The Experts below are selected from a list of 21012 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Vereda Johnson Williams - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Identifying the Economic Effects of Salt Water Intrusion after Hurricane Katrina
Journal of Sustainable Development, 2010Co-Authors: Vereda Johnson WilliamsAbstract:Hurricane Katrina made landfall August 29, 2005 becoming the costliest and one of the deadliest Hurricanes in U.S. history. Katrina caused widespread loss of life, with over 700 bodies recovered in New Orleans by October 23, 2005. Before Hurricane Katrina, the region supported approximately one million non-farm jobs, with 600,000 of them in New Orleans. The ecological consequences were considerable including storm surge floods into coastal areas. These ecological impacts are still being felt throughout the region through human-driven coastal erosion and saltwater intrusion—issues that have long been damaging the region's natural storm buffers—were made worse by the Hurricane. Specifically this research will: (1) provide current updates of the economic and ecological impacts from Katrina (2) review the current literature relating to salt water intrusion and (3) identify the economic impact of salt water erosion from Hurricane Katrina.
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The Ecological Effects of Salt Water Intrusion on the Agriculture Industry After Hurricane Katrina
Proceedings of the 2007 National Conference on Environmental Science and Technology, 2009Co-Authors: Vereda Johnson WilliamsAbstract:Hurricane Katrina made landfall August 29, 2005 becoming the costliest Hurricanes in U.S. history. The economic and ecological consequences were considerable. This research will (1) provide updates of the ecological impact of Hurricane Katrina (2) review the literature relating to salt water intrusion, and (3) analyze the ecological impact on the agriculture industry attributed to salt water intrusion after Hurricane Katrina.
Paul Muntner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Psychosocial status of hemodialysis patients one year after Hurricane Katrina.
The American journal of the medical sciences, 2008Co-Authors: Amanda D. Hyre, Nancy G. Kutner, Andrew J. Cohen, Arnold B. Alper, Albert W. Dreisbach, Paul L. Kimmel, Paul MuntnerAbstract:ABSTRACT Background Hemodialysis patients experience a high degree of psychosocial impairment. Methods The psychosocial status of hemodialysis patients after Hurricane Katrina was evaluated using the Hurricane Coping Self-Efficacy (HCSE) measure, the Short Form-12 Health Survey (physical component summary [PCS] and mental component summary [MCS]), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Short Depression Scale (CES-D). These scales were administered to 391 hemodialysis patients (86% participation rate), 7 to 14months after Hurricane Katrina. Results The mean score (standard deviation) was 36.2 (9.6) for the HCSE scale, 37.1 (10.9) and 46.7 (12.7) for the PCS and MCS, respectively, and 10.0 (6.5) on the CES-D. Symptoms of depression (CES-D scores ≥10) were present in 45.5% of patients. After age, race, and gender adjustment, evacuating less than 2days before Hurricane Katrina making landfall and more fear of dying were associated with less favorable scores on the HCSE, MCS, and CES-D scales. Patients placed in a shelter and with a longer displacement had significantly lower MCS scores and more depressive symptoms. More depressive symptoms were observed among patients hospitalized in the month after the storm. Those who evacuated to a hotel, with more fear of dying and who were hospitalized in the month after Hurricane Katrina had lower scores on the PCS. Conclusions Impaired psychosocial status was common among dialysis patients surviving Hurricane Katrina and associated with reduced coping. These data demonstrate the need for screening and management of psychosocial issues in hemodialysis patients after disasters.
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Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in a New Orleans workforce following Hurricane Katrina
Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 2007Co-Authors: Karen B. Desalvo, Amanda D. Hyre, Danielle C. Ompad, Andreas Menke, L. Lee Tynes, Paul MuntnerAbstract:On August 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina made landfall resulting in catastrophic damage and flooding to New Orleans, LA, and the Gulf Coast, which may have had significant mental health effects on the population. To determine rates and predictors of symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in New Orleans residents following Hurricane Katrina, we conducted a web-based survey 6 months after Hurricane Katrina made landfall. Participants included 1,542 employees from the largest employer in New Orleans. The prevalence of PTSD symptoms was 19.2%. Predictors of PTSD symptoms in a multivariateadjusted regression model included female sex, non-black race, knowing someone who died in the storm, not having property insurance, having had a longer evacuation, a much longer work commute compared to before Hurricane Katrina, and currently living in a newly purchased or rented house or in a temporary trailer. Despite universal health coverage and the benefits of an employee assistance program for all employees, only 28.5% of those with PTSD symptoms had talked to a health professional about the events of Hurricane Katrina or issues encountered since the storm. A significant burden of PTSD symptoms was present 6 months following Hurricane Katrina among a large group of adults who had returned to work in New Orleans. Given their key role in the economic redevelopment of the region, there is a tremendous need to identify those in the workforce with symptoms consistent with PTSD and to enhance treatment options. The strong relationship between displacement from ones_ pre- Katrina residence and symptoms of PTSD suggests a need to focus resource utilization and interventions on individuals living in temporary housing.
