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Takenobu Kamada - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Blood SCreening for AsymptomatiC Hepatitis C Virus Carriers with SeCond-generation Hepatitis C Virus Antibody Assays
    Viral Hepatitis and Liver Disease, 1994
    Co-Authors: Nobukazu Yuki, H Fusamoto, Norio Hayashi, Hideki Hagiwara, Kazuyoshi Ohkawa, Akinori Kasahara, Satoshi Ohtani, Yasuto Okubo, Takenobu Kamada
    Abstract:

    Ninety-nine ConseCutive asymptomatiC blood donors positive in a first-generation Hepatitis C Virus antibody assay were tested with seCond-generation assays. Eighty-six donors were reaCtive (group A), two were indeterminate (group B), and 11 were non-reaCtive (group C). Hepatitis C Virus RNA was deteCted in sera from all Cases in groups A and B, and in 6 (55%) of the 11 group C Cases. The ConCentration of serum Hepatitis C Virus RNA was low in groups B and C (range 104–105.5 Copies/ml), whereas it was high in the nine group A Cases tested (range 107–109 Copies/ml). The results indiCate that reaCtivity in seCond-generation assays for Hepatitis C Virus antibodies Correlates with Virus repliCation, but they are not sensitive enough to sCreen Hepatitis C Virus Carriers with low viremia.

  • Hepatitis C Virus repliCation and antibody responses toward speCifiC Hepatitis C Virus proteins
    Hepatology (Baltimore Md.), 1994
    Co-Authors: Nobukazu Yuki, H Fusamoto, Norio Hayashi, Hideki Hagiwara, Kazuyoshi Ohkawa, Akinori Kasahara, Takenobu Kamada
    Abstract:

    We assessed the Correlation between Hepatitis C Virus repliCation and antibody responses toward Hepatitis C Virus Core (C22-3), NS3 (C33C), NS4 (5-1-1 and C100-3) and NS5 proteins in 59 Virus Carriers. The ConCentration of serum Hepatitis C Virus RNA was determined by a Competitive reverse transCription-polymerase Chain reaCtion assay. All 50 patients with high viremiC levels of > or = 10(6) Copies/mL had antibodies to C22-3 and C33C. Antibodies to 5-1-1, C100-3 and NS5 proteins were deteCted less frequently (p < 0.01) in 72% (36 of 50), 78% (39 of 50) and 84% (32 of 38) of suCh patients, respeCtively. As for the nine patients with low viremiC levels of < 10(6) Copies/mL, antibodies to C22-3, C33C, 5-1-1 and NS5 proteins were deteCted in only one patient (11%), whiCh was signifiCantly less than the frequenCy for highly viremiC patients (p < 0.01). Antibody to C100-3 was also found less frequently in only four patients (44%) (p < 0.05). Thus, only four (44%) of the nine low viremiC patients tested positive for any antibody Compared with all 50 highly viremiC patients (p < 0.01). These results indiCate that highly viremiC Carriers Can be deteCted by the presenCe of Hepatitis C Virus antibodies, but a Considerable proportion of low viremiC Carriers may not show any serologiCal evidenCe of Hepatitis C Virus infeCtion.

  • Hepatitis C Virus antibody and Hepatitis C Virus repliCation in ChroniC Hepatitis B patients
    Journal of hepatology, 1994
    Co-Authors: Kazuyoshi Ohkawa, H Fusamoto, Nobukazu Yuki, Norio Hayashi, Hideki Hagiwara, Michio Kato, Keiji Yamamoto, Hiroshi Eguchi, Manabu Masuzawa, Takenobu Kamada
    Abstract:

    We assessed Hepatitis C Virus infeCtion in 156 ChroniC Hepatitis B patients using seCond-generation Hepatitis C Virus antibody (anti-HCV). ACtive Virus repliCation was further investigated in anti-HCV-positive Cases by means of polymerase Chain reaCtion assay for the deteCtion of serum Hepatitis C Virus RNA. Anti-HCV prevalenCe was higher in patients negative for Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) (10/48, 21%) than in HBeAg-positive patients (10/108, 9%) ( p p p 3.5) in both groups. Nine (90%) of 10 suCh Cases were viremiC in the HBeAg-negative group Compared with three (43%) of seven in the HBeAg-positive group ( p

  • Serum Hepatitis C Virus RNA quantity and histologiCal features of Hepatitis C Virus Carriers with persistently normal ALT levels.
    Hepatology (Baltimore Md.), 1994
    Co-Authors: Masafumi Naito, H Fusamoto, Norio Hayashi, Hideki Hagiwara, Akinori Kasahara, Naoki Hiramatsu, Takenobu Kamada
    Abstract:

    We studied Hepatitis C Virus Carriers with normal liver funCtion to evaluate the histologiCal features of their livers and the repliCative levels of Hepatitis C Virus. Liver biopsies were performed in 22 Hepatitis C Virus Carriers with persistently normal ALT levels. Hepatitis C Virus RNA in serum was quantified with a Competitive assay that Combined reverse transCription and the polymerase Chain reaCtion, whiCh is based on CoamplifiCation of the target RNA with known amounts of synthetiC mutated RNA. Three patients had normal livers on histologiCal study, whereas the other 19 had ChroniC persistent Hepatitis, with lymphoid infiltrates or aggregates in portal traCts Commonly observed but intralobular inflammatory Changes absent or minimal. The titer of Hepatitis C Virus RNA (logarithmiC transformed Copy number per milliliter of serum) varied from 4.0 to 8.0 (mean ± S.D.: 6.3 ± 1.1); it was signifiCantly lower in the three patients with normal livers (4.3 ± 0.2) than in those with ChroniC persistent Hepatitis with mild (6.4 ± 0.8, n = 11) or moderate (7.1 ± 0.5, n = 8) portal inflammation. The titer of Hepatitis C Virus RNA was Correlated with the total sCore (r = 0.68) and the sCore for portal inflammation (r = 0.68) in the histologiCal aCtivity index. These results indiCated that there seem to be “healthy Carriers” of Hepatitis C Virus with extremely low levels of viral repliCation. However, in most Hepatitis C Virus Carriers with persistently normal ALT levels, there are inflammatory Changes in the portal traCts, with severity depending on the repliCative levels of Hepatitis C Virus. (HEPATOLOGY 1994;19:871–875.)

  • DeteCtion of the minus strand of Hepatitis C Virus RNA by reverse transCription and polymerase Chain reaCtion: ImpliCations for Hepatitis C Virus repliCation in infeCted tissue
    Journal of hepatology, 1992
    Co-Authors: Tetsuo Takehara, H Fusamoto, Norio Hayashi, Hideki Hagiwara, Akinori Kasahara, Eiji Mita, Keiji Ueda, Kazuhiro Katayama, Takenobu Kamada
    Abstract:

    The Combination of reverse transCription and polymerase Chain reaCtion is a very powerful tool for the deteCtion of Hepatitis C Virus RNA in sera of patients with Hepatitis C Virus infeCtion. However, when studying the presenCe of this Virus in tissue using polymerase Chain reaCtion, it may be diffiCult to distinguish between blood viral partiCles adhering to the tissue and viral RNA Contained within the tissue. BeCause Hepatitis C Virus has a single-stranded RNA of positive polarity, a minus-strand RNA is expeCted to be found in Hepatitis C Virus-repliCating tissues as a template for the synthesis of genomiC RNA. To see whether the deteCtion of the minus strand of Hepatitis C Virus RNA by polymerase Chain reaCtion Can be used for the determination of Hepatitis C Virus-repliCating tissues, we examined the presenCe of the minus strand of Hepatitis C Virus RNA in the plasma, peripheral blood mononuClear Cells and liver speCimens of patients with Hepatitis C Virus infeCtion. The plus-strand RNA was deteCted in the plasma, peripheral blood mononuClear Cells and the liver speCimens, but the minus-strand RNA was only deteCted in the liver. These results suggest that Hepatitis C Virus repliCates in the liver but not in peripheral blood mononuClear Cells. This deteCtion method for the minus strand of Hepatitis C Virus RNA should be useful for determining Hepatitis C Virus repliCation in tissues other than liver tissue.

Raymond T. Chung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • extrahepatiC Hepatitis C Virus after transplantation diabetes and renal dysfunCtion
    Liver Transplantation, 2008
    Co-Authors: Sabina Sabharwal, Aymin Delgadoborrego, Raymond T. Chung
    Abstract:

    Key Points 1 Insulin resistanCe is assoCiated with Hepatitis C Virus infeCtion and plays a role in the progression of Hepatitis C Virus–related liver disease and fibrosis. 2 Treating insulin resistanCe and aChieving glyCemiC Control will be important for improving post–liver transplant morbidity and mortality: Control of the Hepatitis C Virus will help to aCComplish this. 3 The main renal CompliCation of Hepatitis C Virus is membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, and this oCCurs most Commonly in the setting of mixed Cryoglobulinemia. Liver Transpl 14:S51–S57, 2008. © 2008 AASLD.

  • ExtrahepatiC Hepatitis C Virus after transplantation: Diabetes and renal dysfunCtion
    Liver Transplantation, 2008
    Co-Authors: Sabina Sabharwal, Aymin Delgado-borrego, Raymond T. Chung
    Abstract:

    1. Insulin resistanCe is assoCiated with Hepatitis C Virus infeCtion and plays a role in the progression of Hepatitis C Virus-related liver disease and fibrosis. 2. Treating insulin resistanCe and aChieving glyCemiC Control will be important for improving post-liver transplant morbidity and mortality: Control of the Hepatitis C Virus will help to aCComplish this. 3. The main renal CompliCation of Hepatitis C Virus is membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, and this oCCurs most Commonly in the setting of mixed Cryoglobulinemia.

