The Experts below are selected from a list of 384 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Yonvitner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
KELIMPAHAN ZOOPLANKTON DAN BIOMASSA IKAN TERI (Stolephorus spp.) PADA BAGAN DI PERAIRAN KWATISORE TELUK CENDERAWASIH PAPUA (Abundance of Zooplankton and Biomass of Anchovy (Stolephorus spp.) of Liftnet at Kwatisore Bay, Cendrawasih Gulf, Papua)
Marine Fisheries : Journal of Marine Fisheries Technology and Management, 2016Co-Authors: Amelian Dinisia, Enan M. Adiwilaga, YonvitnerAbstract:ABSTRACT Millions of organisms can be found in the Cenderawasih Gulf National Park area, especially in the waters of the Kwatisore Bay, Nabire and has been well-known to almost all over the world. Large zooplankton is an important food for migrated fish larvae and all kinds of fish including anchovies. Anchovy is the food of large and small pelagic fish groups. Groups of fish that use plankton as food were included anchovy. The main catch product of lift net at the Kwatisore bay is anchovy (Stolephorus spp.). This study aims to assess the level of availability of anchovy in relation to the abundance of zooplankton as food and to analyze the influence of anchovy fishing activities with lift net fishing gear. The results were obtained 51 species of zooplankton, which consists of 44 types Holoplankton and 7 types of meroplankton. There were 17 species of zooplankton were found in the stomach of anchovy with the subgroup dominated by copepods (73.51 %). Among 17 species of zooplankton there 2 types that were found in all four sampling periods, namely Calanus sp. 2 and Euterpina acutifrons. There is a relationship between the abundance of individual zooplankton in the waters of the anchovy biomass and also between the abundance of zooplankton and biomass of anchovy. Keywords: abundance of zooplankton, biomass of anchovy, lift net at Kwatisore ------- ABSTRAK Jutaan organisme dapat ditemukan dalam kawasan Taman Nasional Teluk Cenderawasih khususnya di perairan Kwatisore, Nabire dan telah terkenal sampai hampir ke seluruh dunia. Zooplankton berukuran besar merupakan makanan penting bagi ikan-ikan yang bermigrasi dan larva semua jenis ikan termasuk didalamnya ikan teri. Ikan teri merupakan makanan dari kelompok ikan pelagis besar dan kecil. Kelompok ikan-ikan yang banyak memanfaatkan plankton dari kelompok ikan pelagis kecil diantaranya ikan teri. Hasil tangkapan utama bagan penangkap ikan pelagis kecil di perairan Kwatisore ialah jenis teri (Stolephorus sp.). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji tingkat ketersediaan ikan teri dalam kaitannya dengan kelimpahan zooplankton sebagai makanannya serta menganalisis pengaruh dari aktivitas penangkapan ikan teri dengan alat tangkap bagan. Secara keseluruhan dari seluruh stasiun dalam setiap periode sampling, diperoleh 51 jenis zooplankton yang terdiri atas 44 jenis Holoplankton dan 7 jenis meroplankton. Terdapat 17 jenis zooplankton yang ditemukan dalam lambung ikan teri dengan didominasi oleh Sub-grup Copepoda (73,51%). Diantara ke-17 jenis zooplankton tersebut terdapat 2 jenis yang ditemukan pada keempat periode sampling yaitu Calanus Sp.2 dan Euterpina acutifrons. Hasil analisis regresi linier antara biomassa ikan teri hasil tangkapan bagan dan kelimpahan maupun antara biomassa ikan teri hasil tangkapan bagan dan jumlah jenis zooplankton menunjukkan adanya korelasi positif. Kata kunci: kelimpahan zooplankton, biomassa ikan teri, bagan di Kwatisore
-
KELIMPAHAN ZOOPLANKTON DAN BIOMASSA IKAN TERI (Stolephorus spp.) PADA BAGAN DI PERAIRAN KWATISORE TELUK CENDERAWASIH PAPUA (Abundance of Zooplankton and Biomass of Anchovy (Stolephorus spp.) of Liftnet at Kwatisore Bay, Cendrawasih Gulf, Papua)
