The Experts below are selected from a list of 327 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
A R Sepaskhah - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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model for simulation of winter wheat yield under dryland and Irrigated Conditions
Agricultural Water Management, 2003Co-Authors: Ali Naghi Ziaei, A R SepaskhahAbstract:The ability to accurately model crop water requirements can improve irrigation management. Forecasting of wheat yield at the time of planting under different irrigation management programs is possible with a wheat growth simulation model calibrated for the study area. In this study, a model was developed for simulation of wheat growth and yield. The model involves a water balance and a crop yield submodels. The model can provide daily estimate of soil water content, potential and actual evapotranspiration, runoff, deep percolation, leaf area index (LAI), dry matter (DM) and finally grain yield. Soil properties and daily rainfall and pan evaporation are model inputs. The sowing date and soil water content at sowing date should be specified. The wheat growing season was divided into three periods; pre-anthesis, anthesis and post-anthesis. During the first stages, the crop assimilate was devoted to biomass increment. While, in the last stage, crop assimilate increased the grain mass. The leaf area index was related to total dry matter and pan evaporation since sowing. Available energy was partitioned between evaporation and transpiration according to leaf area index. Actual transpiration was dependent on the available soil water in the root zone. The root zone consisted of two soil layers. The actual transpiration and transpiration efficiency were used to estimate the daily dry matter increment. Grain number was dependent on total dry matter at anthesis. Finally, grain yield was obtained as production of grain mass and grain number. The model was calibrated for winter wheat yield in Badjgah area, Fars province, Islamic Republic of Iran with data from an experiment with five irrigation treatments. The model produced good estimates of dry matter and grain yield. The accuracy of the model was verified with data from another 12 irrigation treatments in study area. The model was applied to estimate dryland winter wheat yield for a 17-year period. The estimated grain yields were reasonable. The results indicated that soil water content and irrigation at sowing date could increase the total dry matter. However, they could not influence the grain yield considerably.
S. S. Singh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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HD 3059 (Pusa Pachheti): A new wheat variety for late sown Irrigated Conditions of north western plains zone of India
Journal of Wheat Research, 2014Co-Authors: S. S. Singh, J. B. Sharma, Pradeep K. Singh, Vinod, Bhanwar Singh, Kumble Vinod Prabhu, Gyanendra Singh, Ram Kumar Sharma, Dinesh Kumar, Sanjay KumarAbstract:A new bread wheat variety, HD3059 (Pusa Pachheti) has been released and notifed by the Central Sub- Committee on Crop Standards, Notifcation and Release of Varieties for Agricultural Crops, Government of India for commercial cultivation under late sown Irrigated Conditions of North Western Plains Zone (NWPZ) of the country. HD 3059 has average yield of 4.25 t/ha with yield potential of 5.94t/ha under late sown Irrigated Conditions and showed superiority over checks (PBW373, PBW 590 and WH 1021). It is resistant to yellow rust and brown rust. It has shown superior quality parameters with high protein content (13.6%), high sedimentation value (52ml), best Glu-1 Score (10/10) and good extraction rate (70.1%) meeting all the criteria for superior bread making qualities. This beingan early maturing variety has promise for late sown Irrigated planting areas following basmati rice/wheat; potato/wheat and sugarcane/wheat cropping systems and thus will contribute to increasing wheat production in Indo-Gangetic region in India.
