The Experts below are selected from a list of 25257 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Charles A Nelson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reduced frontal gamma power at 24 months is associated with better expressive language in toddlers at Risk for autism
Autism Research, 2019Co-Authors: Carol L Wilkinson, Helen Tagerflusberg, April R Levin, Laurel J Gabarddurnam, Charles A NelsonAbstract:: Frontal gamma power has been associated with early language development in typically developing toddlers, and gamma band abnormalities have been observed in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), as well as High-Risk Infant siblings (those having an older sibling with ASD), as early as 6 months of age. The current study investigated differences in baseline frontal gamma power and its association with language development in toddlers at High versus low familial Risk for autism. Electroencephalography recordings as well as cognitive and behavioral assessments were acquired at 24 months as part of prospective, longitudinal study of Infant siblings of children with and without autism. Diagnosis of autism was determined at 24-36 months, and data were analyzed across three outcome groups-low-Risk without ASD (n = 43), High-Risk without ASD (n = 42), and High-Risk with ASD (n = 16). High-Risk toddlers without ASD had reduced baseline frontal gamma power (30-50 Hz) compared to low-Risk toddlers. Among High-Risk toddlers increased frontal gamma was only marginally associated with ASD diagnosis (P = 0.06), but significantly associated with reduced expressive language ability (P = 0.007). No association between gamma power and language was present in the low-Risk group. These findings suggest that differences in gamma oscillations in High-Risk toddlers may represent compensatory mechanisms associated with improved developmental outcomes. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1211-1224. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study looked at differences in neural activity in the gamma range and its association with language in toddlers with and without increased Risk for ASD. At 2 years of age, gamma power was lower in High-Risk toddlers without ASD compared to a low-Risk comparison group. Among High-Risk toddlers both with and without later ASD, reduced gamma power was also associated with better language outcomes, suggesting that gamma power may be a marker of language development in High-Risk children.
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reduced frontal gamma power at 24 months is associated with better expressive language in toddlers at Risk for autism
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Carol L Wilkinson, Helen Tagerflusberg, April R Levin, Laurel J Gabarddurnam, Charles A NelsonAbstract:Gamma oscillations have been associated with early language development in typically developing toddlers, and gamma band abnormalities have been observed in individuals with ASD, as well High-Risk Infant siblings (those having an older sibling with autism), as early as 6-months of age. The current study investigated differences in baseline frontal gamma power and its association with language development in toddlers at High versus low familial Risk for autism. EEG recordings as well as cognitive and behavioral assessments were acquired at 24-months as part of prospective, longitudinal study of Infant siblings of children with and without autism. Diagnosis of autism was determined at 24-36 months, and data was analyzed across three outcome groups - low Risk without ASD (n=43), High-Risk without ASD (n=42), and High-Risk with ASD (n=16). High-Risk toddlers without ASD had reduced baseline frontal gamma power (30-50Hz) compared to low-Risk toddlers. Among High-Risk toddlers increased frontal gamma was only marginally associated with ASD diagnosis (p=0.06), but significantly associated with reduced expressive language ability (p=0.007). No association between gamma power and language was present in the low-Risk group. These findings suggest that differences in gamma oscillations in High-Risk toddlers may represent compensatory mechanisms associated with improved developmental outcomes.
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maternal gesture use and language development in Infant siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2015Co-Authors: Meagan R Talbott, Charles A Nelson, Helen TagerflusbergAbstract:Impairments in language and communication are an early-appearing feature of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), with delays in language and gesture evident as early as the first year of life. Research with typically developing populations Highlights the importance of both Infant and maternal gesture use in Infants’ early language development. The current study explores the gesture production of Infants at Risk for autism and their mothers at 12 months of age, and the association between these early maternal and Infant gestures and between these early gestures and Infants’ language at 18 months. Gestures were scored from both a caregiver-Infant interaction (both Infants and mothers) and from a semi-structured task (Infants only). Mothers of non-diagnosed High Risk Infant siblings gestured more frequently than mothers of low Risk Infants. Infant and maternal gesture use at 12 months was associated with Infants’ language scores at 18 months in both low Risk and non-diagnosed High Risk Infants. These results demonstrate the impact of Risk status on maternal behavior and the importance of considering the role of social and contextual factors on the language development of Infants at Risk for autism. Results from the subset of Infants who meet preliminary criteria for ASD are also discussed.