Ronald C. Kessler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Recovery from PTSD following Hurricane Katrina.
Depression and anxiety, 2011Co-Authors: Katie A. Mclaughlin, Patricia A. Berglund, Michael J. Gruber, Ronald C. Kessler, Nancy A. Sampson, Alan M. ZaslavskyAbstract:Background: We examined patterns and correlates of speed of recovery of estimated posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among people who developed PTSD in the wake of Hurricane Katrina. Method: A probability sample of preHurricane residents of areas affected by Hurricane Katrina was administered a telephone survey 7-19 months following the Hurricane and again 24-27 months postHurricane. The baseline survey assessed PTSD using a validated screening scale and assessed a number of hypothesized predictors of PTSD recovery that included sociodemographics, preHurricane history of psychopathology, Hurricane-related stressors, social support, and social competence. Exposure to postHurricane stressors and course of estimated PTSD were assessed in a follow-up interview. Results: An estimated 17.1% of respondents had a history of estimated Hurricane-related PTSD at baseline and 29.2% by the follow-up survey. Of the respondents who developed estimated Hurricane-related PTSD, 39.0% recovered by the time of the follow-up survey with a mean duration of 16.5 months. Predictors of slow recovery included exposure to a life-threatening situation, Hurricane-related housing adversity, and high income. Other sociodemographics, history of psychopathology, social support, social competence, and postHurricane stressors were unrelated to recovery from estimated PTSD. Conclusions: The majority of adults who developed estimated PTSD after Hurricane Katrina did not recover within 18-27 months. Delayed onset was common. Findings document the importance of initial trauma exposure severity in predicting course of illness and suggest that pre- and posttrauma factors typically associated with course of estimated PTSD did not influence recovery following Hurricane Katrina. Depression and Anxiety 0:1-8, 2011. © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Language: en
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serious emotional disturbance among youths exposed to Hurricane Katrina 2 years postdisaster
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2009Co-Authors: Katie A. Mclaughlin, Michael J. Gruber, Nancy A. Sampson, John A Fairbank, Russell T Jones, Matthew D Lakoma, Betty Pfefferbaum, Ronald C. KesslerAbstract:Objective: To estimate the prevalence of serious emotional disturbance (SED) among children and adolescents exposed to Hurricane Katrina along with the associations of SED with Hurricane-related stressors, sociodemographics, and family factors 18 to 27 months after the Hurricane. Method: A probability sample of preHurricane residents of areas affected by Hurricane Katrina was administered a telephone survey. Respondents provided information on up to two of their children (n = 797) aged 4 to 17 years. The survey assessed Hurricane-related stressors and lifetime history of psychopathology in respondents, screened for 12-month SED in respondents’ children using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and determined whether children’s emotional and behavioral problems were attributable to Hurricane Katrina. Results: The estimated prevalence of SED was 14.9%, and 9.3% of the youths were estimated to have SED that is directly attributable to Hurricane Katrina. Stress exposure was associated strongly with SED, and 20.3% of the youths with high stress exposure had Hurricane-attributable SED. Death of a loved one had the strongest association with SED among preHurricane residents of New Orleans, whereas exposure to physical adversity had the strongest association in the remainder of the sample. Among children with stress exposure, parental psychopathology and poverty were associated with SED. Conclusions: The prevalence of SED among youths exposed to Hurricane Katrina remains high 18 to 27 months after the storm, suggesting a substantial need for mental health treatment resources in the Hurricane-affected areas. The youths who were exposed to Hurricane-related stressors, have a family history of psychopathology, and have lower family incomes are at greatest risk for long-term psychiatric impairment. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry, 2009;
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mental illness and suicidality after Hurricane Katrina
