The Experts below are selected from a list of 95214 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Emily Morrice - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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do coal related health harms constitute a resource curse a case study from australia s hunter valley
The Extractive Industries and Society, 2015Co-Authors: Ruth Colagiuri, Emily MorriceAbstract:Abstract The term ‘resource curse’ was coined to describe the phenomenon, usually associated with developing nations, that occurs when the costs and harms of extracting and exporting natural resources outweigh the economic benefits. We argue that this applies to developed countries as well as developing countries; at the local not only national level; and that the magnitude of the associated health burden warrants the inclusion of health in resource curse theory and discourse. With coal mines and power plants in close proximity to Human Habitat and pastoral land, Australia's Hunter Valley provides a natural laboratory for exploring these issues in local coal mining communities. We identified literature from the Hunter Valley and compared the findings with the international literature on the resource curse using an existing framework which covered (i) socio-economic, (ii) political and (iii) ecological issues, and adding (iv) health as the fourth component. Despite some variations and knowledge deficiencies there was considerable congruence between the Hunter Valley and the resource curse theory. Effects reported, and mechanisms by which they are promulgated, substantively reflect many aspects of the resource curse literature. Further, the extent and economic impact of coal related health harms warrants the inclusion of health in resource curse discourse.
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do coal related health harms constitute a resource curse a case study from australia s hunter valley
The Extractive Industries and Society, 2015Co-Authors: Ruth Colagiuri, Emily MorriceAbstract:Abstract The term ‘resource curse’ was coined to describe the phenomenon, usually associated with developing nations, that occurs when the costs and harms of extracting and exporting natural resources outweigh the economic benefits. We argue that this applies to developed countries as well as developing countries; at the local not only national level; and that the magnitude of the associated health burden warrants the inclusion of health in resource curse theory and discourse. With coal mines and power plants in close proximity to Human Habitat and pastoral land, Australia's Hunter Valley provides a natural laboratory for exploring these issues in local coal mining communities. We identified literature from the Hunter Valley and compared the findings with the international literature on the resource curse using an existing framework which covered (i) socio-economic, (ii) political and (iii) ecological issues, and adding (iv) health as the fourth component. Despite some variations and knowledge deficiencies there was considerable congruence between the Hunter Valley and the resource curse theory. Effects reported, and mechanisms by which they are promulgated, substantively reflect many aspects of the resource curse literature. Further, the extent and economic impact of coal related health harms warrants the inclusion of health in resource curse discourse.
Ruth Colagiuri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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do coal related health harms constitute a resource curse a case study from australia s hunter valley
The Extractive Industries and Society, 2015Co-Authors: Ruth Colagiuri, Emily MorriceAbstract:Abstract The term ‘resource curse’ was coined to describe the phenomenon, usually associated with developing nations, that occurs when the costs and harms of extracting and exporting natural resources outweigh the economic benefits. We argue that this applies to developed countries as well as developing countries; at the local not only national level; and that the magnitude of the associated health burden warrants the inclusion of health in resource curse theory and discourse. With coal mines and power plants in close proximity to Human Habitat and pastoral land, Australia's Hunter Valley provides a natural laboratory for exploring these issues in local coal mining communities. We identified literature from the Hunter Valley and compared the findings with the international literature on the resource curse using an existing framework which covered (i) socio-economic, (ii) political and (iii) ecological issues, and adding (iv) health as the fourth component. Despite some variations and knowledge deficiencies there was considerable congruence between the Hunter Valley and the resource curse theory. Effects reported, and mechanisms by which they are promulgated, substantively reflect many aspects of the resource curse literature. Further, the extent and economic impact of coal related health harms warrants the inclusion of health in resource curse discourse.