Helen Tagerflusberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reduced frontal gamma power at 24 months is associated with better expressive language in toddlers at Risk for autism
Autism Research, 2019Co-Authors: Carol L Wilkinson, Helen Tagerflusberg, April R Levin, Laurel J Gabarddurnam, Charles A NelsonAbstract:: Frontal gamma power has been associated with early language development in typically developing toddlers, and gamma band abnormalities have been observed in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), as well as High-Risk Infant siblings (those having an older sibling with ASD), as early as 6 months of age. The current study investigated differences in baseline frontal gamma power and its association with language development in toddlers at High versus low familial Risk for autism. Electroencephalography recordings as well as cognitive and behavioral assessments were acquired at 24 months as part of prospective, longitudinal study of Infant siblings of children with and without autism. Diagnosis of autism was determined at 24-36 months, and data were analyzed across three outcome groups-low-Risk without ASD (n = 43), High-Risk without ASD (n = 42), and High-Risk with ASD (n = 16). High-Risk toddlers without ASD had reduced baseline frontal gamma power (30-50 Hz) compared to low-Risk toddlers. Among High-Risk toddlers increased frontal gamma was only marginally associated with ASD diagnosis (P = 0.06), but significantly associated with reduced expressive language ability (P = 0.007). No association between gamma power and language was present in the low-Risk group. These findings suggest that differences in gamma oscillations in High-Risk toddlers may represent compensatory mechanisms associated with improved developmental outcomes. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1211-1224. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study looked at differences in neural activity in the gamma range and its association with language in toddlers with and without increased Risk for ASD. At 2 years of age, gamma power was lower in High-Risk toddlers without ASD compared to a low-Risk comparison group. Among High-Risk toddlers both with and without later ASD, reduced gamma power was also associated with better language outcomes, suggesting that gamma power may be a marker of language development in High-Risk children.
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reduced frontal gamma power at 24 months is associated with better expressive language in toddlers at Risk for autism
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Carol L Wilkinson, Helen Tagerflusberg, April R Levin, Laurel J Gabarddurnam, Charles A NelsonAbstract:Gamma oscillations have been associated with early language development in typically developing toddlers, and gamma band abnormalities have been observed in individuals with ASD, as well High-Risk Infant siblings (those having an older sibling with autism), as early as 6-months of age. The current study investigated differences in baseline frontal gamma power and its association with language development in toddlers at High versus low familial Risk for autism. EEG recordings as well as cognitive and behavioral assessments were acquired at 24-months as part of prospective, longitudinal study of Infant siblings of children with and without autism. Diagnosis of autism was determined at 24-36 months, and data was analyzed across three outcome groups - low Risk without ASD (n=43), High-Risk without ASD (n=42), and High-Risk with ASD (n=16). High-Risk toddlers without ASD had reduced baseline frontal gamma power (30-50Hz) compared to low-Risk toddlers. Among High-Risk toddlers increased frontal gamma was only marginally associated with ASD diagnosis (p=0.06), but significantly associated with reduced expressive language ability (p=0.007). No association between gamma power and language was present in the low-Risk group. These findings suggest that differences in gamma oscillations in High-Risk toddlers may represent compensatory mechanisms associated with improved developmental outcomes.
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maternal gesture use and language development in Infant siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2015Co-Authors: Meagan R Talbott, Charles A Nelson, Helen TagerflusbergAbstract:Impairments in language and communication are an early-appearing feature of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), with delays in language and gesture evident as early as the first year of life. Research with typically developing populations Highlights the importance of both Infant and maternal gesture use in Infants’ early language development. The current study explores the gesture production of Infants at Risk for autism and their mothers at 12 months of age, and the association between these early maternal and Infant gestures and between these early gestures and Infants’ language at 18 months. Gestures were scored from both a caregiver-Infant interaction (both Infants and mothers) and from a semi-structured task (Infants only). Mothers of non-diagnosed High Risk Infant siblings gestured more frequently than mothers of low Risk Infants. Infant and maternal gesture use at 12 months was associated with Infants’ language scores at 18 months in both low Risk and non-diagnosed High Risk Infants. These results demonstrate the impact of Risk status on maternal behavior and the importance of considering the role of social and contextual factors on the language development of Infants at Risk for autism. Results from the subset of Infants who meet preliminary criteria for ASD are also discussed.
