The Experts below are selected from a list of 40869 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Slawomir śmiech - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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invisible energy poverty analysing Housing Costs in central and eastern europe
Energy research and social science, 2020Co-Authors: Lilia Karpinska, Slawomir śmiechAbstract:Abstract The paper presents a comprehensive approach to capturing the scale of exposure to hidden energy poverty at a household level in 11 Central and Eastern European countries. Despite constant refinements, the currently used energy poverty metrics remain highly controversial when it comes to inter-country comparisons. Scarce data and the lack of agreement on the energy poverty definition among the EU countries impedes operationalization of energy poverty measures on a global scale. Instead, we propose a reliable tool for tracking hidden energy poverty based on the existing micro-level data compiled by Eurostat. The paper assumes that the energy poor limit their energy consumption to the level below what is reasonably assumed a decent life. To estimate the expected energy Costs, the paper introduces a new statistical approach. We consider multiple aspects of exposure to hidden energy poverty, including dwelling parameters and location, households’ structure, and regional specificity. Our findings confirm that on average 23.57% of the Central and Eastern European population is exposed to hidden energy poverty. The examined profiles are quite heterogeneous. In general, the affected are single-person households or living in detached houses and remote areas households with dependent children. The paper provides suggestions for targeted policy action.
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conceptualising Housing Costs the hidden face of energy poverty in poland
Energy Policy, 2020Co-Authors: Lilia Karpinska, Slawomir śmiechAbstract:Abstract The study proposes an approach to assess a hidden aspect of energy poverty (EP) in Poland. We consider households' energy under-consumption driven by low energy efficiency and budgetary constraints. A household is exposed to hidden energy poverty (HEP) if it's total disposable income after deducting the expected Housing cost falls under the established threshold. To approximate the expected total Housing expenditures, the data from the EU-SILC dataset on dwellings parameters, households' attributes and regional characteristics of Poland is used. The results show that in 2017 the scale of exposure to HEP in Poland was 23.7 per cent and this phenomenon is to some extent linked to income poverty. There is a clear distinction between subjective EP indicators and exposure to HEP. Two different profiles of exposed to HEP households in Poland are constructed. The first group lives in detached houses and is composed of households with dependent children. The second group consists of elderly people inhabiting blocks of flats. Both groups should be targeted by separate policies.
Eric M Roberts - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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neighborhood social environments and the distribution of low birthweight in chicago
American Journal of Public Health, 1997Co-Authors: Eric M RobertsAbstract:OBJECTIVES: This study examined the socioeconomic precursors of disparities in maternal health by measuring the associations of nine neighborhood-level indicators of social phenomena with low infant birthweight. METHODS: Vital records and census data for the Chicago metropolitan area in 1990 were merged (n = 112,327); a logistic regression model predicting low birthweight was estimated by backward elimination. RESULTS: With individual-level variables held constant, six neighborhood-level indicators predicted low birthweight, together contributing to a variation in rate of 5.5%. Community economic hardship and Housing Costs were positively associated with low birthweight, while community socioeconomic status, crowded Housing, and high percentages of young and African-American residents were negatively associated with low birthweight. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal health inequalities should be explored in the context of historical segregation, social stratification, the dynamics of social support, and resource shar...
Nancy E Reichman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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life shocks and homelessness
Demography, 2013Co-Authors: Marah A Curtis, Hope Corman, Kelly Noonan, Nancy E ReichmanAbstract:We exploited an exogenous health shock—namely, the birth of a child with a severe health condition—to investigate the effect of a life shock on homelessness in large cities in the United States as well as the interactive effects of the shock with Housing market characteristics. We considered a traditional measure of homelessness, two measures of Housing instability thought to be precursors to homelessness, and a combined measure that approximates the broadened conceptualization of homelessness under the 2009 Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing Act (2010). We found that the shock substantially increases the likelihood of family homelessness, particularly in cities with high Housing Costs. The findings are consistent with the economic theory of homelessness, which posits that homelessness results from a conjunction of adverse circumstances in which Housing markets and individual characteristics collide.
