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Ronald Skeldon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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International Migration internal Migration mobility and urbanization towards more integrated approaches
2018Co-Authors: Ronald SkeldonAbstract:This new publication in the IOM Migration Research Series explores Migration as one of the most problematic of the population variables. While reviewing the various instruments to measure International and internal Migration, the research questions the tendency to consider the diverse forms of mobility separately from one another. The publication argues that human mobility is best conceived as a system that integrates internal and International Migration within a single framework and that gives due account to tourism and its significant linkages with Migration.
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International Migration as a tool in development policy a passing phase
Social Science Research Network, 2011Co-Authors: Ronald SkeldonAbstract:This essay examines the recent emergence of Migration and development as a major area of policy concern. The focus up to now has been almost entirely upon International Migration, which accounts for the minority of people who move. A concensus has emerged that Migration can be managed so as to promote development, and the essay critically assesses three of the major areas of concern: remittances, skilled Migration and diaspora. While welcoming the growing acceptance that Migration is no longer seen as negative for development, the essay cautions against essentailizing Migration and placing too great a responsibility upon migrant agency at the expense of the institutional change necessary to bring about development. Internal as well as International Migrations will need to be integrated into any development framework, and it is further argued that these Migrations are essentially a consequence of development. Planning for Migration as an outcome rather than a cause of development is likely to provide a more balanced policy approach.
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mind the gap integrating approaches to internal and International Migration
Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 2010Co-Authors: Russell King, Ronald SkeldonAbstract:The interdisciplinary field of Migration studies is split into internal and International Migration, characterised by different literatures, concepts, methods and policy agendas. Most Migration scholars nowadays research International Migration, even though, quantitatively, internal Migration is more important. Yet the distinction between internal and International moves becomes increasingly blurred, not only because of geopolitical events and the changing nature and configuration of borders, but also because migrants' journeys are becoming increasingly multiple, complex and fragmented. We present a schematic model that sets out 10 Migration pathways that combine internal and International Migration, and return Migration, in various sequenced relationships. We survey the limited literature that attempts to compare and integrate internal and International Migration within the same theoretical framework, both general models and some case-study literature from Mexico. We consider three approaches where theoretical transfer seems to hold potential: systems approaches, migrant integration, and the Migration-development nexus. We conclude that considerable potential exists for integrating the study of internal and International Migration, at both the theoretical and the empirical level. Too often one is studied without reference to the other, yielding a partial analysis. However, we baulk at attempting any 'grand theory' of Migration which incorporates all types of Migration, in all places and at all times.
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International Migration as a tool in development policy a passing phase
Population and Development Review, 2008Co-Authors: Ronald SkeldonAbstract:This article examines the recent rise of Migration and development as a major area of policy concern. The focus up to now has been almost entirely upon International Migration, which accounts for the minority of people who move. A consensus has emerged that Migration can be managed to promote development and this article critically assesses three of the major areas of concern: remittances, skilled Migration and the diaspora. While welcoming the growing acceptance that Migration is no longer seen as negative for development, this article cautions against essentializing Migration and placing too great a responsibility upon migrant agency at the expense of the institutional change necessary to bring about development. Internal as well as International Migrations will need to be integrated into any development framework and it is further argued that these Migrations are essentially a consequence of development. Planning for Migration as an outcome rather than a cause of development is likely to provide a more balanced policy approach.
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International Migration as a tool in development policy a passing phase
Population and Development Review, 2008Co-Authors: Ronald SkeldonAbstract:This essay examines the recent emergence of Migration and development as a major area of policy concern. The focus up to now has been almost entirely upon International Migration, which accounts for the minority of people who move. A consensus has emerged that Migration can be managed so as to promote development, and the essay critically assesses three of the major areas of concern: remittances, skilled Migration, and the diaspora. While welcoming the growing acceptance that Migration is no longer seen as negative for development, the essay cautions against essentializing Migration and placing too great a responsibility upon migrant agency at the expense of the institutional change necessary to bring about development. Internal as well as International Migrations will need to be integrated into any development framework, and it is further argued that these Migrations are essentially a consequence of development. Planning for Migration as an outcome rather than a cause of development is likely to provide a more balanced policy approach. Copyright (c) 2008 The Population Council, Inc..
