The Experts below are selected from a list of 219300 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Chung W. See - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Sensitive detection of voltage transients using differential Intensity Surface plasmon resonance system
    Optics express, 2017
    Co-Authors: Sidahmed A. Abayzeed, Richard J. Smith, Kevin F. Webb, Michael G. Somekh, Chung W. See
    Abstract:

    This paper describes theoretical and experimental study of the fundamentals of using Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for label-free detection of voltage. Plasmonic voltage sensing relies on the capacitive properties of metal-electrolyte interface that are governed by electrostatic interactions between charge carriers in both phases. Externally-applied voltage leads to changes in the free electron density in the Surface of the metal, shifting the SPR position. The study shows the effects of the applied voltage on the shape of the SPR curve. It also provides a comparison between the theoretical and experimental response to the applied voltage. The response is presented in a universal term that can be used to assess the voltage sensitivity of different SPR instruments. Finally, it demonstrates the capacity of the SPR system in resolving dynamic voltage signals; a detection limit of 10mV with a temporal resolution of 5ms is achievable. These findings pave the way for the use of SPR systems in the detection of electrical activity of biological cells.

  • Responsivity of the differential-Intensity Surface plasmon resonance instrument
    Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2016
    Co-Authors: Sidahmed A. Abayzeed, Richard J. Smith, Kevin F. Webb, Michael G. Somekh, Chung W. See
    Abstract:

    Surface plasmon resonance is used for the sensitive measurement of minute concentrations of bio-analytes and probing of electrochemical processes. Typical refractive index sensitivity, for the Intensity approach, is around 10−6 refractive index units (RIUs). A better sensitivity has been suggested by developing a differential-Intensity detection method. This method relies on the excitation of Surface plasmons using a weakly focused beam with the average angle of incidence equal to the resonance angle, while the reflected light is detected using a bi-cell photodiode. The Bi-cell signal is processed by calculating the difference between its two units, normalized to their sum. This ratio estimates the shift in the resonance angle using a model that represents the resonance curve with a quadratic function. However, this model does not explain the effects of parameters such as the angular width of the excitation beam and the specifications of the sensing structure on the system’s response. This paper presents a detailed evaluation of the responsivity using experimental and theoretical approaches, which can predict the effect of the different parameters, paving the way towards the investigation of a better sensitivity and the optimization of the system’s design for different applications.

Sidahmed A. Abayzeed - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Sensitive detection of voltage transients using differential Intensity Surface plasmon resonance system
    Optics express, 2017
    Co-Authors: Sidahmed A. Abayzeed, Richard J. Smith, Kevin F. Webb, Michael G. Somekh, Chung W. See
    Abstract:

    This paper describes theoretical and experimental study of the fundamentals of using Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for label-free detection of voltage. Plasmonic voltage sensing relies on the capacitive properties of metal-electrolyte interface that are governed by electrostatic interactions between charge carriers in both phases. Externally-applied voltage leads to changes in the free electron density in the Surface of the metal, shifting the SPR position. The study shows the effects of the applied voltage on the shape of the SPR curve. It also provides a comparison between the theoretical and experimental response to the applied voltage. The response is presented in a universal term that can be used to assess the voltage sensitivity of different SPR instruments. Finally, it demonstrates the capacity of the SPR system in resolving dynamic voltage signals; a detection limit of 10mV with a temporal resolution of 5ms is achievable. These findings pave the way for the use of SPR systems in the detection of electrical activity of biological cells.

  • Responsivity of the differential-Intensity Surface plasmon resonance instrument
    Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2016
    Co-Authors: Sidahmed A. Abayzeed, Richard J. Smith, Kevin F. Webb, Michael G. Somekh, Chung W. See
    Abstract:

    Surface plasmon resonance is used for the sensitive measurement of minute concentrations of bio-analytes and probing of electrochemical processes. Typical refractive index sensitivity, for the Intensity approach, is around 10−6 refractive index units (RIUs). A better sensitivity has been suggested by developing a differential-Intensity detection method. This method relies on the excitation of Surface plasmons using a weakly focused beam with the average angle of incidence equal to the resonance angle, while the reflected light is detected using a bi-cell photodiode. The Bi-cell signal is processed by calculating the difference between its two units, normalized to their sum. This ratio estimates the shift in the resonance angle using a model that represents the resonance curve with a quadratic function. However, this model does not explain the effects of parameters such as the angular width of the excitation beam and the specifications of the sensing structure on the system’s response. This paper presents a detailed evaluation of the responsivity using experimental and theoretical approaches, which can predict the effect of the different parameters, paving the way towards the investigation of a better sensitivity and the optimization of the system’s design for different applications.

Rickard Hansen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Corrigendum to: Estimating the amount of water required to extinguish wildfires under different conditions and in various fuel types
    International Journal of Wildland Fire, 2012
    Co-Authors: Rickard Hansen
    Abstract:

    In wildland fires where water is used as the primary extinguishing agent, one of the issues of wildfire suppression is estimating how much water is required to extinguish a certain section of the fire. In order to use easily distinguished and available indicators, the flame length and the area of the active combustion zone were chosen as suitable for the modelling of extinguishing requirements. Using Byram's and Thomas' equations, the heat release rate per unit length of fire front was calculated for low-Intensity Surface fires, fires with higher wind conditions, fires in steep terrain and high-Intensity crown fires. Based on the heat release rate per unit length of fire front, the critical water flow rate was calculated for the various cases. Further, the required amount of water for a specific active combustion zone area was calculated for various fuel models. Finally, the results for low-Intensity Surface fires were validated against fire experiments. The calculated volumes of water can be used both during the preparatory planning for incidents as well as during firefighting operations. Language: en

