The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Pirjo M Lillsunde - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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validated toxicological determination of 30 drugs of abuse as optimized derivatives in oral fluid by long column fast gas chromatography electron impact mass spectrometry
Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 2005Co-Authors: Teemu Gunnar, Kari Ariniemi, Pirjo M LillsundeAbstract:An analytical procedure was developed for the simultaneous sensitive identification, screening and quantitation of 30 drugs of abuse using 250 µl of human oral fluid. The method employs sequential mixed-mode solid-phase extraction (SPE), optimized derivative formation and long-column fast gas chromatography/electron impact mass spectrometry (GC/EI-MS). After sequential SPE elution, the most sensitive and stable derivatives were formed by taking careful account of the characteristics of the active functional groups and possible steric hindrances affecting derivatization chemistry. Amphetamine-type stimulant drugs were acylated with Heptafluorobutyric Anhydride, benzodiazepines and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol were silylated with N-methyl-N-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide and benzoylecgonine, codeine, ethylmorphine, 6-monoacetylmorphine, morphine, pholcodine, buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine with N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide. In addition, the following analytes were included: methadone, cocaine, alprazolam, midazolam, fentanyl and zolpidem. In GC separation, fast temperature ramping and high carrier gas flow-rate combined with long 30 m columns of i.d. 0.32 mm offered a reduction in analysis time and sharp peak shapes while still maintaining sufficient resolution and high sample capacity. Validated parameters including selectivity, linearity, accuracy, intra- and inter-day precision, extraction efficiency and limit of quantitation were all within required limits. In contrast to previously published methods, this single procedure is suitable for the simultaneous toxicological determination of the most common illicit drugs and benzodiazepines, and also zolpidem, in a small amount of oral fluid. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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validated toxicological determination of 30 drugs of abuse as optimized derivatives in oral fluid by long column fast gas chromatography electron impact mass spectrometry
Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 2005Co-Authors: Teemu Gunnar, Kari Ariniemi, Pirjo M LillsundeAbstract:An analytical procedure was developed for the simultaneous sensitive identification, screening and quantitation of 30 drugs of abuse using 250 µl of human oral fluid. The method employs sequential mixed-mode solid-phase extraction (SPE), optimized derivative formation and long-column fast gas chromatography/electron impact mass spectrometry (GC/EI-MS). After sequential SPE elution, the most sensitive and stable derivatives were formed by taking careful account of the characteristics of the active functional groups and possible steric hindrances affecting derivatization chemistry. Amphetamine-type stimulant drugs were acylated with Heptafluorobutyric Anhydride, benzodiazepines and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol were silylated with N-methyl-N-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide and benzoylecgonine, codeine, ethylmorphine, 6-monoacetylmorphine, morphine, pholcodine, buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine with N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide. In addition, the following analytes were included: methadone, cocaine, alprazolam, midazolam, fentanyl and zolpidem. In GC separation, fast temperature ramping and high carrier gas flow-rate combined with long 30 m columns of i.d. 0.32 mm offered a reduction in analysis time and sharp peak shapes while still maintaining sufficient resolution and high sample capacity. Validated parameters including selectivity, linearity, accuracy, intra- and inter-day precision, extraction efficiency and limit of quantitation were all within required limits. In contrast to previously published methods, this single procedure is suitable for the simultaneous toxicological determination of the most common illicit drugs and benzodiazepines, and also zolpidem, in a small amount of oral fluid. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Aldo Cavallaro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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determination of aromatic amines at trace levels by derivatization with Heptafluorobutyric Anhydride and gas chromatography electron capture negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry
Journal of Chromatography A, 1996Co-Authors: Marco Longo, Aldo CavallaroAbstract:Abstract A procedure for the simultaneous identification of seventy-three primary and secondary aromatic amines (including alkyl-, chloro- and nitro-substituted anilines, benzidines, aminoaphtalenes and aminobiphenyls) is described. The amines were derivatized by reaction with Heptafluorobutyric Anhydride to form the corresponding heptafluorobutyramides. The electrophoric derivatives were analyzed by gas chromatography combined with electron-capture negative-ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry. Linearity was satisfactory for all the compounds examined. Detection limits were in the range 0.3–66.3 pg the injected in full-scan acquisition mode and 0.01–0.57 pg injected in the selected ion monitoring acquisition mode. Application of the procedure to contaminated groundwater samples was also attempted.