'Institut Pertanian Bogor', 2016Co-Authors: Dinisia Amelian, Adiwilaga, Enan M., YonvitnerAbstract:ABSTRACTMillions of organisms can be found in the Cenderawasih Gulf National Park area, especially in the waters of the Kwatisore Bay, Nabire and has been well-known to almost all over the world. Large zooplankton is an important food for migrated fish larvae and all kinds of fish including anchovies. Anchovy is the food of large and small pelagic fish groups. Groups of fish that use plankton as food were included anchovy. The main catch product of lift net at the Kwatisore bay is anchovy (Stolephorus spp.). This study aims to assess the level of availability of anchovy in relation to the abundance of zooplankton as food and to analyze the influence of anchovy fishing activities with lift net fishing gear. The results were obtained 51 species of zooplankton, which consists of 44 types Holoplankton and 7 types of meroplankton. There were 17 species of zooplankton were found in the stomach of anchovy with the subgroup dominated by copepods (73.51 %). Among 17 species of zooplankton there 2 types that were found in all four sampling periods, namely Calanus sp. 2 and Euterpina acutifrons. There is a relationship between the abundance of individual zooplankton in the waters of the anchovy biomass and also between the abundance of zooplankton and biomass of anchovy.Keywords: abundance of zooplankton, biomass of anchovy, lift net at Kwatisore-------ABSTRAKJutaan organisme dapat ditemukan dalam kawasan Taman Nasional Teluk Cenderawasih khususnya di perairan Kwatisore, Nabire dan telah terkenal sampai hampir ke seluruh dunia. Zooplankton berukuran besar merupakan makanan penting bagi ikan-ikan yang bermigrasi dan larva semua jenis ikan termasuk didalamnya ikan teri. Ikan teri merupakan makanan dari kelompok ikan pelagis besar dan kecil. Kelompok ikan-ikan yang banyak memanfaatkan plankton dari kelompok ikan pelagis kecil diantaranya ikan teri. Hasil tangkapan utama bagan penangkap ikan pelagis kecil di perairan Kwatisore ialah jenis teri (Stolephorus sp.). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji tingkat ketersediaan ikan teri dalam kaitannya dengan kelimpahan zooplankton sebagai makanannya serta menganalisis pengaruh dari aktivitas penangkapan ikan teri dengan alat tangkap bagan. Secara keseluruhan dari seluruh stasiun dalam setiap periode sampling, diperoleh 51 jenis zooplankton yang terdiri atas 44 jenis Holoplankton dan 7 jenis meroplankton. Terdapat 17 jenis zooplankton yang ditemukan dalam lambung ikan teri dengan didominasi oleh Sub-grup Copepoda (73,51%). Diantara ke-17 jenis zooplankton tersebut terdapat 2 jenis yang ditemukan pada keempat periode sampling yaitu Calanus Sp.2 dan Euterpina acutifrons. Hasil analisis regresi linier antara biomassa ikan teri hasil tangkapan bagan dan kelimpahan maupun antara biomassa ikan teri hasil tangkapan bagan dan jumlah jenis zooplankton menunjukkan adanya korelasi positif.Kata kunci: kelimpahan zooplankton, biomassa ikan teri, bagan di Kwatisor
Angus Atkinson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Feeding rates and prey selectivity of planktonic decapod larvae in the Western English Channel
Marine Biology, 2014Co-Authors: Elaine S. Fileman, Penelope K. Lindeque, Rachel A. Harmer, Claudia Halsband, Angus AtkinsonAbstract:Meroplankton are seasonally important contributors to the zooplankton, particularly at inshore sites, yet their feeding ecology is poorly known relative to Holoplankton. While several studies have measured feeding in decapod larvae, few studies have examined the feeding rates of decapod larvae on natural prey assemblages throughout the reproductive season. We conducted 8 feeding experiments with Necora puber , Liocarcinus spp. and Upogebia spp. zoea larvae collected from the L4 monitoring site off Plymouth (50°15.00′N, 4°13.02′W) during spring–summer 2009 and 2010. This period spanned moderate-to-high food availability (0.5–1.6 µg chl- a L^−1), but a great range in food composition with small cells
-
Composition of taxa in the zooplankton samples derived from morphological and metagenetic analysis.
2013Co-Authors: Penelope K. Lindeque, Helen E. Parry, Rachel A. Harmer, Paul J. Somerfield, Angus AtkinsonAbstract:The plankton data has been separated into (A) Copepoda, (B) Holoplankton (minus the Copepoda) and (C) Meroplankton. Values above each bar show the percentage contribution of each group to the total number of sequences (metagenetic analysis) or organisms m-3 (morphological analysis) for each time point. The bar charts show the composition of taxa present within each group as a percentage of the total number of sequences/organisms in that group.
