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Rohit Mehra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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radiation hazards associated with radionuclides and theoretical evaluation of Indoor Radon Concentration from soil exhalation of udhampur district jammu and kashmir state india
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2019Co-Authors: Rohit Mehra, Sumit Sharma, Ajay Kumar, R MishraAbstract:Soil is the prime source of Radon and thoron Concentrations in the household dwellings. The presence of radioactive gases in the environment is mainly due to the presence of radionuclide content in soil, rocks, and building materials. So, it is necessary to estimate the radionuclide content in the living environment. The annual effective dose has been assessed from the radionuclide content, and an effort has been made to correlate the Concentration of these radionuclides with exhalation rates of their daughter products, i.e., Radon and thoron. Theoretically determined Indoor Radon Concentration has also been compared with experimentally observed results. Scintillation-based Smart RnDuo monitor (SRM) and gamma spectrometry (NaI(Tl)) have been utilized for the estimation of exhalation rates and radionuclide (226Ra, 232Th, and 40K) contents in soil samples. The range of Radon mass and thoron surface exhalation rate in soil samples are found to vary from 11.57 to 65.62 mBq kg−1 h−1 with an average of 28.20 mBq kg−1 h−1 and from 52 to 930 mBq m−2 s−1 with an average of 312 mBq m−2 s−1, respectively. The average activity Concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K are 24.52 Bq kg−1, 41.15 Bq kg−1, and 343 Bq kg−1, respectively. The average values of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K are well within the safe range recommended by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiations. The calculated annual effective dose and radiation hazard risks have been found to be well below the recommended levels. Results obtained from theoretical evaluation are compared with experimentally obtained results and are in good agreement with each other. Different occupancy factors have also been analyzed according to the populace Indoor occupancy.
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annual effective dose of Radon due to exposure in Indoor air and groundwater in bathinda district of punjab
Indoor and Built Environment, 2016Co-Authors: Rohit Mehra, Kirandeep Kaur, Pargin BangotraAbstract:In the present study, an attempt has been made to estimate the actual dose received by the residents due to their exposure to Indoor Radon, Indoor thoron and Radon Concentration in water of Bathinda district of Punjab considering the different factors like dissolution of gases in blood and contribution of waterborne Radon in increasing Indoor Radon levels following various protocols set up by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. The calculated values have shown a good positive correlation (R2 = 0.80) between Indoor Radon Concentration and Concentration of Radon gas in soil in Bathinda district of Punjab, India. The correlation has been successfully established by using alpha spectrometry technique. Along with this, another linear relationship has also been established between Indoor Radon Concentration and Indoor thoron Concentration keeping site conditions constant. The ratio of Indoor thoron Concentration to Indoor Radon Concentration ranges from 0.68 to 1.53 with an average value of 1.10 ...
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measurement of Indoor Radon Concentration and assessment of doses in different districts of northern rajasthan india
Indoor and Built Environment, 2014Co-Authors: Vikas Duggal, Asha Rani, Rohit MehraAbstract:Radon ( 222 Rn), the immediate decay product of radium, is a causative agent of lung cancer. The sea- sonal Indoor Radon Concentration in houses with different floorings, walls and roofs has been mea- sured in Northern Rajasthan, India. The measurements were made in 100 houses using LR-115-type II plastic track detectors over four successive three-month periods (winter, spring, summer and autumn). The mean values of Indoor Radon Concentrations in winter, spring, summer and autumn were deter- mined to be: 176Bqm � 3 , 131Bqm � 3 , 120Bqm � 3 and 151Bqm � 3 , respectively. The annual average Indoor Radon Concentrations in the dwellings were found to vary from 117 to 215Bqm � 3 with an average of 144Bqm � 3 .I n� 10% of the dwellings the Indoor Radon activity Concentration values lies in the range of action level (200-300Bqm � 3 ) recommended by International Commission on Radiological Protection. The annual effective dose received by the residents of the study area varied from 2.0 to 3.67mSv with an average of 2.46mSv. The seasonal variation in Indoor Radon reveals the maximum value in winter and minimum in summer. The influences of the factors linked to building characteristics in relation to Radon measurements were examined.