Anna Maria Mayda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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International Migration a panel data analysis of the determinants of bilateral flows
Journal of Population Economics, 2010Co-Authors: Anna Maria MaydaAbstract:In this paper, I empirically investigate the determinants of Migration inflows into 14 OECD countries by country of origin between 1980 and 1995. I analyze the effect on Migration of average income and income dispersion in destination and origin countries. I also examine the impact of geographical, cultural, and demographic factors as well as the role played by changes in destination countries’ Migration policies. My analysis both delivers estimates consistent with the predictions of the International Migration model and generates empirical puzzles.
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International Migration a panel data analysis of the determinants of bilateral flows
Journal of Population Economics, 2010Co-Authors: Anna Maria MaydaAbstract:In this paper I empirically investigate the determinants of Migration inflows into fourteen OECD countries by country of origin, between 1980 and 1995. I analyze the effect on Migration of average income and income dispersion in destination and origin countries. I also examine the impact of geographical, cultural, and demographic factors as well as the role played by changes in destination countries' Migration policies. My analysis both delivers estimates consistent with the predictions of the International Migration model and generates empirical puzzles.
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International Migration a panel data analysis of economic and non economic determinants
2005Co-Authors: Anna Maria MaydaAbstract:In this paper I empirically investigate economic and non-economic determinants of Migration inflows into fourteen OECD countries by country of origin, between 1980 and 1995. The annual panel data set used makes it possible to exploit both the time-series and cross-country variation in immigrant inflows. I focus on both supply and demand determinants of Migration patterns and find results broadly consistent with the theoretical predictions of a standard International-Migration model. Both first and second moments of the income distribution in the destination and origin countries shape International Migration movements. In particular, I find evidence of robust and significant pull effects, that is the positive impact on immigrant inflows of improvements in the mean income opportunities in the host country. Inequality in the origin and destination economies affects the size of Migration rates as predicted by Borjas (1987) selection model. Finally, among the non-economic determinants, I investigate the impact on eMigration rates of geographical, cultural, and demographic factors as well as the role played by changes in destination countries' Migration policies.
John Page - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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do International Migration and remittances reduce poverty in developing countries
World Development, 2005Co-Authors: Richard H Adams, John PageAbstract:Summary Few studies have examined the impact of International Migration and remittances on poverty in the developing world. This paper fills this lacuna by constructing and analyzing a new data set on International Migration, remittances, inequality, and poverty from 71 developing countries. The results show that both International Migration and remittances significantly reduce the level, depth, and severity of poverty in the developing world. After instrumenting for the possible endogeneity of International Migration, and controlling for various factors, results suggest that, on average, a 10% increase in the share of International migrants in a country’s population will lead to a 2.1% decline in the share of people living on less than $1.00 per person per day. After instrumenting for the possible endogeneity of International remittances, a similar 10% increase in per capita official International remittances will lead to a 3.5% decline in the share of people living in poverty.
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International Migration remittances and poverty in developing countries
Research Papers in Economics, 2003Co-Authors: Richard H Adams, John PageAbstract:Few studies have examined the impact of International Migration and remittances on poverty in a broad cross-section of developing countries. The authors try to fill this gap by constructing a new data set on poverty, International Migration, and remittances for 74 low- and middle-income developing countries. Four key findings emerge: 1) International Migration-defined as the share of a country's population living abroad-has a strong, statistical impact in reducing poverty. On average, a 10 percent increase in the share of International migrants in a country's population will lead to a 1.9 percent decline in the share of people living in poverty ($1.00 a person a day). 2) Distance to a major labor-receiving region-like the United States or OECD (Europe)-has an important effect on International Migration. Developing countries that are located closest to the United States or OECD (Europe) are also those countries withthe highest rates of Migration. 3) An inverted U-shaped curve exists between the level of country per capita income and International Migration. Developing countries with low or high per capita GDP produce smaller shares of International migrants than do middle-income developing countries. The authors find no evidence that developing countries with higher levels of poverty produce more migrants. Because of considerable travel costs associated with International Migration, International migrants come from those income groups which are just above the poverty line in middle-income developing countries. 4) International remittances-defined as the share of remittances in country GDP-have a strong, statistical impact in reducing poverty. On average, a 10 percent increase in the share of International remittances in a country's GDP will lead to a 1.6 percent decline in the share of people living in poverty.
