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Richard H Adams - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the determinants of international Remittances in developing countries
World Development, 2009Co-Authors: Richard H AdamsAbstract:Summary What causes developing countries to receive different levels of international Remittances? This paper addresses this question by using new data on such variables as the skill composition of migrants, poverty, and interest and exchange rates to examine the determinants of Remittances. The paper finds that the skill composition of migrants does matter in remittance determination. Countries which export a larger share of high-skilled (educated) migrants receive less per capita Remittances than countries which export a larger proportion of low-skilled migrants. It also finds that the level of poverty in a labor-sending country does not have a positive impact on the level of Remittances received.
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international Remittances and the household analysis and review of global evidence
Research Papers in Economics, 2007Co-Authors: Richard H AdamsAbstract:This paper examines the economic impact of international Remittances on countries and households in the developing world. To analyze the country-level impact of Remittances, the paper estimates an econometric model based on a new data set of 115 developing countries. Results suggest that countries located close to a major remittance-sending region (like the United States, OECD-Europe) are more likely to receive international Remittances, and that while the level of poverty in a country has no statistical effect on the amount of Remittances received, for those countries which are fortunate enough to receive Remittances, these resource flows do tend to reduce the level and depth of poverty. At the household level, a review of findings from recent research suggest that households receiving international Remittances spend less at the margin on consumption goods-like food-and more on investment goods-like education and housing. Households receiving international Remittances also tend to invest more in entrepreneurial activities.
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Remittances household expenditure and investment in guatemala
Research Papers in Economics, 2005Co-Authors: Richard H AdamsAbstract:The author uses a large household data set from Guatemala to analyze how the receipt of internal Remittances (from Guatemala) and international Remittances (from the United States) affects the marginal spending behavior of households on various consumption and investment goods. Contrary to other studies, the author finds that households receiving Remittances actually spend less at the margin on consumption-food and consumer goods and durables-than do households receiving no Remittances. Instead of spending on consumption, households receiving Remittances tend to spend more on investment goods, like education, health, and housing. The analysis shows that a large amount of remittance money goes into education. At the margin, households receiving internal and international Remittances spend 45 and 58 percent more, respectively, on education, than do households with no Remittances. These increased expenditures on education represent investment in human capital. Like other studies, the author finds that remittance-receiving households spend more at the margin on housing. These increased expenditures on housing represent a type of investment for the migrant, as well as a means for boosting local economic development by creating new income and employment opportunities for skilled and unskilled workers.
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Remittances household expenditure and investment in guatemala
Social Science Research Network, 2005Co-Authors: Richard H AdamsAbstract:This paper uses a large household data set from Guatemala to analyze how the receipt of internal Remittances (from Guatemala) and international Remittances (from the United States) affects the marginal spending behavior of households on various consumption and investment goods. Contrary to other studies, this study finds that households receiving Remittances actually spend less at the margin on consumption - food and consumer goods and durables - than do households receiving no Remittances. Instead of spending on consumption, households receiving Remittances tend to spend more on investment goods, like education, health and housing. The analysis shows that a large amount of remittance money goes into education. At the margin, households receiving internal and international Remittances spend 45 and 58 percent more, respectively, on education than do households with no Remittances. These increased expenditures on education represent investment in human capital. Like other studies, this paper finds that remittance-receiving households spend more at the margin on housing. These increased expenditures on housing represent a type of investment for the migrant as well as a means for boosting local economic development by creating new income and employment opportunities for skilled and unskilled workers.