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do coal related health harms constitute a resource curse a case study from australia s hunter valley
The Extractive Industries and Society, 2015Co-Authors: Ruth Colagiuri, Emily MorriceAbstract:Abstract The term ‘resource curse’ was coined to describe the phenomenon, usually associated with developing nations, that occurs when the costs and harms of extracting and exporting natural resources outweigh the economic benefits. We argue that this applies to developed countries as well as developing countries; at the local not only national level; and that the magnitude of the associated health burden warrants the inclusion of health in resource curse theory and discourse. With coal mines and power plants in close proximity to Human Habitat and pastoral land, Australia's Hunter Valley provides a natural laboratory for exploring these issues in local coal mining communities. We identified literature from the Hunter Valley and compared the findings with the international literature on the resource curse using an existing framework which covered (i) socio-economic, (ii) political and (iii) ecological issues, and adding (iv) health as the fourth component. Despite some variations and knowledge deficiencies there was considerable congruence between the Hunter Valley and the resource curse theory. Effects reported, and mechanisms by which they are promulgated, substantively reflect many aspects of the resource curse literature. Further, the extent and economic impact of coal related health harms warrants the inclusion of health in resource curse discourse.
William E Rees - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an urban metabolism and ecological footprint assessment of metro vancouver
Journal of Environmental Management, 2013Co-Authors: Jennie Moore, Meidad Kissinger, William E ReesAbstract:As the world urbanizes, the role of cities in determining sustainability outcomes grows in importance. Cities are the dominant form of Human Habitat, and most of the world's resources are either directly or indirectly consumed in cities. Sustainable city analysis and management requires understanding the demands a city places on a wider geographical area and its ecological resource base. We present a detailed, integrated urban metabolism of residential consumption and ecological footprint analysis of the Vancouver metropolitan region for the year 2006. Our overall goal is to demonstrate the application of a bottom-up ecological footprint analysis using an urban metabolism framework at a metropolitan, regional scale. Our specific objectives are: a) to quantify energy and material consumption using locally generated data and b) to relate these data to global ecological carrying capacity. Although water is the largest material flow through Metro Vancouver (424,860,000 m3), it has the smallest ecological footprint (23,100 gha). Food (2,636,850 tonnes) contributes the largest component to the ecological footprint (4,514,400 gha) which includes crop and grazing land as well as carbon sinks required to sequester emissions from food production and distribution. Transportation fuels (3,339,000 m3) associated with motor vehicle operation and passenger air travel comprises the second largest material flow through the region and the largest source of carbon dioxide emissions (7,577,000 tonnes). Transportation also accounts for the second largest component of the EF (2,323,200 gha). Buildings account for the largest electricity flow (17,515,150 MWh) and constitute the third largest component of the EF (1,779,240 gha). Consumables (2,400,000 tonnes) comprise the fourth largest component of the EF (1,414,440 gha). Metro Vancouver's total Ecological Footprint in 2006 was 10,071,670 gha, an area approximately 36 times larger than the region itself. The EFA reveals that cropland and carbon sinks (forested land required to sequester carbon dioxide emissions) account for 90% of Metro Vancouver's overall demand for biocapacity. The per capita ecological footprint is 4.76 gha, nearly three times the per capita global supply of biocapacity. Note that this value excludes national government services that operate outside the region and could account for up to an additional 2 gha/ca.
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an urban metabolism and ecological footprint assessment of metro vancouver
Journal of Environmental Management, 2013Co-Authors: Jennie Moore, Meidad Kissinger, William E ReesAbstract:As the world urbanizes, the role of cities in determining sustainability outcomes grows in importance. Cities are the dominant form of Human Habitat, and most of the world's resources are either directly or indirectly consumed in cities. Sustainable city analysis and management requires understanding the demands a city places on a wider geographical area and its ecological resource base. We present a detailed, integrated urban metabolism of residential consumption and ecological footprint analysis of the Vancouver metropolitan region for the year 2006. Our overall goal is to demonstrate the application of a bottom-up ecological footprint analysis using an urban metabolism framework at a metropolitan, regional scale. Our specific objectives are: a) to quantify energy and material consumption using locally generated data and b) to relate these data to global ecological carrying capacity. Although water is the largest material flow through Metro Vancouver (424,860,000 m3), it has the smallest ecological footprint (23,100 gha). Food (2,636,850 tonnes) contributes the largest component to the ecological footprint (4,514,400 gha) which includes crop and grazing land as well as carbon sinks required to sequester emissions from food production and distribution. Transportation fuels (3,339,000 m3) associated with motor vehicle operation and passenger air travel comprises the second largest material flow through the region and the largest source of carbon dioxide emissions (7,577,000 tonnes). Transportation also accounts for the second largest component of the EF (2,323,200 gha). Buildings account for the largest electricity flow (17,515,150 MWh) and constitute the third largest component of the EF (1,779,240 gha). Consumables (2,400,000 tonnes) comprise the fourth largest component of the EF (1,414,440 gha). Metro Vancouver's total Ecological Footprint in 2006 was 10,071,670 gha, an area approximately 36 times larger than the region itself. The EFA reveals that cropland and carbon sinks (forested land required to sequester carbon dioxide emissions) account for 90% of Metro Vancouver's overall demand for biocapacity. The per capita ecological footprint is 4.76 gha, nearly three times the per capita global supply of biocapacity. Note that this value excludes national government services that operate outside the region and could account for up to an additional 2 gha/ca.