Yunje Kim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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determination of anabolic steroids by gas chromatography negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry and gas chromatography negative ion chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry with Heptafluorobutyric Anhydride derivatization
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 1999Co-Authors: Man Ho Choi, Bong Chul Chung, Won Lee, Un Chul Lee, Yunje KimAbstract:A gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method is described which uses negative ion chemical ionization (NCI) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) for the determination of eight anabolic steroids in human urine. Eight anabolic steroids were derivatized by Heptafluorobutyric Anhydride (HFBA), and were determined using GC/NCI-MS and GC/NCI-MS/MS. The linear correlation coefficients for calibration in NCI-MS/MS were in the range 0.9880-0.9988. This method of derivatization with HFBA for use with GC/NCI was useful in determinations of 19-norandrosterone, boldenone, 19-noretiocholanolone, 2-methylandrosterone, nandrolone, 1-methyleneandrosterone, 1-methylandrosterone, 4-dihydroboldenone and mesterolone. The detection limits of this procedure were 5-20 ppb at a signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
Teemu Gunnar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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validated toxicological determination of 30 drugs of abuse as optimized derivatives in oral fluid by long column fast gas chromatography electron impact mass spectrometry
Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 2005Co-Authors: Teemu Gunnar, Kari Ariniemi, Pirjo M LillsundeAbstract:An analytical procedure was developed for the simultaneous sensitive identification, screening and quantitation of 30 drugs of abuse using 250 µl of human oral fluid. The method employs sequential mixed-mode solid-phase extraction (SPE), optimized derivative formation and long-column fast gas chromatography/electron impact mass spectrometry (GC/EI-MS). After sequential SPE elution, the most sensitive and stable derivatives were formed by taking careful account of the characteristics of the active functional groups and possible steric hindrances affecting derivatization chemistry. Amphetamine-type stimulant drugs were acylated with Heptafluorobutyric Anhydride, benzodiazepines and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol were silylated with N-methyl-N-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide and benzoylecgonine, codeine, ethylmorphine, 6-monoacetylmorphine, morphine, pholcodine, buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine with N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide. In addition, the following analytes were included: methadone, cocaine, alprazolam, midazolam, fentanyl and zolpidem. In GC separation, fast temperature ramping and high carrier gas flow-rate combined with long 30 m columns of i.d. 0.32 mm offered a reduction in analysis time and sharp peak shapes while still maintaining sufficient resolution and high sample capacity. Validated parameters including selectivity, linearity, accuracy, intra- and inter-day precision, extraction efficiency and limit of quantitation were all within required limits. In contrast to previously published methods, this single procedure is suitable for the simultaneous toxicological determination of the most common illicit drugs and benzodiazepines, and also zolpidem, in a small amount of oral fluid. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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validated toxicological determination of 30 drugs of abuse as optimized derivatives in oral fluid by long column fast gas chromatography electron impact mass spectrometry
Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 2005Co-Authors: Teemu Gunnar, Kari Ariniemi, Pirjo M LillsundeAbstract:An analytical procedure was developed for the simultaneous sensitive identification, screening and quantitation of 30 drugs of abuse using 250 µl of human oral fluid. The method employs sequential mixed-mode solid-phase extraction (SPE), optimized derivative formation and long-column fast gas chromatography/electron impact mass spectrometry (GC/EI-MS). After sequential SPE elution, the most sensitive and stable derivatives were formed by taking careful account of the characteristics of the active functional groups and possible steric hindrances affecting derivatization chemistry. Amphetamine-type stimulant drugs were acylated with Heptafluorobutyric Anhydride, benzodiazepines and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol were silylated with N-methyl-N-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide and benzoylecgonine, codeine, ethylmorphine, 6-monoacetylmorphine, morphine, pholcodine, buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine with N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide. In addition, the following analytes were included: methadone, cocaine, alprazolam, midazolam, fentanyl and zolpidem. In GC separation, fast temperature ramping and high carrier gas flow-rate combined with long 30 m columns of i.d. 0.32 mm offered a reduction in analysis time and sharp peak shapes while still maintaining sufficient resolution and high sample capacity. Validated parameters including selectivity, linearity, accuracy, intra- and inter-day precision, extraction efficiency and limit of quantitation were all within required limits. In contrast to previously published methods, this single procedure is suitable for the simultaneous toxicological determination of the most common illicit drugs and benzodiazepines, and also zolpidem, in a small amount of oral fluid. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Kari Ariniemi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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validated toxicological determination of 30 drugs of abuse as optimized derivatives in oral fluid by long column fast gas chromatography electron impact mass spectrometry
Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 2005Co-Authors: Teemu Gunnar, Kari Ariniemi, Pirjo M LillsundeAbstract:An analytical procedure was developed for the simultaneous sensitive identification, screening and quantitation of 30 drugs of abuse using 250 µl of human oral fluid. The method employs sequential mixed-mode solid-phase extraction (SPE), optimized derivative formation and long-column fast gas chromatography/electron impact mass spectrometry (GC/EI-MS). After sequential SPE elution, the most sensitive and stable derivatives were formed by taking careful account of the characteristics of the active functional groups and possible steric hindrances affecting derivatization chemistry. Amphetamine-type stimulant drugs were acylated with Heptafluorobutyric Anhydride, benzodiazepines and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol were silylated with N-methyl-N-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide and benzoylecgonine, codeine, ethylmorphine, 6-monoacetylmorphine, morphine, pholcodine, buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine with N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide. In addition, the following analytes were included: methadone, cocaine, alprazolam, midazolam, fentanyl and zolpidem. In GC separation, fast temperature ramping and high carrier gas flow-rate combined with long 30 m columns of i.d. 0.32 mm offered a reduction in analysis time and sharp peak shapes while still maintaining sufficient resolution and high sample capacity. Validated parameters including selectivity, linearity, accuracy, intra- and inter-day precision, extraction efficiency and limit of quantitation were all within required limits. In contrast to previously published methods, this single procedure is suitable for the simultaneous toxicological determination of the most common illicit drugs and benzodiazepines, and also zolpidem, in a small amount of oral fluid. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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validated toxicological determination of 30 drugs of abuse as optimized derivatives in oral fluid by long column fast gas chromatography electron impact mass spectrometry
Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 2005Co-Authors: Teemu Gunnar, Kari Ariniemi, Pirjo M LillsundeAbstract:An analytical procedure was developed for the simultaneous sensitive identification, screening and quantitation of 30 drugs of abuse using 250 µl of human oral fluid. The method employs sequential mixed-mode solid-phase extraction (SPE), optimized derivative formation and long-column fast gas chromatography/electron impact mass spectrometry (GC/EI-MS). After sequential SPE elution, the most sensitive and stable derivatives were formed by taking careful account of the characteristics of the active functional groups and possible steric hindrances affecting derivatization chemistry. Amphetamine-type stimulant drugs were acylated with Heptafluorobutyric Anhydride, benzodiazepines and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol were silylated with N-methyl-N-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide and benzoylecgonine, codeine, ethylmorphine, 6-monoacetylmorphine, morphine, pholcodine, buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine with N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide. In addition, the following analytes were included: methadone, cocaine, alprazolam, midazolam, fentanyl and zolpidem. In GC separation, fast temperature ramping and high carrier gas flow-rate combined with long 30 m columns of i.d. 0.32 mm offered a reduction in analysis time and sharp peak shapes while still maintaining sufficient resolution and high sample capacity. Validated parameters including selectivity, linearity, accuracy, intra- and inter-day precision, extraction efficiency and limit of quantitation were all within required limits. In contrast to previously published methods, this single procedure is suitable for the simultaneous toxicological determination of the most common illicit drugs and benzodiazepines, and also zolpidem, in a small amount of oral fluid. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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comprehensive drug screening in blood for detecting abused drugs or drugs potentially hazardous for traffic safety
Forensic Science International, 1996Co-Authors: Pirjo Lillsunde, Kari Ariniemi, Leena Michelson, Tarja Forsstrom, Taimi Korte, Eija Schultz, Maria Portman, Marjaliisa Sihvonen, Timo SeppalaAbstract:A comprehensive drug screening procedure for detecting drugs in the blood samples of car drivers suspected of driving under the influence of drugs, is presented. Amphetamines, cannabinoids, opioids, cocaine and benzodiazepines were screened by an immunological EMIT ETS system after acetone precipitation. Gas chromatographic methods were used to screen and quantitate basic, neutral and acidic drugs. The free amino groups of basic drugs were derivatized with Heptafluorobutyric Anhydride. Analysis was performed by a dual channel gas chromatograph combined with a nitrogen phosphorus and an electron capture detector. Phenyltrimethylammonium hydroxide was used as a methylathing agent for acidic substances before analysis with a gas chromatograph connected to a nitrogen phosphorus detector. A gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used as a common confirmation method. Tetrahydrocannabinol was quantitated after bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide derivatization, opiates after pentafluoropropionic Anhydride derivatization and benzoylecgonine after pentafluoropropionic Anhydride and pentafluoropropanol derivatization. Excluding benzodiazepines, which were confirmed with a gas chromatograph connected to a nitrogen phosphorus and an electron capture detector, the other basic drugs as well as the acidic drugs were confirmed after the same derivatization procedures as in the screening methods. Alcohols were quantitated in triplicate by gas chromatography using three different kinds of columns. Although urine is the most important specimen for screening abused drugs, it has only limited use in forensic toxicology. The described system is most useful for analyzing a wide range of substances, including illicit drugs, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, antidepressants and phenothiazenes in forensic samples when urine is not available.