance system were used to analyze the acute health consequences among children exposed to Hazardous Substances released in association with illicit methamphetamine production during 1996 through 2001. Of the 519 methamphetamine-related emergency events identified where releases occurred, at least 8 known events involved 13 children who were injured. In four of these eight events, lethal Substances such as anhydrous ammonia were released. The predominant injuries sustained by these children were respiratory ...
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Counterterrorism planning using the Hazardous Substances Events Surveillance system.
Disaster Management & Response, 2003Co-Authors: Deana M. Manassaram, Maureen F. Orr, Wendy E. KayeAbstract:The Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) system was developed in 1990 and is maintained by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, a public health agency within the United States Department of Health and Human Services. HSEES data can be used for hazard vulnerability assessments. Baseline patterns of Hazardous substance releases can be used by local emergency planning committees to (1) identify Substances that cause serious injuries, (2) improve monitoring and control of access, and (3) assess the preparedness of responding agencies. HSEES is an active surveillance system that can be useful in the early detection of unusual occurrences involving Hazardous Substances.
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Releases of Hazardous Substances in schools: data from the Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance system, 1993-1998.
Journal of environmental health, 2002Co-Authors: Zahava Berkowitz, Gilbert S. Haugh, Maureen F. Orr, Wendy E. KayeAbstract:This report describes the adverse public-health effects resulting from releases of Hazardous Substances in schools. Data were analyzed from emergency events reported to the Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) system by 14 participating states during 1993-1998. Compared with all other types of events, a higher proportion of school-related events resulted in victims (relative risk [RR] = 3.94, 95 percent confidence interval [CI] = 3.37-4.60) and in evacuation (RR = 5.76, 95 percent CI = 5.16-6.43). The most common cause of these events was operator error, followed in frequency by equipment failure, improper mixing, and deliberate releases. The majority of victims were exposed to spills emitting noxious gases, and their resulting symptoms were primarily associated with the respiratory tract.
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evaluating the sensitivity of Hazardous Substances emergency events surveillance a comparison of three surveillance systems
Journal of Environmental Health, 1996Co-Authors: R D Wendt, H I Hall, P A Pricegreen, V R Dhara, Wendy E. KayeAbstract:This study evaluated the sensitivity of the active, state-based Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) system by comparing it with two passive reporting systems. Incident reports from the passive reporting systems were sent to participating HSEES states during a two-year period. The states evaluated these Hazardous Substances spill events according to whether an event was detected by the HSEES system and whether it met the HSEES case definition. These data were analyzed to determine the sensitivity of the HSEES system. HSEES detected 61.7% (31.2% surveillance and 30.5% nonsurveillance) of Hazardous Substances spill events documented by the combined passive reporting systems; HSEES did not detect 38.3% (4.4% surveillance, 20.2% nonsurveillance, and 13.6% unknown) of events. The HSEES system recorded more events than both passive reporting systems combined. Event reporting differences can be attributed to differences in each system`s approach to surveillance. HSEES detects events inside and outside the limits of the passive reporting systems. Comparing surveillance systems that collected related information is very useful in measuring system effectiveness, locating data gaps, and identifying new data sources.
Melissa J Perry - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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utilising the characteristics of small enterprises to assist in managing Hazardous Substances in the workplace
International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 2011Co-Authors: Ian Laird, Kirsten Olsen, Leighann Harris, Stephen Legg, Melissa J PerryAbstract:Purpose – The aim of this paper is to present the literature which identifies the characteristics of small enterprises and outlines the opportunities to utilise them in working with small businesses to prevent and reduce exposures to Hazardous Substances.Design/methodology/approach – A search of a variety of data sources, including Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, was conducted which combined the keyword search terms “small business”, “small enterprise”, “management”, “health and safety management”, “Hazardous Substances”, “Hazardous chemicals”, “management of Hazardous Substances”. High quality studies were selected and combined with studies known to the authors.Findings – A strong body of evidence exists which shows that the management of OSH in small enterprises has been extensively reviewed and the most recurring theme is the identification of problems and challenges. A growing body of literature also confirms that models for chemical risk management and social responsibility issues ca...
Evangelos Gidarakos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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small weee determining recyclables and Hazardous Substances in plastics
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009Co-Authors: Emmanouil Dimitrakakis, Alexander Janz, Bernd Bilitewski, Evangelos GidarakosAbstract:Abstract An examination regarding the determination of recyclables and Hazardous Substances in small waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) found in the residual household waste stream of the city of Dresden, Germany, is described. Firstly, attitudes towards the disposal of small WEEE in the latter are assessed, and product types and categories which mostly contribute to its composition are identified. Physical parameters which could be used as mechanical sorting criteria are measured, and the material composition of the small WEEE found is determined. The Hazardous Substances’ “base” charge in the residual waste is established by means of atomic absorption spectrometry and ionic chromatography, as a first step in estimating the contribution of small WEEE to its pollutant load. Consequently, the content of small WEEE plastics in key heavy metals and halogens is determined. Key conclusions are drawn concerning the future strategic development and practical implementation of the 2002/96/EC Directive, in relation to small WEEE management and recycling.
