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Thomas Hofweber - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Idealism and the Harmony of Thought and Reality
Mind, 2019Co-Authors: Thomas HofweberAbstract:AbstractAlthough Idealism was widely defended in the history of philosophy, it is nowadays almost universally considered a non-starter. This holds in particular for a strong form of Idealism, which asserts that not just minds or the mental in general, but our human minds in particular are metaphysically central to reality. Such a view seems to be excessively anthropocentric and contrary to what we by now know about our place in the universe. Nonetheless, there is reason to think that such a strong form of Idealism is indeed correct. In this paper, I will present an argument for Idealism of this kind through considerations about a harmony between our thought and reality. The central argument in favour of Idealism will come from a possibly unexpected source: we can see that a strong form of Idealism is true simply from considerations about our language alone. I shall argue that thinking about how we represent reality allows us to conclude that Idealism is true, and thus that reality must be a certain way. But no argument of this kind seems to allow for a metaphysical conclusion like Idealism, since considerations about our language alone only show how we represent reality, not how reality is. And thus Idealism can’t possibly follow, since it concerns how reality is, not just how we represent it to be. A good part of the second half of the paper is devoted to showing how such an argument is possible after all, and that it really does establish Idealism.
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Oxford Scholarship Online - Conceptual Idealism Without Ontological Idealism
Oxford Scholarship Online, 2018Co-Authors: Thomas HofweberAbstract:Idealism in its strong form is the view that our human minds in particular, not just minds in general, are metaphysically central to reality, somehow. This chapter presents an argument for this strong form of Idealism. The argument will come largely from the philosophy of language, which might sound dubious. However, it will be shown that such an argument can establish a substantial metaphysical conclusion nonetheless. One key move is to distinguish two versions of Idealism tied to two ways of conceiving of reality: the totality of facts vs. the totality of things. Ontological Idealism is false: we are not central for reality understood as the totality of things. However, conceptual Idealism, a version of Idealism concerning the totality of facts, is true. The argument given in this chapter aims to show why and how that can be.
Hao Tang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Transcendental Idealism in Wittgenstein's Tractatus
The Philosophical Quarterly, 2011Co-Authors: Hao TangAbstract:Wittgenstein's Tractatus contains an insubstantial form of transcendental Idealism. It is insubstantial because it rejects the substantial a priori. Yet despite this, the Tractatus still contains two fundamental transcendental idealist insights, (a) the identity of form between thought and reality, and (b) the transcendental unity of apperception. I argue for (a) by connecting general themes in the Tractatus and in Kant, and for (b) by giving a detailed interpretation of Tractatus 5.6ff., where Wittgenstein talks about solipsism and the metaphysical subject. Tractarian solipsism, on this interpretation, is a special, insubstantial form of transcendental Idealism.
Sebastian Gardner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Transcendental Turn - The Transcendental Turn
2015Co-Authors: Sebastian Gardner, Matthew GristAbstract:Acknowledgements Notes on Contributors Introduction: The Transcendental Turn 1. From Transcendental Realism to Transcendental Idealism: The Nature and Significance of Kant's 'Transcendental Turn' 2. On Reconciling the Transcendental Turn with Kant's Idealism 3. Kant, Naturalism, and the Reach of Practical Reason 4. The 'Synthetic-Genetic Method' of Transcendental Philosophy: Kantian Questions/Fichtean Answers 5. Fichte's Anti-Skeptical Programme: On the Anti-Skeptical Strategies in Fichte's Presentations of the Wissenschaftslehre 1794 to 1801/02 6. Fichte's Transcendental Ethics 7. Finite and Absolute Idealism: The Transcendental and the Metaphysical Hegel 8. Is Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit an Essay in Transcendental Argument? 9. Transcendental Aspects, Ontological Commitments, and Naturalistic Elements in Nietzsche's Thought 10. Husserl and the Transcendental 11. Phenomenology and Transcendental Philosophy: Making Meaning Thematic 12. Heidegger on Unconcealment and Correctness 13. Transcendental versus Hermeneutic Phenomenology in Being and Time 14. Merleau-Ponty's Transcendental Theory of Perception 15. 'Hopelessly Strange': Bernard Williams' Portrait of Wittgenstein as a Transcendental Idealist 16. Stoic Transcendentalism and the Doctrine of Oikeiosis
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THE LIMITS OF NATURALISM AND THE METAPHYSICS OF GERMAN Idealism
