The Experts below are selected from a list of 2298 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ian D. Godwin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Total transcriptome, proteome, and allergome of Johnson Grass pollen, which is important for allergic rhinitis in subtropical regions
The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2014Co-Authors: Bradley C. Campbell, Edward K. Gilding, Victoria L. Timbrell, Preethi Guru, Dorothy Loo, Danila Zennaro, Adriano Mari, Graham O. Solley, Michelle M. Hill, Ian D. GodwinAbstract:Background Genomic data are lacking for many allergen sources. To circumvent this limitation, we implemented a strategy to reveal the repertoire of pollen allergens of a Grass with clinical importance in subtropical regions, where an increasing proportion of the world's population resides. Objective We sought to identify and immunologically characterize the allergenic components of the Panicoideae Johnson Grass pollen (JGP; Sorghum halepense ). Methods The total pollen transcriptome, proteome, and allergome of JGP were documented. Serum IgE reactivities with pollen and purified allergens were assessed in 64 patients with Grass pollen allergy from a subtropical region. Results Purified Sor h 1 and Sor h 13 were identified as clinically important allergen components of JGP with serum IgE reactivity in 49 (76%) and 28 (43.8%), respectively, of patients with Grass pollen allergy. Within whole JGP, multiple cDNA transcripts and peptide spectra belonging to Grass pollen allergen families 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, 12, 13, and 25 were identified. Pollen allergens restricted to subtropical Grasses (groups 22-24) were also present within the JGP transcriptome and proteome. Mass spectrometry confirmed the IgE-reactive components of JGP included isoforms of Sor h 1, Sor h 2, Sor h 13, and Sor h 23. Conclusion Our integrated molecular approach revealed qualitative differences between the allergenic components of JGP and temperate Grass pollens. Knowledge of these newly identified allergens has the potential to improve specific diagnosis and allergen immunotherapy treatment for patients with Grass pollen allergy in subtropical regions and reduce the burden of allergic respiratory disease globally.
Sudhanshu Vrati - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Immunogenicity of zona pellucida glycoprotein-3 and spermatozoa YLP12 peptides presented on Johnson Grass mosaic virus-like particles
Vaccine, 2009Co-Authors: Sangeeta Choudhury, Varsha Kakkar, Pankaj Suman, Kausiki Chakrabarti, Sudhanshu Vrati, Satish K. GuptaAbstract:For safer and effective immunocontraception, zona (ZP3) and spermatozoa specific (YLP 12 ) peptides have been presented on virus-like particles (VLPs) derived from Johnson Grass mosaic virus coat protein. Immunization of FvB/cJ female mice with VLPs presenting YLP 12 -ZP3 fusion peptide and a physical mixture of VLPs presenting either YLP 12 or ZP3 epitope led to generation of specific antibody responses and a significant reduction in litters born per mice (p < 0.005). Significant curtailment of fertility was also observed in animals immunized with adjuvnated ZP3 and YLP 12 synthetic peptides. These results suggest that VLPs can be used to present gamete epitopes for immunocontraception.
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A Japanese Encephalitis Virus Peptide Present on Johnson Grass Mosaic Virus-Like Particles Induces Virus-Neutralizing Antibodies and Protects Mice against Lethal Challenge
Journal of Virology, 2003Co-Authors: Manisha Saini, Sudhanshu VratiAbstract:Protection against Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is antibody dependent, and neutralizing antibodies alone are sufficient to impart protection. Thus, we are aiming to develop a peptide-based vaccine against JEV by identifying JEV peptide sequences that could induce virus-neutralizing antibodies. Previously, we have synthesized large amounts of Johnson Grass mosaic virus (JGMV) coat protein (CP) in Escherichia coli and have shown that it autoassembled to form virus-like particles (VLPs). The envelope (E) protein of JEV contains the virus-neutralization epitopes. Four peptides from different locations within JEV E protein were chosen, and these were fused to JGMV CP by recombinant DNA methods. The fusion protein autoassembled to form VLPs that could be purified by sucrose gradient centrifugation. Immunization of mice with the recombinant VLPs containing JEV peptide sequences induced anti-peptide and anti-JEV antibodies. A 27-amino-acid peptide containing amino acids 373 to 399 from JEV E protein, present on JGMV VLPs, induced virus-neutralizing antibodies. Importantly, these antibodies were obtained without the use of an adjuvant. The immunized mice showed significant protection against a lethal JEV challenge.
