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Mamadou Ouattara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • An Integrated Approach to Control Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis, Schistosomiasis, Intestinal Protozoa Infection, and Diarrhea: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Trial.
    JMIR Research Protocols, 2018
    Co-Authors: Giovanna Raso, Mamadou Ouattara, Clémence Essé, Kouassi Dongo, Fabien Zouzou, Véronique A. Koffi, Gaoussou Coulibaly, Virginie Mahan, Eveline Hürlimann, Richard B. Yapi
    Abstract:

    Background: The global strategy to control helminthiases (schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted Helminthiasis) emphasizes preventive chemotherapy. However, in the absence of access to clean water, improved sanitation, and adequate hygiene, reinfection after treatment can occur rapidly. Integrated approaches might be necessary to sustain the benefits of preventive chemotherapy and make progress toward interruption of helminthiases transmission. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess and quantify the effect of an integrated control package that consists of preventive chemotherapy, community-led total sanitation, and health education on soil-transmitted Helminthiasis, schistosomiasis, intestinal protozoa infection, and diarrhea in rural Cote d’Ivoire. Methods: In a first step, a community health education program was developed that includes an animated cartoon to promote improved hygiene and health targeting school-aged children, coupled with a health education theater for the entire community. In a second step, a cluster randomized trial was implemented in 56 communities of south-central Cote d’Ivoire with 4 intervention arms: (1) preventive chemotherapy; (2) preventive chemotherapy plus community-led total sanitation; (3) preventive chemotherapy plus health education; and (4) all 3 interventions combined. Before implementation of the aforementioned interventions, a baseline parasitologic, anthropometric, and hygiene-related knowledge, attitudes, practices, and beliefs survey was conducted. These surveys were repeated 18 and 39 months after the baseline cross-sectional survey to determine the effect of different interventions on helminth and intestinal protozoa infection, nutritional indicators, and knowledge, attitudes, practices, and beliefs. Monitoring of diarrhea was done over a 24-month period at 2-week intervals, starting right after the baseline survey. Results: Key results from this cluster randomized trial will shed light on the effect of integrated approaches consisting of preventive chemotherapy, community-led total sanitation, and health education against infections with soil-transmitted helminths, schistosomes, an intestinal protozoa and prevention of diarrhea in a rural part of Cote d’Ivoire. Conclusions: The research provided new insights into the acceptability, strengths, and limitations of an integrated community-based control package targeting helminthiases, intestinal protozoa infections, and diarrhea in rural communities of Cote d’Ivoire. In the longer term, the study will allow determining the effect of the integrated control approach on infection patterns with parasitic worms and intestinal protozoa, diarrheal incidence, anthropometric measures, and hygiene-related knowledge, attitudes, practices, and beliefs. Trial Registration: International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): 53102033; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN53102033 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6wpnXEiHo) Registered Report Identifier: RR1-10.2196/9166 [JMIR Res Protoc 2018;7(6):e145]