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life shocks and homelessness
Social Science Research Network, 2011Co-Authors: Marah A Curtis, Hope Corman, Kelly Noonan, Nancy E ReichmanAbstract:We exploit an exogenous health shock--the birth of a child with a severe health condition--to investigate the causal effect of a life shock on homelessness. Using survey data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing study that have been augmented with information from hospital medical records, we find that the health shock increases the likelihood of homelessness three years later, particularly in cities with high Housing Costs. Homelessness is defined using both a traditional measure and a more contemporary measure that includes residential instability and doubling up without paying rent. The findings are consistent with the economic theory of homelessness, which posits that homelessness results from a conjunction of adverse circumstances in which Housing markets and individual characteristics collide. They also add to a growing body of evidence that Housing markets are an important contributor to homelessness and suggest that homelessness is a problem not easily addressed by existing public support programs.
Lilia Karpinska - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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invisible energy poverty analysing Housing Costs in central and eastern europe
Energy research and social science, 2020Co-Authors: Lilia Karpinska, Slawomir śmiechAbstract:Abstract The paper presents a comprehensive approach to capturing the scale of exposure to hidden energy poverty at a household level in 11 Central and Eastern European countries. Despite constant refinements, the currently used energy poverty metrics remain highly controversial when it comes to inter-country comparisons. Scarce data and the lack of agreement on the energy poverty definition among the EU countries impedes operationalization of energy poverty measures on a global scale. Instead, we propose a reliable tool for tracking hidden energy poverty based on the existing micro-level data compiled by Eurostat. The paper assumes that the energy poor limit their energy consumption to the level below what is reasonably assumed a decent life. To estimate the expected energy Costs, the paper introduces a new statistical approach. We consider multiple aspects of exposure to hidden energy poverty, including dwelling parameters and location, households’ structure, and regional specificity. Our findings confirm that on average 23.57% of the Central and Eastern European population is exposed to hidden energy poverty. The examined profiles are quite heterogeneous. In general, the affected are single-person households or living in detached houses and remote areas households with dependent children. The paper provides suggestions for targeted policy action.
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conceptualising Housing Costs the hidden face of energy poverty in poland
Energy Policy, 2020Co-Authors: Lilia Karpinska, Slawomir śmiechAbstract:Abstract The study proposes an approach to assess a hidden aspect of energy poverty (EP) in Poland. We consider households' energy under-consumption driven by low energy efficiency and budgetary constraints. A household is exposed to hidden energy poverty (HEP) if it's total disposable income after deducting the expected Housing cost falls under the established threshold. To approximate the expected total Housing expenditures, the data from the EU-SILC dataset on dwellings parameters, households' attributes and regional characteristics of Poland is used. The results show that in 2017 the scale of exposure to HEP in Poland was 23.7 per cent and this phenomenon is to some extent linked to income poverty. There is a clear distinction between subjective EP indicators and exposure to HEP. Two different profiles of exposed to HEP households in Poland are constructed. The first group lives in detached houses and is composed of households with dependent children. The second group consists of elderly people inhabiting blocks of flats. Both groups should be targeted by separate policies.
Fernando M Aragon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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do better property rights improve local income evidence from first nations treaties
Journal of Development Economics, 2015Co-Authors: Fernando M AragonAbstract:Abstract This paper examines the effect of an improvement in property rights on a local economy using the case of First Nations' modern treaties. These treaties are an important institutional reform that clarifies ownership of land and natural resources near Aboriginal communities. Using confidential micro-data, I find evidence of a positive impact of modern treaties on real income. The effect is driven by employment income and spreads across workers in industries not directly affected by the reform. I also find an increase in real wages and Housing Costs. The effects are similar in neighboring communities outside Indian reserves. These results are consistent with property right reforms creating a positive demand shock that affects the whole local economy. This is a yet understudied mechanism through which better property rights can generate positive local spillovers.
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do better property rights improve local income evidence from first nations treaties
Research Papers in Economics, 2014Co-Authors: Fernando M AragonAbstract:This paper examines the effect of an improvement in property rights on a local economy. It uses the case of First Nations' modern treaties. These treaties are an important institutional reform that clarifies ownership of land and natural resources near Aboriginal communities. Using confidential micro-data, I find evidence of a positive impact of modern treaties on real household income. The effect is driven by employment income and spreads among workers in industries not directly affected by the reform. I also find an increase in real wages and Housing Costs. These results are consistent with property right reforms creating a positive demand shock that affects the whole local economy. This is a yet understudied mechanism through which better property rights can generate positive local spillovers.