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Measurement of Indoor Radon Concentration and assessment of doses in different districts of Northern Rajasthan, India
Indoor and Built Environment, 2013Co-Authors: Vikas Duggal, Asha Rani, Rohit MehraAbstract:Radon (222Rn), the immediate decay product of radium, is a causative agent of lung cancer. The seasonal Indoor Radon Concentration in houses with different floorings, walls and roofs has been measu...
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Effect of ventilation conditions on the annual effe ctive dose due to Indoor Radon Concentration
Advances in Applied Science Research, 2013Co-Authors: Rohit Mehra, Pankaj BalaAbstract:Radon and its progeny present in houses and others dwellings represents the most important contributio n to dose from natural sources of radiations. The measurement s of Indoor Radon are performed by using passive LR -115 nuclear track detectors calibrated at NIRS, Japan d uring the 4 th International Intercomparison of Radon and Thoron Passive detectors. The values of Indoor rado n Concentration vary from 54.26 Bqm -3 to 141.09 Bqm -3 with an average value of 97.68 Bqm -3 . However, the value of effective dose varies from 0.93 mSvy -1 to 2.41 mSvy -1 with an average value of 1.67 mSvy -1 . An attempt is made to estimate the effect of vent ilation conditions on the annual effective dose due to Indoor Radon Concentration. T he dwellings were selected on the basis of differen t ventilation conditions. The result of the present study indicates that chan ges of ventilation rate have significant effects on Indoor Radon Concentration. Ventilation rate is inv ersely proportional to Indoor Radon Concentration. In general, all the results of Indoor Radon Concentration are f ound to be well within the recommended action level (200‐ 300Bqm -3 ) by the International Commission of Radiation Prot ection (ICRP, 2009) but are on the higher side than the world average of 40 Bqm -3 . Also the values of effective dose levels are foun d to be lower than the average value of 2.4 mSvy -1 given by United Nations Scientific Committee on th e Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR, 2000).
Ilia V Yarmoshenko - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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variance of Indoor Radon Concentration major influencing factors
Science of The Total Environment, 2016Co-Authors: Ilia V Yarmoshenko, Anatoly Vasilyev, Georgy Malinovsky, A. Onischenko, Peter Bossew, Zora S žunic, Michael ZhukovskyAbstract:Variance of Radon Concentration in dwelling atmosphere is analysed with regard to geogenic and anthropogenic influencing factors. Analysis includes review of 81 national and regional Indoor Radon surveys with varying sampling pattern, sample size and duration of measurements and detailed consideration of two regional surveys (Sverdlovsk oblast, Russia and Niska Banja, Serbia). The analysis of the geometric standard deviation revealed that main factors influencing the dispersion of Indoor Radon Concentration over the territory are as follows: area of territory, sample size, characteristics of measurements technique, the Radon geogenic potential, building construction characteristics and living habits. As shown for Sverdlovsk oblast and Niska Banja town the dispersion as quantified by GSD is reduced by restricting to certain levels of control factors. Application of the developed approach to characterization of the world population Radon exposure is discussed.
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Reconstruction of national distribution of Indoor Radon Concentration in Russia using results of regional Indoor Radon measurement programs.
Journal of environmental radioactivity, 2015Co-Authors: Ilia V Yarmoshenko, Georgy Malinovsky, Aleksey Vasilyev, Michael ZhukovskyAbstract:The aim of the paper is a reconstruction of the national distribution and estimation of the arithmetic average Indoor Radon Concentration in Russia using the data of official annual 4-DOZ reports. Annual 4-DOZ reports summarize results of radiation measurements in 83 regions of Russian Federation. Information on more than 400,000 Indoor Radon measurements includes the average Indoor Radon isotopes equilibrium equivalent Concentration (EEC) and number of measurements by regions and by three main types of houses: wooden, one-storey non-wooden, and multi-storey non-wooden houses. To reconstruct the national distribution, all-Russian model sample was generated by integration of sub-samples created using the results of each annual regional program of Indoor Radon measurements in each type of buildings. According to Indoor Radon Concentration distribution reconstruction, all-Russian average Indoor Radon Concentration is 48 Bq/m(3). Average Indoor Radon Concentration by region ranges from 12 to 207 Bq/m(3). The 95-th percentile of the distribution is reached at Indoor Radon Concentration 160 Bq/m(3).
