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R C Srivastava - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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gravity fed drip Irrigation System for hilly terraces of the northwest himalayas
Irrigation Science, 2003Co-Authors: P R Bhatnagar, R C SrivastavaAbstract:Development of small tanks lined with low-density polyethylene film has provided Irrigation facilities on the upland areas of hills on a limited scale. To utilise the scarcely available water, a gravity drip Irrigation System was designed for the hilly terraces. The System had the capability to provide uniform emitter discharge throughout the command area spread on several terraces with varying elevations and irregular shapes. The design includes the estimation of the command area of the tank (runoff or low discharge spring-fed) using data on rainfall, evaporation and crop water requirement, and the hydraulics of the drip Irrigation System. A useful and more pertinent star configuration of microtube layout with one lateral line feeding four rows was devised which had some advantages over the traditional layouts in terms of achieving the desired discharge rate, better handling of the System, appropriate water delivery, adjustment in spatial head variation due to friction loss in pipes as well as field slopes, and economic factors. Pilot testing of the System showed that the System worked efficiently, with field emission uniformity above 90%. Although the design criteria were developed for the topographical and climatic conditions of the mid-hills of the north-west Himalayas, they can easily be adapted for other locations.
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methodology for optimizing design of integrated tank Irrigation System
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 1996Co-Authors: R C SrivastavaAbstract:Tank Irrigation has been in existence for centuries. However, optimization of the tank Irrigation System is of recent origin. Even this has been attempted in piecemeal, optimizing every segment/aspect of the Irrigation System individually. Thus, although each component may be optimal, the System as a whole may not be optimal. This paper presents a methodology to optimize the design of the tank Irrigation System by taking into account the constraints, objectives, options of the location, conveyance and application methods, crops and their Irrigation levels, productivity, demand of the population dependent upon that area in terms of amount of foodgrains, pulses, oilseeds, nutrients, and the availability of different inputs to achieve an optimal design of all components of the System.
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design of runoff recycling Irrigation System for rice cultivation
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering-asce, 1996Co-Authors: R C SrivastavaAbstract:Design of a runoff-recycling-based Irrigation System to provide Irrigation for rice in monsoon season is a complex problem. The Irrigation requirement, as well as the water availability in the form of runoff, vary both in amount and time. The design of an Irrigation System based on the Irrigation requirement obtained from short-period experiments may lead to faulty design. To overcome this, a simulation study of water balance of the cropped area as well as the tank has been done to determine the catchment command area ratio and size of the tank for a five year return period. It has been found that for transplanting within optimum period, the catchment command ratio should be 5.0 or more and a tank of storage capacity of 132.6 mm will be sufficient at a return period of five years for the U.P. midhills of India. It has also been found that a short-duration variety will be more suitable for such an Irrigation System.
J M B Parfitt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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wind drift and evaporation losses of a mechanical lateral move Irrigation System oscillating plate versus fixed spray plate sprinklers
Agricultural Water Management, 2019Co-Authors: Emanuele Baifus Manke, Bernardo Gomes Norenberg, Lessandro Coll Faria, J M Tarjuelo, Alberto Colombo, Maria Clotilde Carre Chagas Neta, J M B ParfittAbstract:Abstract The mechanical lateral-move Irrigation System has the capacity to achieve high Irrigation efficiency when handled properly; however, during Irrigation, wind drift and evaporation losses (WDEL) can occur that are caused by operational and meteorological factors. Thus, the objectives of this study were: to determine the WDEL of a mechanical lateral-move Irrigation System fully equipped with oscillating plate sprinklers (I-Wob) under different meteorological conditions; to evaluate the predictive capacity of eight published WDEL models that were compared with field data of the full length mechanical lateral-move Irrigation System; to develop a model for estimating the WDEL of a mechanical lateral-move Irrigation System equipped with an oscillating plate; and to compare the WDEL and Christiansen Uniformity coefficient for fixed-spray plate (Superspray) and I-Wob under field conditions. The study was conducted using 65 in-field tests that were divided into two groups; the first group of 35 in-field tests used a full-length lateral-move Irrigation System equipped with I-Wob sprinklers, and the second group consisted of 30 in-field tests that used only the span 2 (Superspray) and the span 4 I-Wob sprinklers. The WDEL for the full-length lateral-move Systems ranged from 4.4 to 25.2%, with an average of 11.6%. A Pearson’s correlation test found that wind speed was significant at a 5% significance level. The proposed model performed better than the eight published models. A comparison of the I-Wob and Superspray sprinklers installed in the mechanical lateral-move Irrigation Systems indicated that I-WOB performed better and had higher Christiansen’s Uniformity coefficient values and lower wind drift and evaporation losses.