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High-level synthesis of Johnson Grass mosaic virus coat protein in Escherichia coli and its auto-assembly to form virus-like particles
Protein expression and purification, 2003Co-Authors: Manisha Saini, Sudhanshu VratiAbstract:The coat protein (CP) of Johnson Grass mosaic virus (JGMV) auto-assembles to form virus-like particles (VLPs) and hence could be useful for presenting small peptides to the immune system. We are therefore attempting to synthesize JGMV CP in large amounts in Escherichia coli. The JGMV CP-encoding DNA, cloned under the bacteriophage T7 promoter, showed only low levels of CP synthesis in E. coli. The predicted secondary structure of the CP mRNA showed that its translational initiation codon was part of a stable hairpin-loop structure. The initiation codon could be relieved of the hairpin-loop structure by substitution of three neighboring nucleotides. This resulted in a single amino acid change at the N-terminus of the protein. The modified RNA translated very efficiently, resulting in at least 16-fold higher CP accumulation in E. coli. The N-terminal amino acid substitution did not affect CP folding, as it auto-assembled in E. coli to form VLPs.
John W. Upham - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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subtropical Grass pollen allergens are important for allergic respiratory diseases in subtropical regions
Clinical and Translational Allergy, 2012Co-Authors: Janet M. Davies, Melissa Green, Michelle Towers, John W. Upham, Hongzhuo LiAbstract:Grass pollen allergens are a major cause of allergic respiratory disease but traditionally prescribing practice for Grass pollen allergen-specific immunotherapy has favoured pollen extracts of temperate Grasses. Here we aim to compare allergy to subtropical and temperate Grass pollens in patients with allergic rhinitis from a subtropical region of Australia. Sensitization to pollen extracts of the subtropical Bahia Grass (Paspalum notatum), Johnson Grass (Sorghum halepense) and Bermuda Grass (Cynodon dactylon) as well as the temperate RyeGrass (Lolium perenne) were measured by skin prick in 233 subjects from Brisbane. Grass pollen-specific IgE reactivity was tested by ELISA and cross-inhibition ELISA. Patients with Grass pollen allergy from a subtropical region showed higher skin prick diameters with subtropical Bahia Grass and Bermuda Grass pollens than with Johnson Grass and RyeGrass pollens. IgE reactivity was higher with pollen of Bahia Grass than Bermuda Grass, Johnson Grass and RyeGrass. Patients showed asymmetric cross-inhibition of IgE reactivity with subtropical Grass pollens that was not blocked by temperate Grass pollen allergens indicating the presence of species-specific IgE binding sites of subtropical Grass pollen allergens that are not represented in temperate Grass pollens. Subtropical Grass pollens are more important allergen sources than temperate Grass pollens for patients from a subtropical region. Targeting allergen-specific immunotherapy to subtropical Grass pollen allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in subtropical regions could improve treatment efficacy thereby reducing the burden of allergic rhinitis and asthma.
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Subtropical Grass pollen allergens are important for allergic respiratory diseases in subtropical regions
Clinical and Translational Allergy, 2012Co-Authors: Janet M. Davies, Melissa Green, Michelle Towers, John W. UphamAbstract:Background Grass pollen allergens are a major cause of allergic respiratory disease but traditionally prescribing practice for Grass pollen allergen-specific immunotherapy has favoured pollen extracts of temperate Grasses. Here we aim to compare allergy to subtropical and temperate Grass pollens in patients with allergic rhinitis from a subtropical region of Australia. Methods Sensitization to pollen extracts of the subtropical Bahia Grass ( Paspalum notatum ), Johnson Grass ( Sorghum halepense ) and Bermuda Grass ( Cynodon dactylon ) as well as the temperate RyeGrass ( Lolium perenne ) were measured by skin prick in 233 subjects from Brisbane. Grass pollen-specific IgE reactivity was tested by ELISA and cross-inhibition ELISA. Results Patients with Grass pollen allergy from a subtropical region showed higher skin prick diameters with subtropical Bahia Grass and Bermuda Grass pollens than with Johnson Grass and RyeGrass pollens. IgE reactivity was higher with pollen of Bahia Grass than Bermuda Grass, Johnson Grass and RyeGrass. Patients showed asymmetric cross-inhibition of IgE reactivity with subtropical Grass pollens that was not blocked by temperate Grass pollen allergens indicating the presence of species-specific IgE binding sites of subtropical Grass pollen allergens that are not represented in temperate Grass pollens. Conclusions Subtropical Grass pollens are more important allergen sources than temperate Grass pollens for patients from a subtropical region. Targeting allergen-specific immunotherapy to subtropical Grass pollen allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in subtropical regions could improve treatment efficacy thereby reducing the burden of allergic rhinitis and asthma.