Pablo Acosta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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school attendance child labour and Remittances from international migration in el salvador
Journal of Development Studies, 2011Co-Authors: Pablo AcostaAbstract:International migrant Remittances can increase household budget and reduce liquidity constraint problems, generating consumption and investment opportunities for recipient households. In particular, Remittances can enable investing in children's human capital and reduce child labour, key outcomes from the perspective of growth in a developing country. Using data for El Salvador, this article shows: a) a null or insignificant overall impact of Remittances on schooling; b) a strong reduction of child wage labour in remittance-recipient households; and c) an increase in unpaid family work activities for children in those households. Moreover, the evidence shows important differences by gender and age of the child in consideration. While girls seem to indeed increase school attendance upon remittance receipts by reducing labour activities, boys do not benefit on average from higher schooling but some time substitution takes place favouring family work activities over paid jobs. And among secondary school-aged children, the impact of remittance may even be negative for educational prospects. These results suggest the presence of differences in the allocation of resources within the household.
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school attendance child labour and Remittances from international migration in el salvador
Journal of Development Studies, 2011Co-Authors: Pablo AcostaAbstract:Abstract International migrant Remittances can increase household budget and reduce liquidity constraint problems, generating consumption and investment opportunities for recipient households. In particular, Remittances can enable investing in children's human capital and reduce child labour, key outcomes from the perspective of growth in a developing country. Using data for El Salvador, this article shows: a) a null or insignificant overall impact of Remittances on schooling; b) a strong reduction of child wage labour in remittance-recipient households; and c) an increase in unpaid family work activities for children in those households. Moreover, the evidence shows important differences by gender and age of the child in consideration. While girls seem to indeed increase school attendance upon remittance receipts by reducing labour activities, boys do not benefit on average from higher schooling but some time substitution takes place favouring family work activities over paid jobs. And among secondary sc...
Dean Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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remittance responses to temporary discounts a field experiment among central american migrants
National Bureau of Economic Research, 2014Co-Authors: Kate Ambler, Diego Aycinena, Dean YangAbstract:We study the impacts on Remittances of offering migrants temporary discounts on remittance transaction fees. We randomly assigned migrants from El Salvador and Guatemala 10-week remittance transaction fee discounts, and assess impacts using administrative transaction data and a post-experiment survey. Temporary discounts lead to substantial increases in the number of transactions and total amount remitted during the discount period. Surprisingly, these increases persist up to 20 weeks after expiration of the discount. We find no evidence that the discounts cause migrants to shift Remittances from other remittance channels, or to send Remittances on behalf of other migrants. These findings are consistent with naivete on the part of migrants regarding remittance recipients' reference-dependent preferences.
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are Remittances insurance evidence from rainfall shocks in the philippines
Social Science Research Network, 2005Co-Authors: Dean Yang, Hwajung ChoiAbstract:Do Remittances sent by overseas migrants serve as insurance for recipient households? This paper examines how Remittances sent by overseas migrants respond to income shocks experienced by Philippine households. Because household income and Remittances are jointly determined, we exploit rainfall shocks as instrumental variables for income changes. In households with overseas migrants, we find that exogenous changes in income lead to changes in Remittances of the opposite sign, consistent with an insurance motivation for Remittances. In such households, we find that roughly 60% of exogenous declines in income are replaced by remittance inflows from overseas. By contrast, exogenous changes in household income have no effect on remittance receipts in households without overseas migrants.
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are Remittances insurance evidence from rainfall shocks in the philippines
Research Papers in Economics, 2005Co-Authors: Dean Yang, Hwajung ChoiAbstract:Do Remittances sent by overseas migrants serve as insurance for recipient households? This paper examines how Remittances sent by overseas migrants respond to income shocks experienced by Philippine households. Because household income and Remittances are jointly determined, we exploit rainfall shocks as instrumental variables for income changes. In households with overseas migrants, we find that exogenous changes in income lead to changes in Remittances of the opposite sign, consistent with an insurance motivation for Remittances. In such households, we cannot reject the null hypothesis of full insurance: on average, essentially all of exogenous declines in income are replaced by remittance inflows from overseas. By contrast, changes in household income have no effect on remittance receipts in households without overseas migrants. Remittance receipts may also be partly shared with others: in migrant households, net gifts to other households move in the same direction as remittance receipts in response to income shocks.