Meidad Kissinger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an urban metabolism and ecological footprint assessment of metro vancouver
Journal of Environmental Management, 2013Co-Authors: Jennie Moore, Meidad Kissinger, William E ReesAbstract:As the world urbanizes, the role of cities in determining sustainability outcomes grows in importance. Cities are the dominant form of Human Habitat, and most of the world's resources are either directly or indirectly consumed in cities. Sustainable city analysis and management requires understanding the demands a city places on a wider geographical area and its ecological resource base. We present a detailed, integrated urban metabolism of residential consumption and ecological footprint analysis of the Vancouver metropolitan region for the year 2006. Our overall goal is to demonstrate the application of a bottom-up ecological footprint analysis using an urban metabolism framework at a metropolitan, regional scale. Our specific objectives are: a) to quantify energy and material consumption using locally generated data and b) to relate these data to global ecological carrying capacity. Although water is the largest material flow through Metro Vancouver (424,860,000 m3), it has the smallest ecological footprint (23,100 gha). Food (2,636,850 tonnes) contributes the largest component to the ecological footprint (4,514,400 gha) which includes crop and grazing land as well as carbon sinks required to sequester emissions from food production and distribution. Transportation fuels (3,339,000 m3) associated with motor vehicle operation and passenger air travel comprises the second largest material flow through the region and the largest source of carbon dioxide emissions (7,577,000 tonnes). Transportation also accounts for the second largest component of the EF (2,323,200 gha). Buildings account for the largest electricity flow (17,515,150 MWh) and constitute the third largest component of the EF (1,779,240 gha). Consumables (2,400,000 tonnes) comprise the fourth largest component of the EF (1,414,440 gha). Metro Vancouver's total Ecological Footprint in 2006 was 10,071,670 gha, an area approximately 36 times larger than the region itself. The EFA reveals that cropland and carbon sinks (forested land required to sequester carbon dioxide emissions) account for 90% of Metro Vancouver's overall demand for biocapacity. The per capita ecological footprint is 4.76 gha, nearly three times the per capita global supply of biocapacity. Note that this value excludes national government services that operate outside the region and could account for up to an additional 2 gha/ca.
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an urban metabolism and ecological footprint assessment of metro vancouver
Journal of Environmental Management, 2013Co-Authors: Jennie Moore, Meidad Kissinger, William E ReesAbstract:As the world urbanizes, the role of cities in determining sustainability outcomes grows in importance. Cities are the dominant form of Human Habitat, and most of the world's resources are either directly or indirectly consumed in cities. Sustainable city analysis and management requires understanding the demands a city places on a wider geographical area and its ecological resource base. We present a detailed, integrated urban metabolism of residential consumption and ecological footprint analysis of the Vancouver metropolitan region for the year 2006. Our overall goal is to demonstrate the application of a bottom-up ecological footprint analysis using an urban metabolism framework at a metropolitan, regional scale. Our specific objectives are: a) to quantify energy and material consumption using locally generated data and b) to relate these data to global ecological carrying capacity. Although water is the largest material flow through Metro Vancouver (424,860,000 m3), it has the smallest ecological footprint (23,100 gha). Food (2,636,850 tonnes) contributes the largest component to the ecological footprint (4,514,400 gha) which includes crop and grazing land as well as carbon sinks required to sequester emissions from food production and distribution. Transportation fuels (3,339,000 m3) associated with motor vehicle operation and passenger air travel comprises the second largest material flow through the region and the largest source of carbon dioxide emissions (7,577,000 tonnes). Transportation also accounts for the second largest component of the EF (2,323,200 gha). Buildings account for the largest electricity flow (17,515,150 MWh) and constitute the third largest component of the EF (1,779,240 gha). Consumables (2,400,000 tonnes) comprise the fourth largest component of the EF (1,414,440 gha). Metro Vancouver's total Ecological Footprint in 2006 was 10,071,670 gha, an area approximately 36 times larger than the region itself. The EFA reveals that cropland and carbon sinks (forested land required to sequester carbon dioxide emissions) account for 90% of Metro Vancouver's overall demand for biocapacity. The per capita ecological footprint is 4.76 gha, nearly three times the per capita global supply of biocapacity. Note that this value excludes national government services that operate outside the region and could account for up to an additional 2 gha/ca.