Bradley C. Campbell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Total transcriptome, proteome, and allergome of Johnson Grass pollen, which is important for allergic rhinitis in subtropical regions
The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2014Co-Authors: Bradley C. Campbell, Edward K. Gilding, Victoria L. Timbrell, Preethi Guru, Dorothy Loo, Danila Zennaro, Adriano Mari, Graham O. Solley, Michelle M. Hill, Ian D. GodwinAbstract:Background Genomic data are lacking for many allergen sources. To circumvent this limitation, we implemented a strategy to reveal the repertoire of pollen allergens of a Grass with clinical importance in subtropical regions, where an increasing proportion of the world's population resides. Objective We sought to identify and immunologically characterize the allergenic components of the Panicoideae Johnson Grass pollen (JGP; Sorghum halepense ). Methods The total pollen transcriptome, proteome, and allergome of JGP were documented. Serum IgE reactivities with pollen and purified allergens were assessed in 64 patients with Grass pollen allergy from a subtropical region. Results Purified Sor h 1 and Sor h 13 were identified as clinically important allergen components of JGP with serum IgE reactivity in 49 (76%) and 28 (43.8%), respectively, of patients with Grass pollen allergy. Within whole JGP, multiple cDNA transcripts and peptide spectra belonging to Grass pollen allergen families 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, 12, 13, and 25 were identified. Pollen allergens restricted to subtropical Grasses (groups 22-24) were also present within the JGP transcriptome and proteome. Mass spectrometry confirmed the IgE-reactive components of JGP included isoforms of Sor h 1, Sor h 2, Sor h 13, and Sor h 23. Conclusion Our integrated molecular approach revealed qualitative differences between the allergenic components of JGP and temperate Grass pollens. Knowledge of these newly identified allergens has the potential to improve specific diagnosis and allergen immunotherapy treatment for patients with Grass pollen allergy in subtropical regions and reduce the burden of allergic respiratory disease globally.
Bernard A Franzmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Seasonal incidence of Stenodiplosis sorghicola (Coquillett) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and its parasitoids on Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. in south‐eastern Queensland, Australia
Australian Journal of Entomology, 2007Co-Authors: Richard Lloyd, Bernard A Franzmann, Myron P. ZaluckiAbstract:To quantify the role of Johnson Grass, Sorghum halepense, in the population dynamics of the sorghum midge, Stenodiplosis sorghicola, patterns of flowering of Johnson Grass and infestation by sorghum midge were studied in two different climatic environments in the Lockyer Valley and on the Darling Downs in south-eastern Queensland for 3 years. Parasitism levels of S. sorghicola were also recorded. In the Lockyer Valley, Johnson Grass panicles were produced throughout the year but on the Darling Downs none were produced between June and September. In both areas, most panicle production occurred between November and March and infestation by S. sorghicola was the greatest during this period. The parasitism levels were between 20% and 50%. After emergence from winter diapause, one to two generations of S. sorghicola developed on S. halepense before commercial grain sorghum crops were available for infestation. Parasitoids recorded were: Aprostocetus diplosidis, Eupelmus australiensis and two species of Tetrastichus. Relationships between sorghum midge population growth rate and various environmental and population variables were investigated. Population size had a significant negative effect (P < 0.0001) on population growth rate. Mortality due to parasitism showed a significant positive density response (P < 0.0001). Temperature, rainfall, open pan evaporation, degree-days and host availability showed no significant effect on population growth rate. Given the phenology of sorghum production in south-eastern Queensland, Johnson Grass provides an important bridging host, sustaining one to two generations of sorghum midge. Critical studies relating population change and build-up in sorghum to sorghum midge populations in Johnson Grass are yet to be performed.
