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Kiarash Khosrotehrani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Level of contact Hypersensitivity Response to diphencyprone and keratinocyte cancer
    Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV, 2019
    Co-Authors: A Bullen, M Polcz, C J Rowe, L Byrom, Hans Peter Soyer, Kiarash Khosrotehrani
    Abstract:

    Background: Keratinocyte cancers (KC) are common and pose a significant financial burden globally. Ultraviolet radiation is a significant factor in their development, through mutagenesis promotion but also through local and systemic immunosuppression. Although systemic immunosuppression is well understood, cutaneous immunity has been more difficult to evaluate. Objectives: This study used a contact sensitizer, diphencyprone (DPCP), which elicits a contact Hypersensitivity reaction in skin, to compare the degree of reactivity to DPCP in patients with a high KC burden versus those with a low KC burden. Methods: A prospective study was performed in immunocompetent patients aged 70 ± 5 years of age, comparing patients with a high KC burden (>10 previous KC) with those with a low KC burden (

  • level of contact Hypersensitivity Response to diphencyprone and keratinocyte cancer
    Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 2019
    Co-Authors: A Bullen, M Polcz, C J Rowe, L Byrom, Hans Peter Soyer, Kiarash Khosrotehrani
    Abstract:

    Background: Keratinocyte cancers (KC) are common and pose a significant financial burden globally. Ultraviolet radiation is a significant factor in their development, through mutagenesis promotion but also through local and systemic immunosuppression. Although systemic immunosuppression is well understood, cutaneous immunity has been more difficult to evaluate. Objectives: This study used a contact sensitizer, diphencyprone (DPCP), which elicits a contact Hypersensitivity reaction in skin, to compare the degree of reactivity to DPCP in patients with a high KC burden versus those with a low KC burden. Methods: A prospective study was performed in immunocompetent patients aged 70 ± 5 years of age, comparing patients with a high KC burden (>10 previous KC) with those with a low KC burden (<2 previous KC). All patients were sensitized with 2% DPCP and then patch tested two weeks later with eight different concentrations of DPCP with the threshold concentration and total degree of reaction recorded. Results: Nine patients were recruited, 5 in the ‘high cancer’ group and 4 in the ‘low cancer’ group. All patients were Fitzpatrick skin type 1 or 2. All patients developed a reaction to DPCP. Patients in the low cancer group developed a reaction at a significantly lower threshold DPCP concentration than the high cancer group (P = 0.039). The cumulative intensity of reaction was higher in the low cancer group (P = 0.087). Conclusion: Patients with a high KC burden required a higher threshold concentration of DPCP to elicit a Hypersensitivity reaction, supporting the concept of a lower skin immunity in these patients. DPCP reactivity threshold could be a useful tool in the evaluation of skin immunity and propensity to develop keratinocyte cancers.

Torgeir S Johnsen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • parasites and tradeoffs in the immune Response of female red jungle fowl
    Oikos, 1999
    Co-Authors: Torgeir S Johnsen, Marlene Zuk
    Abstract:

    Reproduction and survival are influenced by parasites, and recently, the ability of the immune system to fight infection has been included in life history theory. A condition dependent immune Response predicts tradeoffs within the immune system and condition dependent tradeoffs with other life history traits. Female red jungle fowl (Gallus gallus) parasitized with an intestinal nematode (Ascaridia galli) had a higher concentration of eosinophils than controls, and parasitized and control females responded differently to injections of phytohemagglutinin (PHA). PHA injections stimulated an increase in granulocytes in parasitized females relative to controls. Although parasitized females had greater circulating levels of the white blood cells that are involved in the cutaneous Hypersensitivity Response, control females exhibited greater swelling of the wing web six hours after injection. A. galli seemed to slow the cellular immune Response to injections of PHA. suggesting a tradeoff within the cellular component of the immune system. Parasitized and control females differed in the relationship between immunoglobulin G (IgG) and the strength of the cutancous Hypersensitivity Response. The decrease in cutaneous Hypersensitivity with increasing IgG in parasitized vs control females suggests a condition dependent tradeoff between the cellular and humoral components of the immune system.