Mark E. Hay - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
2002. Palatability of marine macro-Holoplankton: Nematocysts, notional quality, and chemistry as defenses against consumers
2015Co-Authors: Stephan G. Bullard, Mark E. HayAbstract:Chemical defenses against consumers have been hypothesized to be common among marine macro-Holoplankton, but few studies have assessed macro-Holoplankton susceptibility to predators or the traits affecting palatability. We used generalist fishes to determine the palatability of fresh tissues, freeze-dried homogenates, and chemical extracts from 19 species of macro-Holoplankton. Fishes rejected fresh tissues of all the cnidarians, ctenophores, and cya-nobacteria we examined but consumed salp and chaetognath tissues. In contrast, fishes consumed homogenates and chemical extracts of all macro-Holoplankton except for the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium sp. We examined nem-atocysts and low nutritional quality as mechanisms causing rejection of fresh tissues. Once nematocysts were deactivated, fishes consumed cnidarian tentacles, indicating that nematocysts served as defenses. The nutritional quality of macro-Holoplankton varied almost 500-fold among species and was strongly bimodal, with most macro-Holoplankton species having #0.7 mg soluble protein ml21 or $7 mg ml21. In laboratory assays, there was a significant positive relationship between the nutritional quality of artificial foods and their acceptability to fishes. In field assays, reef fishes avoided experimental foods that had a protein content similar to low-quality macro-Holoplankton but fed rapidly on higher quality foods. Furthermore, macro-Holoplankton that were high in protein content possessed defensive traits that low-protein species lacked. Although fresh tissues of most macro-holoplank
-
� 2002, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc. Palatability of marine macro-Holoplankton: Nematocysts, nutritional quality, and chemistry as defenses against consumers
2013Co-Authors: Stephan G. Bullard, Mark E. HayAbstract:Chemical defenses against consumers have been hypothesized to be common among marine macro-Holoplankton, but few studies have assessed macro-Holoplankton susceptibility to predators or the traits affecting palatability. We used generalist fishes to determine the palatability of fresh tissues, freeze-dried homogenates, and chemical extracts from 19 species of macro-Holoplankton. Fishes rejected fresh tissues of all the cnidarians, ctenophores, and cyanobacteria we examined but consumed salp and chaetognath tissues. In contrast, fishes consumed homogenates and chemical extracts of all macro-Holoplankton except for the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium sp. We examined nematocysts and low nutritional quality as mechanisms causing rejection of fresh tissues. Once nematocysts were deactivated, fishes consumed cnidarian tentacles, indicating that nematocysts served as defenses. The nutritional quality of macro-Holoplankton varied almost 500-fold among species and was strongly bimodal, with most macroHoloplankton species having �0.7 mg soluble protein ml�1 or �7 mgml�1. In laboratory assays, there was a significant positive relationship between the nutritional quality of artificial foods and their acceptability to fishes. In field assays, reef fishes avoided experimental foods that had a protein content similar to low-quality macroHoloplankton but fed rapidly on higher quality foods. Furthermore, macro-Holoplankton that were high in protein content possessed defensive traits that low-protein species lacked. Although fresh tissues of most macro-holoplankto
-
Palatability of marine macro‐Holoplankton: Nematocysts, nutritional quality, and chemistry as defenses against consumers
Limnology and Oceanography, 2002Co-Authors: Stephan G. Bullard, Mark E. HayAbstract:Chemical defenses against consumers have been hypothesized to be common among marine macro-Holoplankton, but few studies have assessed macro-Holoplankton susceptibility to predators or the traits affecting palatability. We used generalist fishes to determine the palatability of fresh tissues, freeze-dried homogenates, and chemical extracts from 19 species of macro-Holoplankton. Fishes rejected fresh tissues of all the cnidarians, ctenophores, and cyanobacteria we examined but consumed salp and chaetognath tissues. In contrast, fishes consumed homogenates and chemical extracts of all macro-Holoplankton except for the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium sp. We examined nematocysts and low nutritional quality as mechanisms causing rejection of fresh tissues. Once nematocysts were deactivated, fishes consumed cnidarian tentacles, indicating that nematocysts served as defenses. The nutritional quality of macro-Holoplankton varied almost 500-fold among species and was strongly bimodal, with most macroHoloplankton species having ≪0.7 mg soluble protein ml-1 or ≫7 mg ml-1. In laboratory assays, there was a significant positive relationship between the nutritional quality of artificial foods and their acceptability to fishes. In field assays, reef fishes avoided experimental foods that had a protein content similar to low-quality macroHoloplankton but fed rapidly on higher quality foods. Furthermore, macro-Holoplankton that were high in protein content possessed defensive traits that low-protein species lacked. Although fresh tissues of most macro-Holoplankton were rejected by generalist fishes, we found evidence of chemical defense only in a cyanobacterium. Thus, chemical defenses were rare among macro-Holoplankton, and rejection for ≫90% of the species we assessed was due to nematocysts or low nutritional quality.