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seasonal incidence of stenodiplosis sorghicola coquillett diptera cecidomyiidae and its parasitoids on sorghum halepense l pers in south eastern queensland australia
Australian Journal of Entomology, 2007Co-Authors: Richard Lloyd, Bernard A Franzmann, Myron P. ZaluckiAbstract:To quantify the role of Johnson Grass, Sorghum halepense, in the population dynamics of the sorghum midge, Stenodiplosis sorghicola, patterns of flowering of Johnson Grass and infestation by sorghum midge were studied in two different climatic environments in the Lockyer Valley and on the Darling Downs in south-eastern Queensland for 3 years. Parasitism levels of S. sorghicola were also recorded. In the Lockyer Valley, Johnson Grass panicles were produced throughout the year but on the Darling Downs none were produced between June and September. In both areas, most panicle production occurred between November and March and infestation by S. sorghicola was the greatest during this period. The parasitism levels were between 20% and 50%. After emergence from winter diapause, one to two generations of S. sorghicola developed on S. halepense before commercial grain sorghum crops were available for infestation. Parasitoids recorded were: Aprostocetus diplosidis, Eupelmus australiensis and two species of Tetrastichus. Relationships between sorghum midge population growth rate and various environmental and population variables were investigated. Population size had a significant negative effect (P < 0.0001) on population growth rate. Mortality due to parasitism showed a significant positive density response (P < 0.0001). Temperature, rainfall, open pan evaporation, degree-days and host availability showed no significant effect on population growth rate. Given the phenology of sorghum production in south-eastern Queensland, Johnson Grass provides an important bridging host, sustaining one to two generations of sorghum midge. Critical studies relating population change and build-up in sorghum to sorghum midge populations in Johnson Grass are yet to be performed.
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dna sequence variation in the its 1 rdna subunit and host relationships in sorghum midge stenodiplosis sorghicola coquillett diptera cecidomyiidae in australia
Australian Journal of Entomology, 2002Co-Authors: Bradley C Congdon, Bernard A Franzmann, Adam T HardyAbstract:Sequence variation in the internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1) ribosomal DNA subunit was examined for sorghum midge obtained from introduced and native hosts in south-eastern and central Queensland. No variation was observed relative to host plant or geographical distance for midges collected from two introduced hosts, grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and Johnson Grass (S. halepense); however, sequence differences were observed between midges from introduced and native hosts and among midges from a single native host, slender blueGrass (Dichanthium affine). No evidence was observed of introduced midges on native hosts, or vice versa. These results agree with previously hypothesised host distributions for native and introduced midges in Australia, and expand the sample of introduced hosts to include Johnson Grass. They suggest that Stenodiplosis sorghicola, the principal midge infesting grain sorghum, is also the most common species on Johnson Grass. This confirms that Johnson Grass plays a role in the population dynamics of S. sorghicola and suggests that midges originating from Johnson Grass may influence levels of infestation in grain sorghum.
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DNA sequence variation in the ITS‐1 rDNA subunit and host relationships in sorghum midge, Stenodiplosis sorghicola (Coquillett) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), in Australia
Australian Journal of Entomology, 2002Co-Authors: Bradley C Congdon, Kurniasih, Bernard A Franzmann, Adam T HardyAbstract:Sequence variation in the internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1) ribosomal DNA subunit was examined for sorghum midge obtained from introduced and native hosts in south-eastern and central Queensland. No variation was observed relative to host plant or geographical distance for midges collected from two introduced hosts, grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and Johnson Grass (S. halepense); however, sequence differences were observed between midges from introduced and native hosts and among midges from a single native host, slender blueGrass (Dichanthium affine). No evidence was observed of introduced midges on native hosts, or vice versa. These results agree with previously hypothesised host distributions for native and introduced midges in Australia, and expand the sample of introduced hosts to include Johnson Grass. They suggest that Stenodiplosis sorghicola, the principal midge infesting grain sorghum, is also the most common species on Johnson Grass. This confirms that Johnson Grass plays a role in the population dynamics of S. sorghicola and suggests that midges originating from Johnson Grass may influence levels of infestation in grain sorghum.