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Establishing a regional reference Indoor Radon level on the basis of Radon survey data.
Journal of radiological protection : official journal of the Society for Radiological Protection, 2013Co-Authors: Ilia V Yarmoshenko, A. Onishchenko, Michael ZhukovskyAbstract:The establishment of national reference levels is a new requirement of the ICRP radiological protection system. For protection against Indoor Radon exposure measures based on a common national reference level tend to be less effective in regions where the probability of high Indoor Radon Concentrations is relatively low in comparison with the national average. Therefore it makes sense to establish individual Indoor Radon reference levels for large sub-national regions as well as for urban agglomerations separately. Analysis of Indoor Radon surveys of the territory, taking into account the type of building, year of construction, building material, floor and other factors influencing Indoor Radon Concentration, provides essential and important data for defining the reference level. For Ekaterinburg, Russia it is suggested to set the reference Indoor Radon Concentration to a level of 70?Bq?m?3 which corresponds to the 90th percentile of Radon Concentration in a representative group of buildings constructed in the period 1970?89, in which the lowest average Indoor Radon Concentration was observed.
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Indoor Radon long-term variation assessment
Radioactivity in the Environment, 2005Co-Authors: Ilia V Yarmoshenko, Zora S žunic, J.p. Mclaughlin, Johan Paridaens, I.a. Kirdin, K. KelleherAbstract:Publisher Summary Investigation of Indoor Radon long-term variation was conducted basing both on the simulation of the process and results of field measurements of Indoor Radon Concentration obtained using retrospective and contemporary techniques. The coefficient of long-term variation (CLTV) of Indoor Radon is introduced that relates the annual Indoor Radon Concentration with annual Radon Concentration of the previous or next year. Actual values of the CLTV were estimated by the results of field measurements in rural regions of Yugoslavia and Russia. Investigation showed that two main factors govern the process—long-term change of the air exchange rate in living space and the relationship between the contributions of convective and diffusive Radon entries to the Indoor Radon Concentration. Recognized and tested parameters of long-term Indoor variation can be used for reconstruction of the Indoor Radon history of houses.
Peter Bossew - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Prediction of long-term Indoor Radon Concentration based on short-term measurements
Nuclear Technology & Radiation Protection, 2017Co-Authors: Zdenka Stojanovska, Kremena Ivanova, S Zora Zunic, Martina Tsenova, Predrag Kolarz, Peter Bossew, Zoran Curguz, Milka Zdravkovska, Blazo Boev, Mimoza RistovaAbstract:We present a method for the estimation of annual Radon Concentration based on short-term (three months) measurements. The study involves results from two independent sets of Indoor Radon Concentration measurements performed in 16 cities of the Republic of Macedonia. The first data set contains winter and annual Radon Concentration obtained during the National survey in 2010 and the second, contains only the Radon Concentration measured during the winter of 2013. Both data sets pertain to Radon Concentration from the same cities and have been measured applying the same methodology in ground floor dwellings. The results appeared to be consistent and the dispersion of Radon Concentration was low. Linear regression analysis of the Radon Concentration measured in winter of 2010 and of the 2010 annual Radon Concentration revealed a high coefficient of determination R2 = 0.92, with a relative uncertainty of 3%. Furthermore, this model was used to estimate the annual Radon Concentration solely from winter-term measurements performed in 2013. The geometrical mean of the estimated annual Radon Concentration of the 2013: Radon Concentration (A-2013) =98 Bqm-3 was almost equal to the geometrical mean of the annual Radon Concentration from the 2010, Radon Concentration (A-2010) = 99 Bqm-3. Analysis of the influence of building characteristics, such as presence/absence of a basement in the building, or the dominant building material on the estimated annual Radon Concentration is also reported. Our results show that a low number of relatively short-term Radon measurements may produce a reasonable insight into a gross average obtained in a larger survey