Lonnie Zwaigenbaum - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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early expressive and receptive language trajectories in High Risk Infant siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder
Autism & Developmental Language Impairments, 2017Co-Authors: Julie Longard, Nancy Garon, Lonnie Zwaigenbaum, Isabel M. Smith, Jessica Brian, Peter Szatmari, Eric Duku, Chris Moore, Tracy Vaillancourt, Susan E. BrysonAbstract:Background & aimsIn response to limited research on early language development in Infants at High Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), the current prospective study examined early expressive an...
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prospective examination of visual attention during play in Infants at High Risk for autism spectrum disorder a longitudinal study from 6 to 36 months of age
Behavioural Brain Research, 2013Co-Authors: Loriann R Sacrey, Susan E. Bryson, Lonnie ZwaigenbaumAbstract:Abstract Regulation of visual attention is essential to learning about one's environment. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit impairments in regulating their visual attention, but little is known about how such impairments develop over time. This prospective longitudinal study is the first to describe the development of components of visual attention, including engaging, sustaining, and disengaging attention, in Infants at High-Risk of developing ASD (each with an older sibling with ASD). Non-sibling controls and High-Risk Infant siblings were filmed at 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 24, and 36 months of age as they engaged in play with small, easily graspable toys. Duration of time spent looking at toy targets before moving the hand toward the target and the duration of time spent looking at the target after grasp were measured. At 36 months of age, an independent, gold standard diagnostic assessment for ASD was conducted for all participants. As predicted, Infant siblings subsequently diagnosed with ASD were distinguished by prolonged latency to disengage (‘sticky attention’) by 12 months of age, and continued to show this characteristic at 15, 18, and 24 months of age. The results are discussed in relation to how the development of visual attention may impact later cognitive outcomes of children diagnosed with ASD.
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Temperament and its Relationship to Autistic Symptoms in a High-Risk Infant Sib Cohort
Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 2009Co-Authors: Nancy Garon, Susan E. Bryson, Lonnie Zwaigenbaum, Isabel M. Smith, Jessica Brian, Wendy Roberts, Peter SzatmariAbstract:The present study prospectively investigated early temperamental profiles and their associations with autistic symptoms in High-Risk Infants ( N = 138) with an older sibling with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) and low-Risk Infants ( N = 73) with no family history of ASD. Children who were diagnosed with ASD at 36 months were distinguished from non-ASD sibs and controls by a temperament profile marked by lower positive affect, Higher negative affect and difficulty controlling attention and behavior, which we labeled Effortful Emotion Regulation. This profile also distinguished the non-ASD sib group from the control group. Children with ASD were distinguished from both of the other two groups by a temperament profile of low Behavioral Approach (lower sensitivity to “social” reward cues). Low levels of Behavioral Approach were associated with a Higher number of ASD symptoms, even after taking into account IQ, sex and group membership. Finally, a cluster analysis revealed two ASD subgroups distinguished by number of ASD symptoms, IQ, age of diagnosis and scores on the Behavioral Approach profile. These findings suggest that temperament may be a useful framework for understanding the emergence of ASD early in life.