Kang Ning - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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microbial community pattern detection in Human body Habitats via ensemble clustering framework
arXiv: Quantitative Methods, 2014Co-Authors: Peng Yang, Le Ouyang, Hon Nian Chua, Kang NingAbstract:The Human Habitat is a host where microbial species evolve, function, and continue to evolve. Elucidating how microbial communities respond to Human Habitats is a fundamental and critical task, as establishing baselines of Human microbiome is essential in understanding its role in Human disease and health. However, current studies usually overlook a complex and interconnected landscape of Human microbiome and limit the ability in particular body Habitats with learning models of specific criterion. Therefore, these methods could not capture the real-world underlying microbial patterns effectively. To obtain a comprehensive view, we propose a novel ensemble clustering framework to mine the structure of microbial community pattern on large-scale metagenomic data. Particularly, we first build a microbial similarity network via integrating 1920 metagenomic samples from three body Habitats of healthy adults. Then a novel symmetric Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) based ensemble model is proposed and applied onto the network to detect clustering pattern. Extensive experiments are conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of our model on deriving microbial community with respect to body Habitat and host gender. From clustering results, we observed that body Habitat exhibits a strong bound but non-unique microbial structural patterns. Meanwhile, Human microbiome reveals different degree of structural variations over body Habitat and host gender. In summary, our ensemble clustering framework could efficiently explore integrated clustering results to accurately identify microbial communities, and provide a comprehensive view for a set of microbial communities. Such trends depict an integrated biography of microbial communities, which offer a new insight towards uncovering pathogenic model of Human microbiome.
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microbial community pattern detection in Human body Habitats via ensemble clustering framework
BMC Systems Biology, 2014Co-Authors: Peng Yang, Le Ouyang, Hon Nian Chua, Kang NingAbstract:Background: The Human Habitat is a host where microbial species evolve, function, and continue to evolve. Elucidating how microbial communities respond to Human Habitats is a fundamental and critical task, as establishing baselines of Human microbiome is essential in understanding its role in Human disease and health. Recent studies on healthy Human microbiome focus on particular body Habitats, assuming that microbiome develop similar structural patterns to perform similar ecosystem function under same environmental conditions. However, current studies usually overlook a complex and interconnected landscape of Human microbiome and limit the ability in particular body Habitats with learning models of specific criterion. Therefore, these methods could not capture the real-world underlying microbial patterns effectively. Results: To obtain a comprehensive view, we propose a novel ensemble clustering framework to mine the structure of microbial community pattern on large-scale metagenomic data. Particularly, we first build a microbial similarity network via integrating 1920 metagenomic samples from three body Habitats of healthy adults. Then a novel symmetric Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) based ensemble model is proposed and applied onto the network to detect clustering pattern. Extensive experiments are conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of our model on deriving microbial community with respect to body Habitat and host gender. From clustering results, we observed that body Habitat exhibits a strong bound but non-unique microbial structural pattern. Meanwhile, Human microbiome reveals different degree of structural variations over body Habitat and host gender. Conclusions: In summary, our ensemble clustering framework could efficiently explore integrated clustering results to accurately identify microbial communities, and provide a comprehensive view for a set of microbial communities. The clustering results indicate that structure of Human microbiome is varied systematically across body Habitats and host genders. Such trends depict an integrated biography of microbial communities, which offer a new insight towards uncovering pathogenic model of Human microbiome.