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HD 3090 (Pusa Amulya) - A new rust resistant, high yielding wheat variety for late sown Irrigated Conditions of Peninsular Zone in India
Journal of Wheat Research, 2014Co-Authors: J. B. Sharma, S. S. Singh, Pradeep K. Singh, Vinod, Kumble Vinod Prabhu, Gyanendra Singh, Ram Kumar Sharma, Sanjay Kumar, Anju Mahendru Singh, Rajbir YadavAbstract:A new bread wheat variety, HD3090 (Pusa Amulya) has been released and notifed by the Central Sub- Committee on Crop Standards, Notifcation and Release of Varieties for Agricultural Crops, Government of India vide S. O. 224 E dated 24th January 2014, for commercial cultivation under late sown Irrigated Conditions of Peninsular Zone (PZ) of the country. HD 3090, a semi-dwarf (80 cm), rust resistant and early maturing (101 days) wheat variety has average yield of 4.21 t/ha with yield potential of 6.31 t/ha under late sown Irrigated Conditions and showed superiority over checks (HD2932, Raj4083 and NIAW34). HD3090 being resistant to leaf and stem rust would help in disease management by minimizing the incidence of rust diseases. High protein content (13.3%), high (79.4 kg/hl) hectolitre weight and good grain appearance of this wheat would have better farmer acceptance. This being an early maturing,rust resistant varieties has promise for late sown Irrigated planting areas under various cropping systems in the peninsular zone and thus will contribute to increasing wheat production and contribute in alleviating the socio- economic status of farmers in this region.
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Efficacy of Different Herbicides in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under Irrigated Conditions of Punjab
Indian Journal of Weed science, 2008Co-Authors: G. S. Buttar, Navneet Aggarwal, S. S. SinghAbstract:A field experiment was conducted during the winter (rabi) seasons of 2003–04, 2004–05 and 2005–06 to assess the efficacy of pendimethalin, trifluralin and linuron in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) at Punjab Agricultural University Regional Station, Bathinda under Irrigated Conditions. All the herbicidal treatments reduced the dry matter of weeds significantly than weedy check. Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 0.75 kg/ha had minimum dry weight of weeds than other herbicidal treatments. Pendimethalin at 0.75 kg/ha was most effective in enhancing the yield attributes and resulted in maximum grain yield (1507 kg/ha). Amongst different weed control treatments, an application of pendimethalin at 0.75 kg/ha recorded the maximum net return (Rs. 11,149/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (1.43) followed by pendimethalin at 1.0 kg/ha.
Philippe Monneveux - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparison of yield based drought tolerance indices in improved varieties, genetic stocks and landraces of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Euphytica, 2013Co-Authors: Rolando Cabello, Philippe Monneveux, Felipe Mendiburu, Merideth BonierbaleAbstract:Drought strongly influences potato ( Solanum tuberosum ) production and quality. Potato being a drought susceptible crop, the development of varieties with enhanced tolerance to water stress could highly improve productivity in drought prone areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of several yield based indices to be used in large scale screening for drought tolerance. The experiment included improved varieties, genetic stocks and landraces potatoes grown under drought and Irrigated Conditions. A group of accessions with high yield under both Conditions was identified. Mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), tolerance (TOL), drought tolerance index (DTI), drought susceptible index (DSI) and yield stability index (YSI) were calculated from tuber yield under drought and Irrigated Conditions. The relationships between these indices and yield were analyzed. The Fleiss’ Kappa concordance test was used to analyze the correspondence between accessions previously identified as highly productive under both drought and Irrigated Conditions and accessions with optimal values for the different indices. MP, GMP and DTI allowed identifying genotypes combining high yield potential and high yield under drought within the three subsets of genotypes. Conversely, DSI, YSI and TOL showed low and variable concordance values across subsets, suggesting that their efficiency in screening genotypes highly depends on the nature of the tested genetic material.