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Local probability of Indoor Radon Concentration to exceed the threshold estimated from geogenic Radon potential
Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection, 2017Co-Authors: Peter BossewAbstract:Indoor Radon has been recognized as an important air pollutant. Based on epidemiological evidence, it is estimated that Indoor Radon is the second cause of lung cancer after smoking. As a consequence, one tries to limit exposure through regulations concerning the remediation of the existing and prevention of future exposure. In this context, an essential task is the delineation of areas in which it can be expected with certain confidence that time-averaged Indoor Radon Concentrations in dwellings and workplaces exceed the reference level. These are called Radon priority areas to denote that these are areas in which remedial and preventive action has to be implemented with priority. There are different definitions of Radon priority areas and different methods to estimate them from data. In Germany, the current approach uses the geogenic Radon potential as the predictor. However, legal reference levels pertain to Indoor Radon Concentration, not to the geogenic Radon potential. One therefore has to identify derived reference levels for geogenic Radon potential through statistical association of both quantities. This paper presents a method to derive the local probability that Indoor Radon Concentration exceeds a threshold, given the local geogenic Radon potential. The relationship can be used to derive geogenic Radon potential reference levels which in turn serve to define Radon priority areas.
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Variation of Indoor Radon Concentration and ambient dose equivalent rate in different outdoor and Indoor environments
Radiation and Environmental Biophysics, 2016Co-Authors: Zdenka Stojanovska, Kremena Ivanova, Martina Tsenova, Mimoza Ristova, Blazo Boev, Zora S žunic, Sorsa Ajka, Emilija Janevik, Vaso Taleski, Peter BossewAbstract:Subject of this study is an investigation of the variations of Indoor Radon Concentration and ambient dose equivalent rate in outdoor and Indoor environments of 40 dwellings, 31 elementary schools and five kindergartens. The buildings are located in three municipalities of two, geologically different, areas of the Republic of Macedonia. Indoor Radon Concentrations were measured by nuclear track detectors, deployed in the most occupied room of the building, between June 2013 and May 2014. During the deploying campaign, Indoor and outdoor ambient dose equivalent rates were measured simultaneously at the same location. It appeared that the measured values varied from 22 to 990 Bq/m^3 for Indoor Radon Concentrations, from 50 to 195 nSv/h for outdoor ambient dose equivalent rates, and from 38 to 184 nSv/h for Indoor ambient dose equivalent rates. The geometric mean value of Indoor to outdoor ambient dose equivalent rates was found to be 0.88, i.e. the outdoor ambient dose equivalent rates were on average higher than the Indoor ambient dose equivalent rates. All measured can reasonably well be described by log-normal distributions. A detailed statistical analysis of factors which influence the measured quantities is reported.
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variance of Indoor Radon Concentration major influencing factors
Science of The Total Environment, 2016Co-Authors: Ilia V Yarmoshenko, Anatoly Vasilyev, Georgy Malinovsky, A. Onischenko, Peter Bossew, Zora S žunic, Michael ZhukovskyAbstract:Variance of Radon Concentration in dwelling atmosphere is analysed with regard to geogenic and anthropogenic influencing factors. Analysis includes review of 81 national and regional Indoor Radon surveys with varying sampling pattern, sample size and duration of measurements and detailed consideration of two regional surveys (Sverdlovsk oblast, Russia and Niska Banja, Serbia). The analysis of the geometric standard deviation revealed that main factors influencing the dispersion of Indoor Radon Concentration over the territory are as follows: area of territory, sample size, characteristics of measurements technique, the Radon geogenic potential, building construction characteristics and living habits. As shown for Sverdlovsk oblast and Niska Banja town the dispersion as quantified by GSD is reduced by restricting to certain levels of control factors. Application of the developed approach to characterization of the world population Radon exposure is discussed.