Jessica C Teets - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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defying the law of gravity the political economy of International Migration
World Politics, 2014Co-Authors: David Leblang, Jennifer Fitzgerald, Jessica C TeetsAbstract:Bilateral flows of International migrants exhibit tremendous variance both across destination countries and over time. To explain this variance, studies of International Migration tend to focus on economic determinants such as income differentials or on social conditions such as the presence of coethnics in certain destination countries. The authors argue that Migration is driven not solely by economic or social determinants; rather, the political environment across destinations plays a substantively large role in influencing bilateral Migration flows. They test the importance of the political environment—citizenship rights and the prominence of right-wing parties—using data on Migration flows from 178 origin countries into 18 destination countries over the period 1980–2006. They find, even after controlling for a variety of economic, social, policy, and International variables, that variation in political environments across time and destination plays a key role in observed patterns of International Migration.
Richard H Adams - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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do International Migration and remittances reduce poverty in developing countries
World Development, 2005Co-Authors: Richard H Adams, John PageAbstract:Summary Few studies have examined the impact of International Migration and remittances on poverty in the developing world. This paper fills this lacuna by constructing and analyzing a new data set on International Migration, remittances, inequality, and poverty from 71 developing countries. The results show that both International Migration and remittances significantly reduce the level, depth, and severity of poverty in the developing world. After instrumenting for the possible endogeneity of International Migration, and controlling for various factors, results suggest that, on average, a 10% increase in the share of International migrants in a country’s population will lead to a 2.1% decline in the share of people living on less than $1.00 per person per day. After instrumenting for the possible endogeneity of International remittances, a similar 10% increase in per capita official International remittances will lead to a 3.5% decline in the share of people living in poverty.
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International Migration remittances and poverty in developing countries
Research Papers in Economics, 2003Co-Authors: Richard H Adams, John PageAbstract:Few studies have examined the impact of International Migration and remittances on poverty in a broad cross-section of developing countries. The authors try to fill this gap by constructing a new data set on poverty, International Migration, and remittances for 74 low- and middle-income developing countries. Four key findings emerge: 1) International Migration-defined as the share of a country's population living abroad-has a strong, statistical impact in reducing poverty. On average, a 10 percent increase in the share of International migrants in a country's population will lead to a 1.9 percent decline in the share of people living in poverty ($1.00 a person a day). 2) Distance to a major labor-receiving region-like the United States or OECD (Europe)-has an important effect on International Migration. Developing countries that are located closest to the United States or OECD (Europe) are also those countries withthe highest rates of Migration. 3) An inverted U-shaped curve exists between the level of country per capita income and International Migration. Developing countries with low or high per capita GDP produce smaller shares of International migrants than do middle-income developing countries. The authors find no evidence that developing countries with higher levels of poverty produce more migrants. Because of considerable travel costs associated with International Migration, International migrants come from those income groups which are just above the poverty line in middle-income developing countries. 4) International remittances-defined as the share of remittances in country GDP-have a strong, statistical impact in reducing poverty. On average, a 10 percent increase in the share of International remittances in a country's GDP will lead to a 1.6 percent decline in the share of people living in poverty.
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International Migration remittances and the brain drain a study of 24 labor exporting countries
2003Co-Authors: Richard H AdamsAbstract:While the level of International Migration and remittances continues to grow, data on International Migration remains unreliable. At the International level, there is no consistent set of statistics on the number or skill characteristics of International migrants. At the national level, most labor-exporting countries do not collect data on their migrants. Adams tries to overcome these problems by constructing a new data set of 24 large, labor-exporting countries and using estimates of Migration and educational attainment based on United States and OECD records. He uses these new data to address the key policy question: How pervasive is the brain drain from labor-exporting countries? Three basic findings emerge: With respect to legal Migration, International Migration involves the movement of the educated. The vast majority of migrants to both the United States and the OECD have a secondary (high school) education or higher. While migrants are well-educated, International Migration does not tend to take a very high proportion of the best educated. For 22 of the 33 countries in which educational attainment data can be estimated, less than 10 percent of the best educated (tertiary-educated) population of labor-exporting countries has migrated. For a handful of labor-exporting countries, International Migration does cause brain drain. For example, for the five Latin American countries (Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Jamaica and Mexico) located closest to the United States, Migration takes a large share of the best educated. This finding suggests that more work needs to be done on the relationship between brain drain, geographical proximity to labor-receiving countries, and the size of the (educated) population of labor-exporting countries.