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Effect of drought on leaf gas exchange, carbon isotope discrimination, transpiration efficiency and productivity in field grown durum wheat genotypes
Plant Science, 2006Co-Authors: Philippe Monneveux, Djamila Rekika, Admundo Acevedo, Othmane MerahAbstract:Under drought prone Conditions, wheat productivity is strongly related to photosynthetic activity and transpiration efficiency. In the present study, photosynthesis related traits were assessed at anthesis under rainfed and Irrigated Conditions on five durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) cultivars grown under Mediterranean Conditions. Carbon isotope discrimination was also evaluated in flag leaf at anthesis (ΔLa) and grain at maturity (ΔGm). Under rainfed Conditions, highly significant correlations were found between both ΔLa and ΔGm, and leaf CO2 exchange rate (CER), stomatal conductance (gs) and internal to ambient CO2 concentration ratio (Ci/Ca). ΔGm was correlated negatively with transpiration efficiency (measured as CER/gs) under rainfed Conditions, and positively under Irrigated Conditions. Under both Conditions, ΔGm was positively associated with grain yield. No significant correlation was observed between mesophyll conductance and CER. In contrast, the latter trait was positively related to gs under Irrigated Conditions suggesting that CER was driven by stomatal limitations. No correlation was found between ΔLa and grain yield. It is concluded that breeding for high ΔGm would lead, under Mediterranean drought Conditions, to higher stomatal conductance, lower transpiration efficiency and higher grain yield
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Carbon isotope discrimination, leaf ash content and grain yield in bread and durum wheat grown under full-Irrigated Conditions
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 2004Co-Authors: Philippe Monneveux, Matthew P. Reynolds, Richard Trethowan, J. Pena, Felipe ZapataAbstract:Integrative physiological criteria, such as carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) and (mineral) ash content (m a ) have been found to be very useful, under drought Conditions, to elucidate the association between yield gains and variation of photosynthesis-related traits and orientate future breeding efforts. Information on this association is scarce under Irrigated Conditions. The relationships between A, m a and yield were studied in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) under optimal (drip) irrigation in the arid Conditions of north-west Mexico. Carbon isotope discrimination was analysed on leaves at booting stage and anthesis and on grain at maturity, whereas ash content was measured on the flag leaf at anthesis and maturity. At anthesis, there were differences between bread and durum wheat during grain filling for A, but not for m a . No relationship was found between grain yield and A. Leaf ash content at anthesis and maturity showed a broad variability within each species and were associated with grain yield. These results suggest that ash content in leaves could be also used as predictive criteria for yield not only under drought, but also under Irrigated Conditions, particularly when evaporative demand is high.
Abdollah Najaphy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparison of photosynthetic components of wheat genotypes under rain-fed and Irrigated Conditions.
Photochemistry and photobiology, 2011Co-Authors: Nahid Niari Khamssi, Abdollah NajaphyAbstract:The major environmental factor limiting the range of adaptation for wheat is drought. Fourteen wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) were grown under two environments (Irrigated and rain fed) to determine physiological and photosynthetic responses to drought. Combined analysis of variance of the data showed that the environment was a significant source of variation for leaf chlorophyll content (LCC), stomatal conductance (g(s)) and grain yield (GY). Wheat genotypes differed significantly for LCC, g(s) and GY. All the measured traits under water-stress Conditions except maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (F(v)/F(m)) were lower than those under nonstress Conditions. Mean GY in rain-fed Conditions was 11.26% lower than that in Irrigated Conditions. The genotypes number 13 (Marvdasht) and 8 (M-81-13) exhibited the highest GY per unit area in both irrigation and rain-fed Conditions. It was concluded that the higher LCC and g(s) under drought-stress Conditions could possibly be the proper criteria for screening the drought-tolerant wheat genotypes under field Conditions.
Arron H Carter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluation of agronomic traits and spectral reflectance in pacific northwest winter wheat under rain fed and Irrigated Conditions
Field Crops Research, 2016Co-Authors: Shiferaw A Gizaw, Kimberly Garlandcampbell, Arron H CarterAbstract:Abstract The US Pacific Northwest (PNW) is characterized by high latitude and Mediterranean climate where wheat production is predominantly rain-fed and often subject to low soil moisture. As a result, selection for drought-adaptive traits in modern cultivars has been an integral component of the regional breeding programs. The goal of this research was to evaluate phenotypic associations of morpho-physiological traits and their response to soil moisture variation in winter wheat germplasm adapted to the PNW. A panel of 402 winter wheat accessions (87 hard and 315 soft) was evaluated for spectral reflectance indices (SRIs), canopy temperature (CT), plant stature, phenology, grain yield, and yield components under rain-fed and Irrigated Conditions in 2012–2014. Variation in soil moisture and temperature cumulatively explained 86% of total yield variation across years and locations. The phenotypic associations of yield with phenology, plant height, and CT were environment dependent. Various SRIs related to biomass, stay green, pigment composition, and hydration status showed consistent patterns of response to drought and strong correlations with yield (p