-
palatability of marine macro Holoplankton nematocysts nutritional quality and chemistry as defenses against consumers
Limnology and Oceanography, 2002Co-Authors: Stephan G. Bullard, Mark E. HayAbstract:Chemical defenses against consumers have been hypothesized to be common among marine macro-Holoplankton, but few studies have assessed macro-Holoplankton susceptibility to predators or the traits affecting palatability. We used generalist fishes to determine the palatability of fresh tissues, freeze-dried homogenates, and chemical extracts from 19 species of macro-Holoplankton. Fishes rejected fresh tissues of all the cnidarians, ctenophores, and cyanobacteria we examined but consumed salp and chaetognath tissues. In contrast, fishes consumed homogenates and chemical extracts of all macro-Holoplankton except for the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium sp. We examined nematocysts and low nutritional quality as mechanisms causing rejection of fresh tissues. Once nematocysts were deactivated, fishes consumed cnidarian tentacles, indicating that nematocysts served as defenses. The nutritional quality of macro-Holoplankton varied almost 500-fold among species and was strongly bimodal, with most macroHoloplankton species having ≪0.7 mg soluble protein ml-1 or ≫7 mg ml-1. In laboratory assays, there was a significant positive relationship between the nutritional quality of artificial foods and their acceptability to fishes. In field assays, reef fishes avoided experimental foods that had a protein content similar to low-quality macroHoloplankton but fed rapidly on higher quality foods. Furthermore, macro-Holoplankton that were high in protein content possessed defensive traits that low-protein species lacked. Although fresh tissues of most macro-Holoplankton were rejected by generalist fishes, we found evidence of chemical defense only in a cyanobacterium. Thus, chemical defenses were rare among macro-Holoplankton, and rejection for ≫90% of the species we assessed was due to nematocysts or low nutritional quality.
J. A. Lindley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
ICES CM 2007\A:16 Long-term changes in the meroplankton of the North
2015Co-Authors: J. A. Lindley, R. R KirbyAbstract:Data from the continuous plankton recorder (CPR) survey collected in the late-1940s to early-1960s indicated that the abundance of decapod larvae was low and the seasonal peak of abundance was late following cold winters. The phenological effect of temperature was shown to be consistent with relationships between both geographical and interannual patterns of variation. Analyses of CPR data collected from the 1940s to the present day reveal large-scale long-term changes in the abundance and phenology of the North Sea meroplankton. Echinoderm larvae, whose peak abundance has advanced by 47 days, show the greatest shift in timing. Echinoderm larvae have also increased in abundance to become the most abundant taxon in North Sea CPR samples. Genetic and morphological analyses of CPR samples show that the variations in echinoderm larvae are mainly attributable to an increasing abundance and earlier occurrence of the larvae of a resident species, Echinocardium cordatum, rather than a change in species composition. The remarkable scale of the changes in abundance and phenology of the meroplankton, which are greater than those seen in the Holoplankton, has stimulated the development of further research into the causes and effects of these changes
-
climate induced effects on the meroplankton and the benthic pelagic ecology of the north sea
Limnology and Oceanography, 2008Co-Authors: Richard R Kirby, Gregory Beaugrand, J. A. LindleyAbstract:Analyses of long-term time series of North Sea plankton and sea surface temperature (SST) data reveal that the annual planktonic larval abundance of three benthic phyla, Echinodermata, Arthropoda, and Mollusca, responds positively and immediately to SST. Long-term outcomes for the planktonic abundance of these three phyla are different, however. The planktonic larvae of echinoderms and decapod crustaceans have increased in abundance from 1958 to 2005, and especially since the mid-1980s, as North Sea SST has increased. In contrast, the abundance of bivalve mollusc larvae has declined, despite the positive year-to-year relationship between temperature and bivalve larval abundance continuing to hold. We argue that the changes in meroplankton abundance, coincident with increased phytoplankton and declining Holoplankton, reflect the synchronous effect of rising SST and related changes in the pelagic community on the reproduction and recruitment of many benthic marine invertebrates. Under this scenario, the long-term decline in bivalve mollusc larvae will reflect increased predation on the settled larvae and adults by benthic decapods. These alterations in the zooplankton may therefore describe an ecosystem-wide restructuring of North Sea trophic interactions.