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seasonal Indoor Radon Concentration in fyr of macedonia
Radiation Measurements, 2011Co-Authors: Zdenka Stojanovska, Jovan Januseski, Tore Tollefsen, Peter Bossew, Zora S žunic, Mimoza RistovaAbstract:Abstract This paper presents the results of the seasonal Indoor Radon Concentration measurements in dwellings in all regions of the Former Yugoslav Republic (FYR) of Macedonia. The measurements were made in 437 dwellings using CR-39 track detectors over four successive three-month periods (winter, spring, summer and autumn) throughout 2009. The results of analysis of variance showed statistically significant differences between Indoor Radon Concentrations in different seasons. The geometric mean values and geometric standard deviations of Indoor Radon Concentrations in winter, spring, summer and autumn were obtained to be: 115 Bq m−3 (2.02), 72 Bq m−3 (1.97), 46 Bq m−3 (1.95), 92 Bq m−3 (2.02), respectively. The geometric mean values of spring, summer and autumn to winter ratios were found to be: 0.63 (1.50), 0.40 (1.81), and 0.80 (1.58), respectively. The results of the analysis of the variance showed statistically significant differences among the Indoor Radon measurements for the regions in different seasons. The influence of the factors linked to building characteristics in relation to Radon measurements in different seasons was examined. The factors which enable a differentiation into subgroups (significance level p
Michael Zhukovsky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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variance of Indoor Radon Concentration major influencing factors
Science of The Total Environment, 2016Co-Authors: Ilia V Yarmoshenko, Anatoly Vasilyev, Georgy Malinovsky, A. Onischenko, Peter Bossew, Zora S žunic, Michael ZhukovskyAbstract:Variance of Radon Concentration in dwelling atmosphere is analysed with regard to geogenic and anthropogenic influencing factors. Analysis includes review of 81 national and regional Indoor Radon surveys with varying sampling pattern, sample size and duration of measurements and detailed consideration of two regional surveys (Sverdlovsk oblast, Russia and Niska Banja, Serbia). The analysis of the geometric standard deviation revealed that main factors influencing the dispersion of Indoor Radon Concentration over the territory are as follows: area of territory, sample size, characteristics of measurements technique, the Radon geogenic potential, building construction characteristics and living habits. As shown for Sverdlovsk oblast and Niska Banja town the dispersion as quantified by GSD is reduced by restricting to certain levels of control factors. Application of the developed approach to characterization of the world population Radon exposure is discussed.
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Reconstruction of national distribution of Indoor Radon Concentration in Russia using results of regional Indoor Radon measurement programs.
Journal of environmental radioactivity, 2015Co-Authors: Ilia V Yarmoshenko, Georgy Malinovsky, Aleksey Vasilyev, Michael ZhukovskyAbstract:The aim of the paper is a reconstruction of the national distribution and estimation of the arithmetic average Indoor Radon Concentration in Russia using the data of official annual 4-DOZ reports. Annual 4-DOZ reports summarize results of radiation measurements in 83 regions of Russian Federation. Information on more than 400,000 Indoor Radon measurements includes the average Indoor Radon isotopes equilibrium equivalent Concentration (EEC) and number of measurements by regions and by three main types of houses: wooden, one-storey non-wooden, and multi-storey non-wooden houses. To reconstruct the national distribution, all-Russian model sample was generated by integration of sub-samples created using the results of each annual regional program of Indoor Radon measurements in each type of buildings. According to Indoor Radon Concentration distribution reconstruction, all-Russian average Indoor Radon Concentration is 48 Bq/m(3). Average Indoor Radon Concentration by region ranges from 12 to 207 Bq/m(3). The 95-th percentile of the distribution is reached at Indoor Radon Concentration 160 Bq/m(3).
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Establishing a regional reference Indoor Radon level on the basis of Radon survey data.