2007Co-Authors: Sebastian GardnerAbstract:One issue above all forces itself on anyone attempting to make sense of the development of German Idealism out of Kant. Is German Idealism, in the full sense of the term, metaphysical? The wealth of new anglophone, chiefly North American, writing on German Idealism, particularly on Hegel – characterized by remarkable depth, rigour, and creativity – has put the perennial question of German Idealism’s metaphysicality back under the spotlight, and in much of this new scholarship a negative answer is returned to the question. Recent interpretation of German Idealism owes much to the broader philosophical environment in which it has proceeded. Over recent decades analytic philosophy has enlarged its view of the discipline’s scope and relaxed its conception of the methods appropriate to philosophical enquiry, and in parallel to this development analytically trained philosophers have returned to the history of philosophy, the study of which is now regarded by many as a legitimate and important (perhaps even necessary) form of philosophical enquiry. At the same time, it remains the case that the kinds of philosophical positions most intensively worked on and argued about in non-historical, systematic analytic philosophy are predominantly naturalistic – and thus, on the face of it, not in any immediate and obvious sense receptive to the central ideas of German Idealism. A primary impulse in recent work on German Idealism has been, however, to indicate the consonance, unobvious though it may be, between German Idealism, or portions thereof, and some of the leading strands in major systematic positions explored and defended within analytic philosophy. Characteristic of
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I—Sebastian Gardner: German Idealism
Aristotelian Society Supplementary Volume, 2002Co-Authors: Sebastian GardnerAbstract:German Idealism has been pictured as an unwarranted deviation from the central epistemological orientation of modern philosophy, and its close historical association with German romanticism is adduced in support of this verdict. This paper proposes an interpretation of German Idealism which seeks to grant key importance to its connection with romanticism without thereby undermining its philosophical rationality. I suggest that the fundamental motivation of German Idealism is axiological, and that its augmentation of Kant’s Idealism is intelligible in terms of its combined aim of consolidating the transcendental turn and legitimating the kind of (objectual) relation to value articulated in German romanticism.
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Value and Idealism
Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement, 2000Co-Authors: Sebastian GardnerAbstract:This paper is concerned with the attempt to base a general theory of value on an idealist metaphysics. The most explicit and fully developed instance of this approach is, of course, found in Kant, on whom I shall concentrate, though I will also suggest that the account I offer of Kant has application to the later German idealists. While the core of the paper is devoted to commentary on Kant, what I thereby wish to make plausible is the idea that Kant's endeavour to base a general conception of value on an idealist metaphysics is of contemporary, not merely historical, interest. Specifically, my suggestion will be that a correct understanding of what is demanded by our ordinary, pre-philosophical grasp of value shows there is reason to think that something along the lines of Kant's transcendental Idealism (or, like absolute Idealism, developed from it) is required for a fully adequate metaphysics of value. Essential to the case I will make is a distinction between Kant's moral theory and his broader account of value, my claim being that, whether or not Kantian moral theory is ultimately dependent on any metaphysics, the broader conception of value to be found in Kant cannot be detached from his doctrine of transcendental Idealism.
Tom Rockmore - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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fichte german Idealism and early romanticism
2010Co-Authors: Daniel Breazeale, Tom RockmoreAbstract:Daniel Breazeale: Introduction In the Wake of Kant Tom Rockmore: Fichte, German Idealism and the Thing in Itself Nectarios Limnatis: Fichte and the Problem of Logic: Positioning the Wissenschaftslehre in the Development of German Idealism Daniel Breazeale: Doing Philosophy: Fichte vs. Kant on Transcendental Method Giorgia Cecchinato: Form and Colour in Kant's and Fichte's Theory of Beauty Wissenschaftslehre in Context Steven Hoeltzel: Critical Epistemology and Idealist Metaphysics in Fichte's Wissenschaftslehre (1794-1800) Ulrich Schlosser: Presuppositions of Knowledge versus Immediate Certainty of Being: Fichte's 1804 Wissenschaftslehre as a Critique of Knowledge and a Program of Philosophical Foundation F. Scott Scribner: Falsification: On the Role of the Empirical in J. G. Fichte's Transcendental Method Marina Bykova: The Self as the World Into Itself. Towards Fichte's Conception of Subjectivity Fichte and Schelling Richard Fincham: Schelling's Subversion of Fichtean Monism, 1794-1796 Yolanda Estes: Intellectual Intuition: Reconsidering Continuity in Kant, Fichte, and Schelling George Seidel: From Idealism to Romanticism and Leibniz' Logic Fichte and Hegel Angelica Nuzzo: Fichte's Transcendental Logic of 1812 - Between Kant and Hegel C. Jeffery Kinlaw: Practical Rationality and Natural Right: Fichte and Hegel on Self-Conception within a Relation of Natural Right Virginia Lopez-Dominguez: Political Realism in Idealism: Fichte versus Hegel and their Different Versions of the Foundation of Right Arnold Farr: Fichte's Master/Slave Dialectic: The Untold Story Anthony N. Perovich Jr.: Fichte, Hegel, and the Senses of "Revelation" Matthew C. Altman: Fichte's Anti-Hegelian Legacy Fichte and Early Romanticism Michael G. Vater: "Philosophy on the Track of Freedom" or "Systematizing Systemlessness": Novalis's Reflections on the Wissenschaftslehre, 1795-1796 Violetta L. Waibel: "With Respect to the Antinomies, Fichte has a Remarkable Idea." Three Answers to Kant and Fichte - Hardenberg, Holderlin, Hegel Elizabeth Millan-Zaibert: Forgetfulness and Foundationalism: Schlegel's Critique of Fichte's Idealism Barbel Frischmann: Friedrich Schlegel's Transformation of Fichte's Transcendental into an Early Romantic Idealism David Kenosian: Sound Reasoning: Fichtean Elements in Wilhelm von Humboldt's Philosophy of Language Claude Piche: Fichte, Schleiermacher and W. von Humboldt on the Foundation of the University of Berlin
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Kant and Idealism
2007Co-Authors: Tom RockmoreAbstract:Distinguished scholar and philosopher Tom Rockmore examines one of the great lacunae of contemporary philosophical discussion--Idealism. Addressing the widespread confusion about the meaning and use of the term, he surveys and classifies some of its major forms, giving particular attention to Kant. He argues that Kant provides the all-important link between three main types of Idealism: those associated with Plato, the new way of ideas, and German Idealism. The author also makes a case for the contemporary relevance of at least one strand in the tangled idealist web, a strand most clearly identified with Kant: constructivism. In terms of the philosophical tradition, Rockmore contends, constructivism offers a lively, interesting, and important approach to knowledge after the decline of metaphysical realism.
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Hegel, Idealism, and analytic philosophy
2005Co-Authors: Tom RockmoreAbstract:In this book - the first large-scale survey of the complex relationship between Hegel's Idealism and Anglo-American analytic philosophy - Tom Rockmore argues that analytic philosophy has consistently misread and misappropriated Hegel. According to Rockmore, the first generation of British analytic philosophers to engage Hegel possessed a limited understanding of his philosophy and of Idealism. Succeeding generations continued to misinterpret him, and recent analytic thinkers have turned Hegel into a pragmatist by ignoring his Idealism. Rockmore explains why this has happened, defends Hegel's Idealism, and points out the ways that Hegel is a key figure for analytic concerns, focusing in particular on the fact that he and analytic philosophers both share an interest in the problem of knowledge.
Admir Skodo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Afterlife of Idealism - The Afterlife of Idealism : The Impact of New Idealism on British Historical and Political Thought, 1945-1980
2016Co-Authors: Admir SkodoAbstract:This book examines the legacy of philosophical Idealism in twentieth century British historical and political thought. It demonstrates that the absolute Idealism of the nineteenth century was radically transformed by R.G. Collingwood, Michael Oakeshott, and Benedetto Croce. These new idealists developed a new philosophy of history with an emphasis on the study of human agency, and historicist humanism. This study unearths the impact of the new Idealism on the thought of a group of prominent revisionist historians in the welfare state period, focusing on E.H. Carr, Isaiah Berlin, G.R. Elton, Peter Laslett, and George Kitson Clark. It shows that these historians used the new Idealism to restate the nature of history and to revise modern English history against the backdrop of the intellectual, social and political problems of the welfare state period, thus making new idealist revisionism a key tradition in early postwar historiography.-- Introduction /Skodo, Admir -- Revisionist Potential: Historical Thought from Absolute to New Idealism /Skodo, Admir -- The Philosophical Moment in Postwar Historiography /Skodo, Admir -- Revisionist Whiggism: Revisions of the English Past from the Tudors to the Victorians /Skodo, Admir -- The Political Thought of Revisionism /Skodo, Admir -- Conclusion /Skodo, Admi
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revisionist potential historical thought from absolute to new Idealism
2016Co-Authors: Admir SkodoAbstract:Understanding what place the late Victorian absolute idealists (most notably T.H. Green, Edward Caird, Bernard Bosanquet, F.H. Bradley, William Wallace, Henry Jones, D.G. Ritchie) accorded to historical knowledge in their philosophy has proved to be a non-starter. For some scholars, these idealists’ belief in abstract principles and concepts, such as ‘Absolute Mind’, as the metaphysically necessary forms for the self-realization of individuals has occluded an interest in the contingency and cultural plasticity surrounding the lives of humans. This, in turn, has constrained the development of any serious historical theory, much like it has constrained the development of British sociology. Thus, Stefan Collini writes: ‘Bosanquet and the English Hegelians for the most part ignored the historicity of phenomena, a failing for which they were later castigated by Collingwood, the one English Idealist to repair this omission.’ This chapter examines the shift from a metaphysical absolute Idealism to a historicist new Idealism, teasing out the implications thereof for postwar revisionist historiography.