Bulletin of The World Health Organization, 2006Co-Authors: Ronald C. Kessler, Russell T Jones, Sandro Galea, Holly A ParkerAbstract:Objective To estimate the impact of Hurricane Katrina on mental illness and suicidality by comparing results of a post-Katrina survey with those of an earlier survey. Methods The National Comorbidity Survey-Replication, conducted between February 2001 and February 2003, interviewed 826 adults in the Census Divisions later affected by Hurricane Katrina. The post-Katrina survey interviewed a new sample of 1043 adults who lived in the same area before the Hurricane. Identical questions were asked about mental illness and suicidality. The post-Katrina survey also assessed several dimensions of personal growth that resulted from the trauma (for example, increased closeness to a loved one, increased religiosity). Outcome measures used were the K6 screening scale of serious mental illness and mild–moderate mental illness and questions about suicidal ideation, plans and attempts. Findings Respondents to the post-Katrina survey had a significantly higher estimated prevalence of serious mental illness than respondents to the earlier survey (11.3% after Katrina versus 6.1% before; c²1= 10.9; P < 0.001) and mild–moderate mental illness (19.9% after Katrina versus 9.7% before; c²1 = 22.5; P < 0.001). Among respondents estimated to have mental illness, though, the prevalence of suicidal ideation and plans was significantly lower in the post-Katrina survey (suicidal ideation 0.7% after Katrina versus 8.4% before; c²1 = 13.1; P < 0.001; plans for suicide 0.4% after Katrina versus 3.6% before; c²1 = 6.0; P = 0.014). This lower conditional prevalence of suicidality was strongly related to two dimensions of personal growth after the trauma (faith in one’s own ability to rebuild one’s life, and realization of inner strength), without which between-survey differences in suicidality were insignificant. Conclusion Despite the estimated prevalence of mental illness doubling after Hurricane Katrina, the prevalence of suicidality was unexpectedly low. The role of post-traumatic personal growth in ameliorating the effects of trauma-related mental illness on suicidality warrants further investigation.
Kenneth D. Ward - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Race differences in depression vulnerability following Hurricane Katrina.
Psychological trauma : theory research practice and policy, 2016Co-Authors: Jeanelle S. Ali, Amy S. Farrell, Adam C. Alexander, David R. Forde, Michelle B. Stockton, Kenneth D. WardAbstract:OBJECTIVE This study investigated whether racial disparities in depression were present after Hurricane Katrina. METHOD Data were gathered from 932 New Orleans residents who were present when Hurricane Katrina struck, and who returned to New Orleans the following year. Multiple logistic regression models evaluated racial differences in screening positive for depression (a score ≥16 on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), and explored whether differential vulnerability (preHurricane physical and mental health functioning and education level), differential exposure to Hurricane-related stressors, and loss of social support moderated and/or reduced the association of race with depression. RESULTS A univariate logistic regression analysis showed the odds for screening positive for depression were 86% higher for African Americans than for Caucasians (odds ratio [OR] = 1.86 [1.28-2.71], p = .0012). However, after controlling simultaneously for sociodemographic characteristics, preexisting vulnerabilities, social support, and trauma-specific factors, race was no longer a significant correlate for screening positive for depression (OR = 1.54 [0.95-2.48], p = .0771). CONCLUSIONS The racial disparity in postdisaster depression seems to be confounded by sociodemographic characteristics, preexisting vulnerabilities, social support, and trauma-specific factors. Nonetheless, even after adjusting for these factors, there was a nonsignificant trend effect for race, which could suggest race played an important role in depression outcomes following Hurricane Katrina. Future studies should examine these associations prospectively, using stronger assessments for depression, and incorporate measures for discrimination and segregation, to further understand possible racial disparities in depression after Hurricane Katrina. (PsycINFO Database Record
Charles H. Zeanah - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The traumatic impact of Hurricane Katrina on children in New Orleans.
Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America, 2008Co-Authors: Stacy S. Drury, Michael S. Scheeringa, Charles H. ZeanahAbstract:This article reviews the traumatic impact of Hurricane Katrina on the children of New Orleans. After describing the events comprising the trauma, it reviews the historical context of Hurricanes in New Orleans and the social and political challenges that affected the area's response. It then considers the consequences of Hurricane Katrina in terms of disruption of services and governmental and nongovernmental responses to the psychologic needs created by the storm. The authors review preliminary studies about the affects of the Hurricane on children and adolescents and conclude with a consideration of the lessons learned from both practice and policy perspectives.