Rebecca Stanley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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protecting the west excluding the rest the impact of the aml ctf regime on financial inclusion in the pacific and potential responses
Melbourne Journal of International Law, 2016Co-Authors: Rebecca Stanley, Ross P BuckleyAbstract:Financial inclusion is an important international policy goal. Remittances promote financial inclusion by contributing almost half a trillion dollars to the economies of developing countries each year and by giving people a strong reason to engage with formal financial services. In the Pacific, Remittances represent a significant proportion of many countries' GDPs. The G20 has committed to reducing the global average cost of sending Remittances to 5 per cent. At the same time, financial service providers are facing increasingly onerous regulatory requirements to combat the global rise in money laundering and terrorism financing. In Australia, these requirements have led to the bank account closures of many money transfer operators, posing a real risk to financial inclusion, growth and stability in the Pacific. This paper examines the G20's goals for financial inclusion, the role of Remittances in achieving these goals for the Pacific region, and the impact of anti-money laundering and counter-terror financing ('AML/CTF') regulations on the Australian remittance industry. A number of solutions are proposed to address the challenges facing the remittance industry in Australia, including the adoption of risk-based regulatory measures such as limiting transfer sums, digitising payments and encouraging greater use of technological innovation to reduce risks.
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protecting the west excluding the rest the impact of the aml ctf regime on financial inclusion in the pacific and potential responses
Social Science Research Network, 2016Co-Authors: Ross P Buckley, Rebecca StanleyAbstract:Financial inclusion is an important international policy goal. Remittances promote financial inclusion by contributing almost half a trillion dollars to the economies of developing countries each year and by giving people a strong reason to engage with formal financial services. In the Pacific, Remittances represent a significant proportion of many countries’ GDPs. The G20 has committed to reducing the global average cost of sending Remittances to 5%. At the same time, financial service providers are facing increasingly onerous regulatory requirements to combat the global rise in money laundering and terrorism financing. In Australia, these requirements have led to the bank account closures of many money transfer operators, posing a real risk to financial inclusion, growth and stability in the Pacific. This paper examines the G20’s goals for financial inclusion, the role of Remittances in achieving these goals for the Pacific region, and the impact of AML/CTF regulations on the Australian remittance industry. A number of solutions are proposed to address the challenges facing the remittance industry in Australia.
Hwajung Choi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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are Remittances insurance evidence from rainfall shocks in the philippines
Social Science Research Network, 2005Co-Authors: Dean Yang, Hwajung ChoiAbstract:Do Remittances sent by overseas migrants serve as insurance for recipient households? This paper examines how Remittances sent by overseas migrants respond to income shocks experienced by Philippine households. Because household income and Remittances are jointly determined, we exploit rainfall shocks as instrumental variables for income changes. In households with overseas migrants, we find that exogenous changes in income lead to changes in Remittances of the opposite sign, consistent with an insurance motivation for Remittances. In such households, we find that roughly 60% of exogenous declines in income are replaced by remittance inflows from overseas. By contrast, exogenous changes in household income have no effect on remittance receipts in households without overseas migrants.
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are Remittances insurance evidence from rainfall shocks in the philippines
Research Papers in Economics, 2005Co-Authors: Dean Yang, Hwajung ChoiAbstract:Do Remittances sent by overseas migrants serve as insurance for recipient households? This paper examines how Remittances sent by overseas migrants respond to income shocks experienced by Philippine households. Because household income and Remittances are jointly determined, we exploit rainfall shocks as instrumental variables for income changes. In households with overseas migrants, we find that exogenous changes in income lead to changes in Remittances of the opposite sign, consistent with an insurance motivation for Remittances. In such households, we cannot reject the null hypothesis of full insurance: on average, essentially all of exogenous declines in income are replaced by remittance inflows from overseas. By contrast, changes in household income have no effect on remittance receipts in households without overseas migrants. Remittance receipts may also be partly shared with others: in migrant households, net gifts to other households move in the same direction as remittance receipts in response to income shocks.