Robert G Evans - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Compensating inherent linear move water application errors using a variable rate Irrigation System
Irrigation Science, 2010Co-Authors: José L. Chávez, F. J. Pierce, Robert G EvansAbstract:Continuous move Irrigation Systems such as linear move and center pivot irrigate unevenly when applying conventional uniform water rates due to the towers/motors stop/advance pattern. The effect of the gear drive/cart movement pattern on linear move water application is larger on the first two spans, which introduces errors on site-specific Irrigation. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to model the linear move Irrigation System cart movement and to develop an algorithm to compensate for unintended variable Irrigation (application errors). The cart advance/movement modeling considered terrain attributes, average nozzle travel speed, and high frequency DGPS (differential global positioning System) cart positioning readings. This paper describes the use of an Irrigation monitoring and control System, DGPS, GIS, and statistical analysis utilized in the modeling and compensation processes. The Irrigation monitoring and control System was composed of a single board computer, a relay board controller, DGPS, electric solenoid valves, wireless ethernet bridge units, high frequency spread spectrum radios, as well as in-line and in-field sensor networks. This technology allowed for continuous, real-time data acquisition and Irrigation System management through the internet. This study has shown that Irrigation application errors were reduced from over 20% to around 5%, in the subsequent Irrigation event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Junfeng Dai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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influence of water management on the water cycle in a small watershed Irrigation System based on a distributed hydrologic model
Agricultural Water Management, 2016Co-Authors: Junfeng Dai, Yuanlai Cui, Xueliang Cai, Larry C Brown, Yuhui ShangAbstract:Abstract Based on the hydrological characteristics of a rice-based Irrigation System in Southern China, the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model was modified in order to develop the Rice Irrigation System-Soil and Water Assessment Tool (RIS-SWAT). The Irrigation water movement, water balance module, and rice yield calculations of the paddy field were improved within the SWAT model. In addition, the seepage of the Irrigation canal and the pond’s effect on the Irrigation modules were added to the RIS-SWAT. The impact of water management on the water cycle of the small watershed Irrigation System (SWIS) was evaluated by conducting a scenario analysis with RIS-SWAT. The results indicated that an increase in the maximum water ponding depth of a paddy field could decrease Irrigation water and rainfall loss. The canal water supply was reduced by 20%, resulting in an increase in Irrigation water productivity without a reduction in the rice yield. The temporal and spatial distributions of the Irrigation water in different subbasins did not significantly affect the water cycle within the SWIS. Furthermore, when the canal water supply was reduced by 20–40% and the pond water supply was increased, the rice yield was not affected. Thus, the water productivity of Irrigation Systems could be improved through the implementation of water management policies and practices that reduce field outflows and reuse the return flows captured by ponds.
Soumitra Das - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an automatic Irrigation System using zigbee in wireless sensor network
International Conference on Pervasive Computing, 2015Co-Authors: Pravina B Chikankar, Deepak Mehetre, Soumitra DasAbstract:Wireless Sensing Technology is widely used everywhere in the current scientific world. As the technology is growing and changing rapidly, Wireless sensing Network (WSN) helps to upgrade the technology. In the research field of wireless sensor networks the power efficient time is a major issue. This problem can be overcome by using the ZigBee technology. The main idea of this is to understand how data travels through a wireless medium transmission using wireless sensor network and monitoring System. This paper design an Irrigation System which is automated by using controllable parameter such as temperature, soil moisture and air humidity because they are the important factors to be controlled in PA(Precision Agricultures).