  • An Integrated Approach to Control Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis, Schistosomiasis, Intestinal Protozoa Infection, and Diarrhea: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Trial (Preprint)
    2017
    Co-Authors: Giovanna Raso, Mamadou Ouattara, Clémence Essé, Kouassi Dongo, Fabien Zouzou, Véronique A. Koffi, Gaoussou Coulibaly, Virginie Mahan, Eveline Hürlimann, Richard B. Yapi
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND The global strategy to control helminthiases (schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted Helminthiasis) emphasizes preventive chemotherapy. However, in the absence of access to clean water, improved sanitation, and adequate hygiene, reinfection after treatment can occur rapidly. Integrated approaches might be necessary to sustain the benefits of preventive chemotherapy and make progress toward interruption of helminthiases transmission. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess and quantify the effect of an integrated control package that consists of preventive chemotherapy, community-led total sanitation, and health education on soil-transmitted Helminthiasis, schistosomiasis, intestinal protozoa infection, and diarrhea in rural Côte d’Ivoire. METHODS In a first step, a community health education program was developed that includes an animated cartoon to promote improved hygiene and health targeting school-aged children, coupled with a health education theater for the entire community. In a second step, a cluster randomized trial was implemented in 56 communities of south-central Côte d’Ivoire with 4 intervention arms: (1) preventive chemotherapy; (2) preventive chemotherapy plus community-led total sanitation; (3) preventive chemotherapy plus health education; and (4) all 3 interventions combined. Before implementation of the aforementioned interventions, a baseline parasitologic, anthropometric, and hygiene-related knowledge, attitudes, practices, and beliefs survey was conducted. These surveys were repeated 18 and 39 months after the baseline cross-sectional survey to determine the effect of different interventions on helminth and intestinal protozoa infection, nutritional indicators, and knowledge, attitudes, practices, and beliefs. Monitoring of diarrhea was done over a 24-month period at 2-week intervals, starting right after the baseline survey. RESULTS Key results from this cluster randomized trial will shed light on the effect of integrated approaches consisting of preventive chemotherapy, community-led total sanitation, and health education against infections with soil-transmitted helminths, schistosomes, an intestinal protozoa and prevention of diarrhea in a rural part of Côte d’Ivoire. CONCLUSIONS The research provided new insights into the acceptability, strengths, and limitations of an integrated community-based control package targeting helminthiases, intestinal protozoa infections, and diarrhea in rural communities of Côte d’Ivoire. In the longer term, the study will allow determining the effect of the integrated control approach on infection patterns with parasitic worms and intestinal protozoa, diarrheal incidence, anthropometric measures, and hygiene-related knowledge, attitudes, practices, and beliefs. CLINICALTRIAL International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): 53102033; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN53102033 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6wpnXEiHo) REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER RR1-10.2196/9166

  • scope and limits of an anamnestic questionnaire in a control induced low endemicity Helminthiasis setting in south central cote d ivoire
    PLOS ONE, 2013
    Co-Authors: Mamadou Ouattara, Isaac I Bogoch, Thomas Furst, Kigbafori D Silue, Dje N Ngoran, Lukas G Adiossan, Yao Nguessan, Siaka Kone, Jürg Utzinger
    Abstract:

    Schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted Helminthiasis are two high-burden neglected tropical diseases. In highly endemic areas, control efforts emphasize preventive chemotherapy. However, as morbidity, infection, and transmission begin to decrease, more targeted treatment is likely to become more cost-effective, provided that comparatively cheap diagnostic methods with reasonable accuracy are available.; Adults were administered an anamnestic questionnaire in mid-2010 during a cross-sectional epidemiological survey in the Taabo health demographic surveillance system in south-central Cote d'Ivoire. Questions pertaining to risk factors and signs and symptoms for schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted Helminthiasis were included. The individuals' helminth infection status and their belonging to three different anthelmintic treatment groups were compared with the questionnaire results (i) to inform the local health authorities about the epidemiological and clinical footprint of locally prevailing helminthiases, and (ii) to explore the scope and limits of an anamnestic questionnaire as monitoring tool, which eventually could help guiding the control of neglected tropical diseases in control-induced low-endemicity settings.; Our study sample consisted of 195 adults (101 males, 94 females). We found prevalences of hookworm, Trichuris trichiura, Schistosoma haematobium, and Schistosoma mansoni of 39.0%, 2.7%, 2.1%, and 2.1%, respectively. No Ascaris lumbricoides infection was found. Helminth infection intensities were generally very low. Seven, 74 and 79 participants belonged to three different treatment groups. Multivariable logistic regression models revealed statistically significant (p>0.05) associations between some risk factors, signs, and symptoms, and the different helminth infections and treatment groups. However, the risk factors, signs, and symptoms showed weak diagnostic properties. CONCLUSIONSSIGNIFICANCE: The generally low prevalence and intensity of helminth infection in this part of south-central Cote d'Ivoire indicates that recent control efforts have turned our study area into a low endemicity setting. Our anamnestic questionnaire had low sensitivity and specificity to identify infected individuals or treatment groups.