Lisa J Chamberlain - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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meeting the needs of postpartum women with and without a recent preterm birth perceptions of maternal family planning in pediatrics
Maternal and Child Health Journal, 2020Co-Authors: Jayme L Congdon, Lee A Trope, Janine S Bruce, Paul J Chung, Christine Dehlendorf, Lisa J ChamberlainAbstract:Author(s): Congdon, Jayme L; Trope, Lee A; Bruce, Janine S; Chung, Paul J; Dehlendorf, Christine; Chamberlain, Lisa J | Abstract: OBJECTIVES:Women face distinct barriers to meeting their reproductive health needs postpartum, especially women who deliver preterm. Pediatric encounters present unique opportunities to address women's family planning, particularly within 18 months of a prior pregnancy, when pregnancy has an elevated Risk of an adverse outcome, such as preterm birth. To ensure maternal family planning initiatives are designed in a patient-centered manner, we explored perspectives on addressing reproductive health in a pediatric setting among women with and without a recent preterm delivery. METHODS:We conducted semi-structured, qualitative interviews with 41 women (66% delivered preterm). Women who delivered at any gestational age were interviewed at a pediatric primary care clinic. We also interviewed women whose Infants were either in a level II intensive care nursery or attending a High-Risk Infant follow-up clinic, all of whom had delivered preterm. Data were analyzed using team-based coding and theme analysis. RESULTS:While women's preferred timing and setting for addressing peripartum contraception varied, they largely considered pediatric settings to be an acceptable place to discuss family planning. A few women felt family planning fell outside of the pediatric scope or distracted from the child focus. Women discussed various barriers to accessing family planning care postpartum, including circumstances unique to women who delivered preterm. CONCLUSIONS FOR PRACTICE:Family planning interventions in pediatric settings were overall an acceptable approach to reducing barriers to care among our sample of women who predominantly delivered preterm. These exploratory findings justify further investigation to assess their generalizability and to develop maternal family planning interventions for pediatric settings.
Susan E. Bryson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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early expressive and receptive language trajectories in High Risk Infant siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder
Autism & Developmental Language Impairments, 2017Co-Authors: Julie Longard, Nancy Garon, Lonnie Zwaigenbaum, Isabel M. Smith, Jessica Brian, Peter Szatmari, Eric Duku, Chris Moore, Tracy Vaillancourt, Susan E. BrysonAbstract:Background & aimsIn response to limited research on early language development in Infants at High Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), the current prospective study examined early expressive an...
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prospective examination of visual attention during play in Infants at High Risk for autism spectrum disorder a longitudinal study from 6 to 36 months of age
Behavioural Brain Research, 2013Co-Authors: Loriann R Sacrey, Susan E. Bryson, Lonnie ZwaigenbaumAbstract:Abstract Regulation of visual attention is essential to learning about one's environment. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit impairments in regulating their visual attention, but little is known about how such impairments develop over time. This prospective longitudinal study is the first to describe the development of components of visual attention, including engaging, sustaining, and disengaging attention, in Infants at High-Risk of developing ASD (each with an older sibling with ASD). Non-sibling controls and High-Risk Infant siblings were filmed at 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 24, and 36 months of age as they engaged in play with small, easily graspable toys. Duration of time spent looking at toy targets before moving the hand toward the target and the duration of time spent looking at the target after grasp were measured. At 36 months of age, an independent, gold standard diagnostic assessment for ASD was conducted for all participants. As predicted, Infant siblings subsequently diagnosed with ASD were distinguished by prolonged latency to disengage (‘sticky attention’) by 12 months of age, and continued to show this characteristic at 15, 18, and 24 months of age. The results are discussed in relation to how the development of visual attention may impact later cognitive outcomes of children diagnosed with ASD.
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Temperament and its Relationship to Autistic Symptoms in a High-Risk Infant Sib Cohort
Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 2009Co-Authors: Nancy Garon, Susan E. Bryson, Lonnie Zwaigenbaum, Isabel M. Smith, Jessica Brian, Wendy Roberts, Peter SzatmariAbstract:The present study prospectively investigated early temperamental profiles and their associations with autistic symptoms in High-Risk Infants ( N = 138) with an older sibling with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) and low-Risk Infants ( N = 73) with no family history of ASD. Children who were diagnosed with ASD at 36 months were distinguished from non-ASD sibs and controls by a temperament profile marked by lower positive affect, Higher negative affect and difficulty controlling attention and behavior, which we labeled Effortful Emotion Regulation. This profile also distinguished the non-ASD sib group from the control group. Children with ASD were distinguished from both of the other two groups by a temperament profile of low Behavioral Approach (lower sensitivity to “social” reward cues). Low levels of Behavioral Approach were associated with a Higher number of ASD symptoms, even after taking into account IQ, sex and group membership. Finally, a cluster analysis revealed two ASD subgroups distinguished by number of ASD symptoms, IQ, age of diagnosis and scores on the Behavioral Approach profile. These findings suggest that temperament may be a useful framework for understanding the emergence of ASD early in life.