  • Estimating the amount of water required to extinguish wildfires under different conditions and in various fuel types
    International Journal of Wildland Fire, 2012
    Co-Authors: Rickard Hansen
    Abstract:

    In wildland fires where water is used as the primary extinguishing agent, one of the issues of wildfire suppression is estimating how much water is required to extinguish a certain section of the fire. In order to use easily distinguished and available indicators, the flame length and the area of the active combustion zone were chosen as suitable for the modelling of extinguishing requirements. Using Byram’s and Thomas’ equations, the heat release rate per unit length of fire front was calculated for low-Intensity Surface fires, fires with higher wind conditions, fires in steep terrain and high-Intensity crown fires. Based on the heat release rate per unit length of fire front, the critical water flow rate was calculated for the various cases. Further, the required amount of water for a specific active combustion zone area was calculated for various fuel models. Finally, the results for low-Intensity Surface fires were validated against fire experiments. The calculated volumes of water can be used both during the preparatory planning for incidents as well as during firefighting operations.

Richard J. Smith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Sensitive detection of voltage transients using differential Intensity Surface plasmon resonance system
    Optics express, 2017
    Co-Authors: Sidahmed A. Abayzeed, Richard J. Smith, Kevin F. Webb, Michael G. Somekh, Chung W. See
    Abstract:

    This paper describes theoretical and experimental study of the fundamentals of using Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for label-free detection of voltage. Plasmonic voltage sensing relies on the capacitive properties of metal-electrolyte interface that are governed by electrostatic interactions between charge carriers in both phases. Externally-applied voltage leads to changes in the free electron density in the Surface of the metal, shifting the SPR position. The study shows the effects of the applied voltage on the shape of the SPR curve. It also provides a comparison between the theoretical and experimental response to the applied voltage. The response is presented in a universal term that can be used to assess the voltage sensitivity of different SPR instruments. Finally, it demonstrates the capacity of the SPR system in resolving dynamic voltage signals; a detection limit of 10mV with a temporal resolution of 5ms is achievable. These findings pave the way for the use of SPR systems in the detection of electrical activity of biological cells.

  • Responsivity of the differential-Intensity Surface plasmon resonance instrument
    Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2016
    Co-Authors: Sidahmed A. Abayzeed, Richard J. Smith, Kevin F. Webb, Michael G. Somekh, Chung W. See
    Abstract:

    Surface plasmon resonance is used for the sensitive measurement of minute concentrations of bio-analytes and probing of electrochemical processes. Typical refractive index sensitivity, for the Intensity approach, is around 10−6 refractive index units (RIUs). A better sensitivity has been suggested by developing a differential-Intensity detection method. This method relies on the excitation of Surface plasmons using a weakly focused beam with the average angle of incidence equal to the resonance angle, while the reflected light is detected using a bi-cell photodiode. The Bi-cell signal is processed by calculating the difference between its two units, normalized to their sum. This ratio estimates the shift in the resonance angle using a model that represents the resonance curve with a quadratic function. However, this model does not explain the effects of parameters such as the angular width of the excitation beam and the specifications of the sensing structure on the system’s response. This paper presents a detailed evaluation of the responsivity using experimental and theoretical approaches, which can predict the effect of the different parameters, paving the way towards the investigation of a better sensitivity and the optimization of the system’s design for different applications.

Kevin F. Webb - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Sensitive detection of voltage transients using differential Intensity Surface plasmon resonance system
    Optics express, 2017
    Co-Authors: Sidahmed A. Abayzeed, Richard J. Smith, Kevin F. Webb, Michael G. Somekh, Chung W. See
    Abstract:

    This paper describes theoretical and experimental study of the fundamentals of using Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for label-free detection of voltage. Plasmonic voltage sensing relies on the capacitive properties of metal-electrolyte interface that are governed by electrostatic interactions between charge carriers in both phases. Externally-applied voltage leads to changes in the free electron density in the Surface of the metal, shifting the SPR position. The study shows the effects of the applied voltage on the shape of the SPR curve. It also provides a comparison between the theoretical and experimental response to the applied voltage. The response is presented in a universal term that can be used to assess the voltage sensitivity of different SPR instruments. Finally, it demonstrates the capacity of the SPR system in resolving dynamic voltage signals; a detection limit of 10mV with a temporal resolution of 5ms is achievable. These findings pave the way for the use of SPR systems in the detection of electrical activity of biological cells.

  • Responsivity of the differential-Intensity Surface plasmon resonance instrument
    Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2016
    Co-Authors: Sidahmed A. Abayzeed, Richard J. Smith, Kevin F. Webb, Michael G. Somekh, Chung W. See
    Abstract:

    Surface plasmon resonance is used for the sensitive measurement of minute concentrations of bio-analytes and probing of electrochemical processes. Typical refractive index sensitivity, for the Intensity approach, is around 10−6 refractive index units (RIUs). A better sensitivity has been suggested by developing a differential-Intensity detection method. This method relies on the excitation of Surface plasmons using a weakly focused beam with the average angle of incidence equal to the resonance angle, while the reflected light is detected using a bi-cell photodiode. The Bi-cell signal is processed by calculating the difference between its two units, normalized to their sum. This ratio estimates the shift in the resonance angle using a model that represents the resonance curve with a quadratic function. However, this model does not explain the effects of parameters such as the angular width of the excitation beam and the specifications of the sensing structure on the system’s response. This paper presents a detailed evaluation of the responsivity using experimental and theoretical approaches, which can predict the effect of the different parameters, paving the way towards the investigation of a better sensitivity and the optimization of the system’s design for different applications.