Seungman Cha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • epidemiological findings and policy implications from the nationwide schistosomiasis and intestinal Helminthiasis survey in sudan
    Parasites & Vectors, 2019
    Co-Authors: Seungman Cha, Mousab Siddig Elhag, Young Ha Lee, Dae Seong Cho, Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail, Sungtae Hong
    Abstract:

    The World Health Assembly endorsed the WHO Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) Roadmap in 2013, in which NTDs were suggested as tracers of equity in the assessment of progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals. Nationwide surveys were undertaken in all 18 states of Sudan to identify the geographical distribution and to estimate the prevalence and intensity of schistosomiasis and other intestinal helminthiases from December 2016 to March 2017. We used two-stage random sampling. Each district was subdivided into one to three different ecological zones (EZs) based on proximity to water bodies. Probability-proportional-to-size sampling was used to select schools from each EZ. We estimated schistosomiasis and intestinal Helminthiasis prevalence by the centrifugation method and Kato-Katz smears. Multi-level mixed-effect models were used to investigate the relationship between the prevalence of infections and risk factors, including improved water or latrine status at the household or school level. We estimated the cost-effectiveness of a one-time mass drug administration (MDA) intervention with 75% coverage at the district and EZ levels. A total of 105,167 students from 1772 schools were surveyed. The overall egg-positive rates were: Schistosoma haematobium, 5.2%; S. mansoni, 0.06%; and intestinal helminths, 5.47%. Severe endemic areas were concentrated in East and South Darfur States. Children living in a house or attending schools with an improved latrine were less likely to be infected with schistosomiasis than those without a latrine (adjusted odds ratio, aOR: 0.45, 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.41–0.51 and aOR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.70–0.81 at the household or the school levels, respectively). Open defecation was strongly associated with schistosomiasis (aOR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.35–1.66). In community-wide mass treatment at the district level with an 8% threshold for schistosomiasis, 2.2 million people would not benefit from MDA interventions with 75% coverage despite high endemicity, whilst 1.7 million people would receive the MDA intervention unnecessarily. EZ-level MDA was estimated to be more cost-effective than district-level administration under all circumstances. Our findings provide updated prevalence figures to guide preventive chemotherapy programmes for schistosomiasis and intestinal Helminthiasis in Sudan. Schistosomiasis was found to be common among the inhabitants of fragile and conflict-affected areas. In addition, we found that MDA interventions would be more cost-effective at the sub-district level than at the district level, and there was a strong association between schistosomiasis prevalence and latrine status, at both the household and school levels. This study will help the Sudanese government and its neighbouring countries develop adequate control and elimination strategies.

Jürg Utzinger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Assessment of global guidelines for preventive chemotherapy against schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted Helminthiasis: a cost-effectiveness modelling study
    Lancet Infectious Diseases, 2016
    Co-Authors: Nathan C. Lo, Dimitrios-alexios Karagiannis-voules, Jean T Coulibaly, Penelope Vounatsou, Eran Bendavid, Isaac I Bogoch, Jürg Utzinger, Jason R. Andrews
    Abstract:

    Summary Background WHO guidelines recommend annual treatment for schistosomiasis or soil-transmitted Helminthiasis when prevalence in school-aged children is at or above a threshold of 50% and 20%, respectively. Separate treatment guidelines are used for these two helminthiases, and integrated community-wide treatment is not recommended. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of changing prevalence thresholds and treatment guidelines under an integrated delivery framework. Methods We developed a dynamic, age-structured transmission and cost-effectiveness model that simulates integrated preventive chemotherapy programmes against schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted Helminthiasis. We assessed a 5-year treatment programme with praziquantel (40 mg/kg per treatment) against schistosomiasis and albendazole (400 mg per treatment) against soil-transmitted Helminthiasis at 75% coverage. We defined strategies as highly cost-effective if the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was less than the World Bank classification for a low-income country (gross domestic product of US$1045 per capita). We calculated the prevalence thresholds for cost-effective preventive chemotherapy of various strategies, and estimated treatment needs for sub-Saharan Africa. Findings Annual preventive chemotherapy against schistosomiasis was highly cost-effective in treatment of school-aged children at a prevalence threshold of 5% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 1·7–5·2; current guidelines recommend treatment at 50% prevalence) and for community-wide treatment at a prevalence of 15% (7·3–18·5; current recommendation is unclear, some community treatment recommended at 50% prevalence). Annual preventive chemotherapy against soil-transmitted Helminthiasis was highly cost-effective in treatment of school-aged children at a prevalence of 20% (95% UI 5·4–30·5; current guidelines recommend treatment at 20% prevalence) and the entire community at 60% (35·3–85·1; no guidelines available). When both helminthiases were co-endemic, prevalence thresholds using integrated delivery were lower. Using this revised treatment framework, we estimated that treatment needs would be six times higher than WHO guidelines for praziquantel and two times higher for albendazole. An additional 21·3% (95% Bayesian credible interval 20·4–22·2) of the population changed from receiving non-integrated treatment under WHO guidelines to integrated treatment (both praziquantel and albendazole). Country-specific economic differences resulted in heterogeneity around these prevalence thresholds. Interpretation Annual preventive chemotherapy programmes against schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted Helminthiasis are likely to be highly cost-effective at prevalences lower than WHO recommendations. These findings support substantial treatment scale-up, community-wide coverage, integrated treatment in co-endemic settings that yield substantial cost synergies, and country-specific treatment guidelines. Funding Doris Duke Charitable Foundation, Mount Sinai Hospital-University Health Network AMO Innovation Fund, and Stanford University Medical Scholars Programme.