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Small WEEE: Determining recyclables and Hazardous Substances in plastics
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2008Co-Authors: Emmanouil Dimitrakakis, Alexander Janz, Bernd Bilitewski, Evangelos GidarakosAbstract:An examination regarding the determination of recyclables and Hazardous Substances in small waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) found in the residual household waste stream of the city of Dresden, Germany, is described. Firstly, attitudes towards the disposal of small WEEE in the latter are assessed, and product types and categories which mostly contribute to its composition are identified. Physical parameters which could be used as mechanical sorting criteria are measured, and the material composition of the small WEEE found is determined. The Hazardous Substances' "base" charge in the residual waste is established by means of atomic absorption spectrometry and ionic chromatography, as a first step in estimating the contribution of small WEEE to its pollutant load. Consequently, the content of small WEEE plastics in key heavy metals and halogens is determined. Key conclusions are drawn concerning the future strategic development and practical implementation of the 2002/96/EC Directive, in relation to small WEEE management and recycling.
Helena Palmquist - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hazardous Substances in separately collected grey and blackwater from ordinary swedish households
Science of The Total Environment, 2005Co-Authors: Helena Palmquist, Jörgen HanaeusAbstract:The objective of this paper is to present the mass flows of a number of selected Hazardous Substances in raw, separate grey- and blackwater from ordinary Swedish households. The Vibyasen housing area was selected for the investigation since its wastewater system has separate flows for grey- and blackwater. Due to the high analytical costs, a limited number of Hazardous Substances had to be selected and the number of samples restricted. The greywater flow was manually measured and the samples were collected at set time intervals. The blackwater samples were randomly collected from a blackwater tank. A total of 105 selected Hazardous Substances were measured in both fractions. Of the 24 elements (Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, S, Al, Ag, As, Ba, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Pt, Sb, Sn, Te, Zn) measured in both fractions, 22 were detected in the greywater and 23 in the blackwater. 81 organic Substances were selected and measured in both fractions (nonylphenol- and octylphenol ethoxylates, brominated flame-retardants, organotin compounds, PAH, PCB, phthalates, monocyclic aromatics, and triclosan). 46 organic Substances were found in greywater and 26 in blackwater. PCB was the only group found in neither grey- nor blackwater. The greywater flow fluctuated, with a specific average flow of 66 L per person and day. The composition of blackwater also fluctuated, with shifting proportions of urine, faeces, and flush water. The specific average blackwater flow was 28.5 L per person and day. The mixture of Substances in separate wastewater fractions from Swedish households was too complex to exactly distinguish their specific sources.
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Hazardous Substances in wastewater management
2004Co-Authors: Helena PalmquistAbstract:The extensive use of materials and Substances in society causes diffuse source emissions that lead to uncontrolled spreading of Hazardous Substances, largely channelled via wastewater systems, to t ...
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Substance flow analysis of Hazardous Substances in a Swedish municipal wastewater system
2004Co-Authors: Helena PalmquistAbstract:In a comparative substance flow analysis two wastewater management scenarios in the Swedish town of Surahammar were assessed - a Conventional Scenario vs. a Separating Scenario. The study was restricted to a selection of 16 representative Hazardous Substances, including metals and organic compounds. Quantitative data of the selected Hazardous Substances - their presence in grey- and blackwater, and their reduction rates in the wastewater treatment plant - were gathered from the literature and our own studies. The Conventional Scenario caused an overall higher flow of the selected Hazardous Substances to the surrounding nature. However, the difference between both scenarios regarding emissions of Hazardous Substances to the receiving water was small. In general, the Separating Scenario resulted in a significantly smaller flow of Hazardous Substances to arable land than the Conventional Scenario. A possible management approach was suggested to be used to interpret and compare different wastewater systems, and serve to find out if and how much the flow of Hazardous Substances can be stopped, diverged, or transformed at the source or during transport throughout the system. System design, process barriers, and organisational and behavioural barriers were suggested, but only the first two were assessed in this study.
Maria Tesar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessment of removal of components containing Hazardous Substances from small weee in austria
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2011Co-Authors: Stefan Salhofer, Maria TesarAbstract:Minimum treatment requirements for waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) established by Directive 2002/96/EC provide for the removal of specific components containing Hazardous Substances. To date, no comparative analysis of removal rates has been undertaken. The present paper examines the state of de-pollution of sWEEE in Austrian treatment plants. The mass of selected components removed and the corresponding mass of Hazardous Substances is compared to estimated values for sWEEE input material. The results obtained reveal that components are only partly removed, featuring a high variation between components and plants assessed. The overall rate of removal ranged from 72% of the estimated value for batteries to 21% of the estimated value for liquid crystal panels. This implies the forwarding of substantial quantities of Hazardous Substances to mechanical treatment processes, particularly relevant in terms of dispersion of pollutants. Furthermore, easily releasable pollutants, such as Hg from LCD-backlights, Cd from batteries or highly contaminated dust in general, pose substantial health risks for plant workers. Low removal rates of printed circuit boards, batteries and toner cartridges also lead to a reduction in quantities of valuable recyclable materials (precious metals, plastics).