Journal of radiological protection : official journal of the Society for Radiological Protection, 2013Co-Authors: Ilia V Yarmoshenko, A. Onishchenko, Michael ZhukovskyAbstract:The establishment of national reference levels is a new requirement of the ICRP radiological protection system. For protection against Indoor Radon exposure measures based on a common national reference level tend to be less effective in regions where the probability of high Indoor Radon Concentrations is relatively low in comparison with the national average. Therefore it makes sense to establish individual Indoor Radon reference levels for large sub-national regions as well as for urban agglomerations separately. Analysis of Indoor Radon surveys of the territory, taking into account the type of building, year of construction, building material, floor and other factors influencing Indoor Radon Concentration, provides essential and important data for defining the reference level. For Ekaterinburg, Russia it is suggested to set the reference Indoor Radon Concentration to a level of 70?Bq?m?3 which corresponds to the 90th percentile of Radon Concentration in a representative group of buildings constructed in the period 1970?89, in which the lowest average Indoor Radon Concentration was observed.
Riccardo Borgoni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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hierarchical modeling of Indoor Radon Concentration how much do geology and building factors matter
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2014Co-Authors: Riccardo Borgoni, Daniela De Bartolo, Davide De Francesco, Nikos TzavidisAbstract:Radon is a natural gas known to be the main contributor to natural background radiation exposure and only second to smoking as major leading cause of lung cancer. The main concern is in Indoor environments where the gas tends to accumulate and can reach high Concentrations. The primary contributor of this gas into the building is from the soil although architectonic characteristics, such as building materials, can largely affect Concentration values. Understanding the factors affecting the Concentration in dwellings and workplaces is important both in prevention, when the construction of a new building is being planned, and in mitigation when the amount of Radon detected inside a building is too high. In this paper we investigate how several factors, such as geologic typologies of the soil and a range of building characteristics, impact on Indoor Concentration focusing, in particular, on how Concentration changes as a function of the floor level. Adopting a mixed effects model to account for the hierarchical nature of the data, we also quantify the extent to which such measurable factors manage to explain the variability of Indoor Radon Concentration.
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A Quantile Regression Approach to Evaluate Factors Influencing Residential Indoor Radon Concentration
Environmental Modeling & Assessment, 2011Co-Authors: Riccardo BorgoniAbstract:Indoor Radon Concentrations depend on building characteristics such as building materials, ventilation and water supply. In this paper, a quantile regression approach is proposed to evaluate the effect of some buildings factors potentially influencing Indoor Radon Concentration. Many of the considered factors, such as soil connection, age of construction and being a single family building, are found to have a statistically significant effect; however, this is far from being constant across the entire support of Indoor Radon Concentration. A potential impact due to geological and geo-physical reasons is also found using the altitude of building locations as a surrogate variable. In addition, a clear local spatial effect is detected by a spatial autoregression approach.
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a geostatistical approach to assess the spatial association between Indoor Radon Concentration geological features and building characteristics the case of lombardy northern italy
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2011Co-Authors: Riccardo Borgoni, Valeria Tritto, Carlo Bigliotto, Daniela De BartoloAbstract:Radon is a natural gas known to be the main contributor to natural background radiation exposure and second to smoking, a major leading cause of lung cancer. The main source of Radon is the soil, but the gas can enter buildings in many different ways and reach high Indoor Concentrations. Monitoring surveys have been promoted in many countries in order to assess the exposure of people to Radon. In this paper, two complementary aspects are investigated. Firstly, we mapped Indoor Radon Concentration in a large and inhomogeneous region using a geostatistical approach which borrows strength from the geologic nature of the soil. Secondly, knowing that geologic and anthropogenic factors, such as building characteristics, can foster the gas to flow into a building or protect against this, we evaluated these effects through a multiple regression model which takes into account the spatial correlation of the data. This allows us to rank different building typologies, identified by architectonic and geological characteristics, according to their proneness to Radon. Our results suggest the opportunity to differentiate construction requirements in a large and inhomogeneous area, as the one considered in this paper, according to different places and provide a method to identify those dwellings which should be monitored more carefully.