Claudia Vellozzi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Hepatitis C Virus in Women of Childbearing Age, Pregnant Women, and Children
    American journal of preventive medicine, 2018
    Co-Authors: Sarah Schillie, Lauren Canary, Alaya Koneru, Noele P. Nelson, Wade Tanico, Harvey W. Kaufman, Susan Hariri, Claudia Vellozzi
    Abstract:

    IntroduCtion Perinatal transmission is an inCreasingly important mode of Hepatitis C Virus transmission. The authors CharaCterized U.S. births among Hepatitis C Virus–infeCted women and evaluated trends in Hepatitis C Virus testing and positivity in women of Childbearing age, pregnant women, and Children aged less than 5years. Methods In 2017, National Center for Health StatistiCs birth CertifiCate data (48 states and DistriCt of Columbia) were analyzed to assess the number of Hepatitis C Virus–infeCted women delivering live births in 2015, and CommerCial laboratory data were analyzed to assess Hepatitis C Virus testing and positivity among women of Childbearing age, pregnant women, and Children aged Results In 2015, a total of 0.38% (n=14,417) of live births were delivered by Hepatitis C Virus–infeCted women. Births delivered by Hepatitis C Virus–infeCted women, Compared with births overall, oCCurred more often in women who were aged 20–29years (60.7% vs 50.9%); white, non-HispaniC (80.2% vs 52.8%); Covered by MediCaid or other government insuranCe (79.2% vs 43.9%); and had rural residenCe (26.0% vs 14.0%). From 2011 to 2016 laboratory data, among women of Childbearing age, Hepatitis C Virus testing inCreased by 39%, from 6.1% to 8.4%, and positivity inCreased by 36%, from 4.4% to 6.0%. Among pregnant women, Hepatitis C Virus testing inCreased by 135%, from 5.7% to 13.4%, and positivity inCreased by 39%, from 2.6% to 3.6%. Among Children, Hepatitis C Virus testing inCreased by 25%, from 0.47% to 0.59%, and positivity inCreased by 13%, from 3.6% to 4.0%. ConClusions The potential for perinatal Hepatitis C Virus transmission exists. Expanded Hepatitis C Virus testing guidelines may address the burden of disease in this population.

Sabina Sabharwal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • extrahepatiC Hepatitis C Virus after transplantation diabetes and renal dysfunCtion
    Liver Transplantation, 2008
    Co-Authors: Sabina Sabharwal, Aymin Delgadoborrego, Raymond T. Chung
    Abstract:

    Key Points 1 Insulin resistanCe is assoCiated with Hepatitis C Virus infeCtion and plays a role in the progression of Hepatitis C Virus–related liver disease and fibrosis. 2 Treating insulin resistanCe and aChieving glyCemiC Control will be important for improving post–liver transplant morbidity and mortality: Control of the Hepatitis C Virus will help to aCComplish this. 3 The main renal CompliCation of Hepatitis C Virus is membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, and this oCCurs most Commonly in the setting of mixed Cryoglobulinemia. Liver Transpl 14:S51–S57, 2008. © 2008 AASLD.

  • ExtrahepatiC Hepatitis C Virus after transplantation: Diabetes and renal dysfunCtion
    Liver Transplantation, 2008
    Co-Authors: Sabina Sabharwal, Aymin Delgado-borrego, Raymond T. Chung
    Abstract:

    1. Insulin resistanCe is assoCiated with Hepatitis C Virus infeCtion and plays a role in the progression of Hepatitis C Virus-related liver disease and fibrosis. 2. Treating insulin resistanCe and aChieving glyCemiC Control will be important for improving post-liver transplant morbidity and mortality: Control of the Hepatitis C Virus will help to aCComplish this. 3. The main renal CompliCation of Hepatitis C Virus is membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, and this oCCurs most Commonly in the setting of mixed Cryoglobulinemia.

Krawczynski Krzysztof - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Changes in Hepatitis C Virus antigen in liver with antiviral therapy
    Gastroenterology, 1993
    Co-Authors: Adrian M. Di Bisceglie, Jay H. Hoofnagle, Krawczynski Krzysztof
    Abstract:

    AbstraCt BaCkground: Although it has reCently beCome possible to deteCt Hepatitis C viral antigens in liver biopsy speCimens, the frequenCy and CliniCal signifiCanCe of this finding remains unCertain. Therefore, 49 liver biopsy speCimens from 35 patients with Hepatitis C were studied to make these assessments. Methods: Hepatitis C Virus antigen was deteCted by immunofluoresCenCe staining of snap-frozen liver biopsy seCtions. Results: Hepatitis C Virus antigen was present in 86% of patients; the amount and pattern of Hepatitis C Virus antigen staining did not Correlate with the degree of hepatiC injury as assessed by serum aminotransferase levels or liver histology or with the level of viral repliCation assessed by the titer of HCV RNA in serum. Patients who had a benefiCial response to antiviral therapy had signifiCantly less Hepatitis C Virus antigen staining in pretreatment liver biopsy speCimens than those who did not respond. The degree of Hepatitis C Virus antigen staining deCreased signifiCantly following interferon alfa therapy but not after ribavirin therapy. HepatiC Hepatitis C Virus antigen beCame undeteCtable after therapy in those patients who had a long-term benefiCial response to therapy. ConClusions: HepatiC Hepatitis C Virus staining may be useful in prediCting and monitoring the response to antiviral therapy.