  • seasonal changes in the relationship between ornamentation and immune Response in red jungle fowl
    Proceedings of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 1998
    Co-Authors: Marlene Zuk, Torgeir S Johnsen
    Abstract:

    Resistance to disease is frequently suggested to be important in mate choice, but information about how immune status can be conveyed is lacking. During the breeding season, male red jungle fowl with large combs, a sexually selected trait, have lower levels of lymphocytes, but greater cell–mediated immunity, indicated by a cutaneous Hypersensitivity Response. Before the breeding season, however, both cell–mediated immunity and proportion of lymphocytes are positively correlated with comb length. Cell–mediated immunity is particularly important to jungle fowl during the breeding season, because the likelihood of injury during sexual competition is high and cell–mediated immunity is essential for healing wounds and resisting infection. This seasonal change in one aspect of immunity but not another suggests that the birds adaptively maintain certain immune system abilities, and that it can be misleading to use a single aspect of immune Response in evaluating immunocompetence.

Marlene Zuk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • parasites and tradeoffs in the immune Response of female red jungle fowl
    Oikos, 1999
    Co-Authors: Torgeir S Johnsen, Marlene Zuk
    Abstract:

    Reproduction and survival are influenced by parasites, and recently, the ability of the immune system to fight infection has been included in life history theory. A condition dependent immune Response predicts tradeoffs within the immune system and condition dependent tradeoffs with other life history traits. Female red jungle fowl (Gallus gallus) parasitized with an intestinal nematode (Ascaridia galli) had a higher concentration of eosinophils than controls, and parasitized and control females responded differently to injections of phytohemagglutinin (PHA). PHA injections stimulated an increase in granulocytes in parasitized females relative to controls. Although parasitized females had greater circulating levels of the white blood cells that are involved in the cutaneous Hypersensitivity Response, control females exhibited greater swelling of the wing web six hours after injection. A. galli seemed to slow the cellular immune Response to injections of PHA. suggesting a tradeoff within the cellular component of the immune system. Parasitized and control females differed in the relationship between immunoglobulin G (IgG) and the strength of the cutancous Hypersensitivity Response. The decrease in cutaneous Hypersensitivity with increasing IgG in parasitized vs control females suggests a condition dependent tradeoff between the cellular and humoral components of the immune system.

  • seasonal changes in the relationship between ornamentation and immune Response in red jungle fowl
    Proceedings of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 1998
    Co-Authors: Marlene Zuk, Torgeir S Johnsen
    Abstract:

    Resistance to disease is frequently suggested to be important in mate choice, but information about how immune status can be conveyed is lacking. During the breeding season, male red jungle fowl with large combs, a sexually selected trait, have lower levels of lymphocytes, but greater cell–mediated immunity, indicated by a cutaneous Hypersensitivity Response. Before the breeding season, however, both cell–mediated immunity and proportion of lymphocytes are positively correlated with comb length. Cell–mediated immunity is particularly important to jungle fowl during the breeding season, because the likelihood of injury during sexual competition is high and cell–mediated immunity is essential for healing wounds and resisting infection. This seasonal change in one aspect of immunity but not another suggests that the birds adaptively maintain certain immune system abilities, and that it can be misleading to use a single aspect of immune Response in evaluating immunocompetence.

A Bullen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Level of contact Hypersensitivity Response to diphencyprone and keratinocyte cancer
    Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV, 2019
    Co-Authors: A Bullen, M Polcz, C J Rowe, L Byrom, Hans Peter Soyer, Kiarash Khosrotehrani
    Abstract:

    Background: Keratinocyte cancers (KC) are common and pose a significant financial burden globally. Ultraviolet radiation is a significant factor in their development, through mutagenesis promotion but also through local and systemic immunosuppression. Although systemic immunosuppression is well understood, cutaneous immunity has been more difficult to evaluate. Objectives: This study used a contact sensitizer, diphencyprone (DPCP), which elicits a contact Hypersensitivity reaction in skin, to compare the degree of reactivity to DPCP in patients with a high KC burden versus those with a low KC burden. Methods: A prospective study was performed in immunocompetent patients aged 70 ± 5 years of age, comparing patients with a high KC burden (>10 previous KC) with those with a low KC burden (

  • level of contact Hypersensitivity Response to diphencyprone and keratinocyte cancer
    Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 2019
    Co-Authors: A Bullen, M Polcz, C J Rowe, L Byrom, Hans Peter Soyer, Kiarash Khosrotehrani
    Abstract:

    Background: Keratinocyte cancers (KC) are common and pose a significant financial burden globally. Ultraviolet radiation is a significant factor in their development, through mutagenesis promotion but also through local and systemic immunosuppression. Although systemic immunosuppression is well understood, cutaneous immunity has been more difficult to evaluate. Objectives: This study used a contact sensitizer, diphencyprone (DPCP), which elicits a contact Hypersensitivity reaction in skin, to compare the degree of reactivity to DPCP in patients with a high KC burden versus those with a low KC burden. Methods: A prospective study was performed in immunocompetent patients aged 70 ± 5 years of age, comparing patients with a high KC burden (>10 previous KC) with those with a low KC burden (<2 previous KC). All patients were sensitized with 2% DPCP and then patch tested two weeks later with eight different concentrations of DPCP with the threshold concentration and total degree of reaction recorded. Results: Nine patients were recruited, 5 in the ‘high cancer’ group and 4 in the ‘low cancer’ group. All patients were Fitzpatrick skin type 1 or 2. All patients developed a reaction to DPCP. Patients in the low cancer group developed a reaction at a significantly lower threshold DPCP concentration than the high cancer group (P = 0.039). The cumulative intensity of reaction was higher in the low cancer group (P = 0.087). Conclusion: Patients with a high KC burden required a higher threshold concentration of DPCP to elicit a Hypersensitivity reaction, supporting the concept of a lower skin immunity in these patients. DPCP reactivity threshold could be a useful tool in the evaluation of skin immunity and propensity to develop keratinocyte cancers.

Hans Peter Soyer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Level of contact Hypersensitivity Response to diphencyprone and keratinocyte cancer
    Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV, 2019
    Co-Authors: A Bullen, M Polcz, C J Rowe, L Byrom, Hans Peter Soyer, Kiarash Khosrotehrani
    Abstract:

    Background: Keratinocyte cancers (KC) are common and pose a significant financial burden globally. Ultraviolet radiation is a significant factor in their development, through mutagenesis promotion but also through local and systemic immunosuppression. Although systemic immunosuppression is well understood, cutaneous immunity has been more difficult to evaluate. Objectives: This study used a contact sensitizer, diphencyprone (DPCP), which elicits a contact Hypersensitivity reaction in skin, to compare the degree of reactivity to DPCP in patients with a high KC burden versus those with a low KC burden. Methods: A prospective study was performed in immunocompetent patients aged 70 ± 5 years of age, comparing patients with a high KC burden (>10 previous KC) with those with a low KC burden (

  • level of contact Hypersensitivity Response to diphencyprone and keratinocyte cancer
    Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 2019
    Co-Authors: A Bullen, M Polcz, C J Rowe, L Byrom, Hans Peter Soyer, Kiarash Khosrotehrani
    Abstract:

    Background: Keratinocyte cancers (KC) are common and pose a significant financial burden globally. Ultraviolet radiation is a significant factor in their development, through mutagenesis promotion but also through local and systemic immunosuppression. Although systemic immunosuppression is well understood, cutaneous immunity has been more difficult to evaluate. Objectives: This study used a contact sensitizer, diphencyprone (DPCP), which elicits a contact Hypersensitivity reaction in skin, to compare the degree of reactivity to DPCP in patients with a high KC burden versus those with a low KC burden. Methods: A prospective study was performed in immunocompetent patients aged 70 ± 5 years of age, comparing patients with a high KC burden (>10 previous KC) with those with a low KC burden (<2 previous KC). All patients were sensitized with 2% DPCP and then patch tested two weeks later with eight different concentrations of DPCP with the threshold concentration and total degree of reaction recorded. Results: Nine patients were recruited, 5 in the ‘high cancer’ group and 4 in the ‘low cancer’ group. All patients were Fitzpatrick skin type 1 or 2. All patients developed a reaction to DPCP. Patients in the low cancer group developed a reaction at a significantly lower threshold DPCP concentration than the high cancer group (P = 0.039). The cumulative intensity of reaction was higher in the low cancer group (P = 0.087). Conclusion: Patients with a high KC burden required a higher threshold concentration of DPCP to elicit a Hypersensitivity reaction, supporting the concept of a lower skin immunity in these patients. DPCP reactivity threshold could be a useful tool in the evaluation of skin immunity and propensity to develop keratinocyte cancers.