  • Comparison of community-wide, integrated mass drug administration strategies for schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted Helminthiasis: a cost-effectiveness modelling study
    The Lancet Global Health, 2015
    Co-Authors: Nathan C. Lo, Eliézer K. N'goran, Soren L Becker, Giovanna Raso, Jean T Coulibaly, Brian G Blackburn, Howard Abrams, Isaac I Bogoch, Jürg Utzinger, Jason R. Andrews
    Abstract:

    Summary Background More than 1·5 billion people are affected by schistosomiasis or soil-transmitted Helminthiasis. WHO's recommendations for mass drug administration (MDA) against these parasitic infections emphasise treatment of school-aged children, using separate treatment guidelines for these two helminthiases groups. We aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of expanding integrated MDA to the entire community in four settings in Cote d'Ivoire. Methods We extended previously published, dynamic, age-structured models of helminthiases transmission to simulate costs and disability averted with integrated MDA (of praziquantel and albendazole) for schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted Helminthiasis. We calibrated the model to data for prevalence and intensity of species-specific helminth infection from surveys undertaken in four communities in Cote d'Ivoire between March, 1997, and September, 2010. We simulated a 15-year treatment programme with 75% coverage in only school-aged children; school-aged children and preschool-aged children; adults; and the entire community. Treatment costs were estimated at US$0·74 for school-aged children and $1·74 for preschool-aged children and adults. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was calculated in 2014 US dollars per disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) averted. Findings Expanded community-wide treatment was highly cost effective compared with treatment of only school-aged children (ICER $167 per DALY averted) and WHO guidelines (ICER $127 per DALY averted), and remained highly cost effective even if treatment costs for preschool-aged children and adults were ten times greater than those for school-aged children. Community-wide treatment remained highly cost effective even when elimination of helminth infections was not achieved. These findings were robust across the four diverse communities in Cote d'Ivoire, only one of which would have received annual MDA for both schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted Helminthiasis under the latest WHO guidelines. Treatment every 6 months was also highly cost effective in three out of four communities. Interpretation Integrated, community-wide MDA programmes for schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted Helminthiasis can be highly cost effective, even in communities with low disease burden in any helminth group. These results support an urgent need to re-evaluate current global guidelines for helminthiases control programmes to include community-wide treatment, increased treatment frequency, and consideration for lowered prevalence thresholds for integrated treatment. Funding Stanford University Medical Scholars Programme, Mount Sinai Hospital-University Health Network AMO Innovation Fund.