-
Long-term changes in the meroplankton of the North Sea
CM Documents - ICES, 2007Co-Authors: J. A. Lindley, Richard R KirbyAbstract:Data from the continuous plankton recorder (CPR) survey collected in the late-1940s to early-1960s indicated that the abundance of decapod larvae was low and the seasonal peak of abundance was late following cold winters. The phenological effect of temperature was shown to be consistent with relationships between both geographical and interannual patterns of variation. Analyses of CPR data collected from the 1940s to the present day reveal large-scale long-term changes in the abundance and phenology of the North Sea meroplankton. Echinoderm larvae, whose peak abundance has advanced by 47 days, show the greatest shift in timing. Echinoderm larvae have also increased in abundance to become the most abundant taxon in North Sea CPR samples. Genetic and morphological analyses of CPR samples show that the variations in echinoderm larvae are mainly attributable to an increasing abundance and earlier occurrence of the larvae of a resident species, Echinocardium cordatum, rather than a change in species composition. The remarkable scale of the changes in abundance and phenology of the meroplankton, which are greater than those seen in the Holoplankton, has stimulated the development of further research into the causes and effects of these changes.
-
Long-term variability in the diversity of North Sea zooplankton
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 2002Co-Authors: J. A. Lindley, S.d. BattenAbstract:Results from the Continuous Plankton Recorder survey were used to study long-term changes in the zooplankton of four regularly sampled areas of the North Sea. The trends in α-diversity are described and analysed. Species associated with inflow of oceanic or mixed waters from the Atlantic or shelf to the west and south of Britain have increased in abundance or frequency of occurrence. Meroplankton have also increased but resident Holoplankton and those associated with colder oceanic or mixed waters have declined. These changes have resulted in an increase in the species richness in the areas in the north-western North Sea. There was a period of low diversity in the late 1970s and early 1980s in the most southerly area, furthest from the sources of inflow. The evidence for a long-term trend was stronger than relationships between diversity and either the North Atlantic Oscillation or variation in position of the Gulf Stream in the western Atlantic.
-
Diversity biomass and production of decapod crustacean larvae in a changing environment
Invertebrate Reproduction & Development, 1998Co-Authors: J. A. LindleyAbstract:Summary There is a latitudinal gradient in the species richness of Decapoda with pelagic larvae. For example, only two species of Brachyura are found around Svalbard, 54 species are known from the English Channel and ~100 from the Atlantic coast of the Iberian peninsula. The distributions of many species are limited by effects of temperature. Intermoult times of larvae are inversely related to temperature. In the field the size of larvae is inversely related to temperature, the relationship tending to increase in significance in successive larval stages. The timing of the seasonal occurrence of larvae of decapod species in the plankton is also related to temperature, to a greater extent than are seasonal cycles of the Holoplankton. These effects of temperature on larval development influence the biomass and production of the larvae in the plankton. Some potential effects of climate change on the distributions and dynamics of planktonic larvae of decapods and consequent changes in their diversity, biomass ...
Guerra Ángel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Short-term meso-scale variability of mesozooplankton communities in a coastal upwelling system (NW Spain)
'Elsevier BV', 2013Co-Authors: Roura Álvaro, Álvarez-salgado, Xosé Antón, González, Ángel F., Gregori María, Rosón Gabriel, Guerra ÁngelAbstract:15 páginas, 8 figuras, 10 tablasThe short-term, meso-scale variability of the mesozooplankton community present in the coastal upwelling system of the Ría de Vigo (NW Spain) has been analysed. Three well-defined communities were identified: coastal, frontal and oceanic, according to their Holoplankton–meroplankton ratio, richness, and total abundance. These communities changed from summer to autumn due to a shift from downwelling to upwelling-favourable conditions coupled with taxa dependent changes in life strategies. Relationships between the resemblance matrix of mesozooplankton and the resemblance matrices of meteorologic, hydrographic and community-derived biotic variables were determined with distance-based linear models (DistLM, 18 variables), showing an increasing amount of explained variability of 6%, 16.1% and 54.5%, respectively. A simplified model revealed that the variability found in the resemblance matrix of mesozooplankton was mainly described by the Holoplankton–meroplankton ratio, the total abundance, the influence of lunar cycles, the upwelling index and the richness; altogether accounting for 64% of the total variability. The largest variability of the mesozooplankton resemblance matrix (39.6%) is accounted by the Holoplankton–meroplankton ratio, a simple index that describes appropriately the coastal–ocean gradient. The communities described herein kept their integrity in the studied upwelling and downwelling episodes in spite of the highly advective environment off the Ría de Vigo, presumably due to behavioural changes in the vertical position of the zooplankton.This study was supported by the projects CAIBEX (Spanish Ministry of Innovation and Science CTM2007-66408-C02) and LARECO (CTM2011-25929), FEDER Funds and the first author by a JAE-pre grant (CSIC) cofinanced with Fondo Social Europeo (ESF) funds.Peer reviewe