  • scope and limits of an anamnestic questionnaire in a control induced low endemicity Helminthiasis setting in south central cote d ivoire
    PLOS ONE, 2013
    Co-Authors: Mamadou Ouattara, Isaac I Bogoch, Thomas Furst, Kigbafori D Silue, Dje N Ngoran, Lukas G Adiossan, Yao Nguessan, Siaka Kone, Jürg Utzinger
    Abstract:

    Schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted Helminthiasis are two high-burden neglected tropical diseases. In highly endemic areas, control efforts emphasize preventive chemotherapy. However, as morbidity, infection, and transmission begin to decrease, more targeted treatment is likely to become more cost-effective, provided that comparatively cheap diagnostic methods with reasonable accuracy are available.; Adults were administered an anamnestic questionnaire in mid-2010 during a cross-sectional epidemiological survey in the Taabo health demographic surveillance system in south-central Cote d'Ivoire. Questions pertaining to risk factors and signs and symptoms for schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted Helminthiasis were included. The individuals' helminth infection status and their belonging to three different anthelmintic treatment groups were compared with the questionnaire results (i) to inform the local health authorities about the epidemiological and clinical footprint of locally prevailing helminthiases, and (ii) to explore the scope and limits of an anamnestic questionnaire as monitoring tool, which eventually could help guiding the control of neglected tropical diseases in control-induced low-endemicity settings.; Our study sample consisted of 195 adults (101 males, 94 females). We found prevalences of hookworm, Trichuris trichiura, Schistosoma haematobium, and Schistosoma mansoni of 39.0%, 2.7%, 2.1%, and 2.1%, respectively. No Ascaris lumbricoides infection was found. Helminth infection intensities were generally very low. Seven, 74 and 79 participants belonged to three different treatment groups. Multivariable logistic regression models revealed statistically significant (p>0.05) associations between some risk factors, signs, and symptoms, and the different helminth infections and treatment groups. However, the risk factors, signs, and symptoms showed weak diagnostic properties. CONCLUSIONSSIGNIFICANCE: The generally low prevalence and intensity of helminth infection in this part of south-central Cote d'Ivoire indicates that recent control efforts have turned our study area into a low endemicity setting. Our anamnestic questionnaire had low sensitivity and specificity to identify infected individuals or treatment groups.

Mirni Lamid - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • ANALYSIS OF Helminthiasis ON SUMATRAN TIGER (Panthera tigris sumatrae) IN GUNUNG BAYAN LESTARI ZOO AT WEST KUTAI DISTRICT EAST BORNEO
    2017
    Co-Authors: Muchamad Achsinul Fikri Ma’ruf, Herry Agoes Hermadi, Mirni Lamid
    Abstract:

    This study was aimed to analyze Helminthiasis on Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) in Gunung Bayan Lestari Zoo. Total eight samples took and examinated in Laboratory of Parasitology, Universitas Airlangga by means native, sedimentation, and floating method. Then positive samples which containing worm eggs counted the number of worm eggs per gram feces (TCPGT) by the Lucient Brumpt method to measure the infection rate of Helminthiasis. Species of worm eggs that found were Ancylostoma tubaeforme (75%) and Strongyloides stercoralis (25%). The infection rate showed four samples classified as mild infection and one sample was classified as medium infection and the presentation of infection rate that occured was mild infection by 50%, medium infection by 12.5%, high infection by 0%, and no infection by 37.5%. The role of cage, sanitation, and nutrition in proportion to the infection rate, which was 75% of maintenance management aspects have correlation to Helminthiasis

Muchammad Achsinul Fikri Ma’ruf 061311133251 - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • ANALYSIS OF Helminthiasis ON SUMATRAN TIGER (Panthera tigris sumatrae) IN GUNUNG BAYAN LESTARI ZOO AT WEST KUTAI DISTRICT EAST BORNEO
    2017
    Co-Authors: Muchammad Achsinul Fikri Ma’ruf 061311133251
    Abstract:

    This study was aimed to analyze Helminthiasis on Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) in Gunung Bayan Lestari Zoo. Total eight samples took and examinated in Laboratory of Parasitology, Universitas Airlangga by means native, sedimentation, and floating method. Then positive samples which containing worm eggs counted the number of worm eggs per gram feces (TCPGT) by the Lucient Brumpt method to measure the infection rate of Helminthiasis. Species of worm eggs that found were Ancylostoma tubaeforme (75%) and Strongyloides stercoralis (25%). The infection rate showed four samples classified as mild infection and one sample was classified as medium infection and the presentation of infection rate that occured was mild infection by 50%, medium infection by 12.5%, high infection by 0%, and no infection by 37.5%. The role of cage, sanitation, and nutrition in proportion to the infection rate, which was 75% of maintenance management aspects have correlation to Helminthiasis