The Experts below are selected from a list of 273 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Madan Mohan Sharma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • A review on Sterculia urens Roxb.: a boon to the livelihood for tribal people and industry
    Industrial Crops and Products, 2019
    Co-Authors: Mamta Dhiman, Abhijeet Singh, Madan Mohan Sharma
    Abstract:

    Abstract Sterculia urens Roxb., has been vastly used in pharma, health care, food, cosmetics, waste management, paper-textile, composite fiber, and leather industries, for a long period of time. Gum exudate of this tree is of high market value, therefore, in the name of its exudate, plant is commonly known as ‘Karaya Gum’ tree. Polymers of Karaya Gum are ideal choice over synthetic ones because of its natural availability, cost effectiveness, non-hazardous nature, easy recovery, and physicochemical properties. Moreover, the tree is widely used in tribal populations for its indigenous remedies against various ailments like oligospermia, leucorrhoea, constipation, body swelling, throat infection, wound healing, etc. Biochemical analysis authenticates photophysical, photochemical as well as pharmacological uses, and validates ethnobotanical applications by tribal communities up to some extent. The main purpose of this review is to highlight the potential of Sterculia urens, based on its ethnobotanical uses, industrial potential and perspectives of conservation and sustainable management. A comprehensive survey of literature was done to further explore various growth constraints, conservation strategies, and wide industrial applications. Sterculia urens has embraced significant values in international trade market due to its exceptional properties. Also the presence of diverse bioactive compounds has made this plant of interest for scientific research. Owing to the wide range of commercial applications and lack of knowledge regarding the scientific Gum tapping methods, the plant has been exploited extensively for its highly valued products, while the propagation in natural habitat has been declining over the past few years. Excessive consumption of Karaya Gum has resulted in critically low abundance and thus this plant is now considered as endangered plant species in some states of India. Keeping in view its endangered status, conservation, and mass scale production through biotechnological approaches are fruitful towards maintaining its biological abundance.

Guy Muller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Mechanical spectroscopy of Karaya Gum—alginate mixed dispersions
    Carbohydrate Polymers, 1994
    Co-Authors: D. Le Cerf, Guy Muller
    Abstract:

    Abstract The rheological properties of blends obtained by mixing alginate and Karaya Gum dispersions were described from oscillation, shear and creep experiments using a controlled stress rheometer. The mechanical spectra shown by such mixtures were strongly modified when compared with those of each of the blend components. It was found that the viscoelastic behaviour of mixtures was strongly affected by the age of the Karaya Gum. Contrary to that which is observed with fresh Karaya Gum, maximum synergy was observed with a mixture containing 75% aged Karaya Gum. It is suggested that mutual incompatibility between the two polysaccharides could explain the formation of a mixed network.

  • The effect of gamma irradiation on the water-swelling properties of Karaya Gum
    Food Hydrocolloids, 1991
    Co-Authors: D. Le Cerf, F. Irinei, Guy Muller
    Abstract:

    The microbiological contamination of Karaya Gum from Sterculia urens and S.setigera, which originates from the mode of storage and handling, can be reduced to a very low acceptable level by radiosterilization of powdered samples. The loss of swelling properties of dispersions from irradiated samples is thought to be the consequence of a change in quaternary structure.

Michael J. Hageman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Utility of gastric-retained alginate gels to modulate pharmacokinetic profiles in rats.
    Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2013
    Co-Authors: Kimberly A. Foster, R. Marcus Fancher, Olafur S. Gudmundsson, Huadong Sun, Mirek Proszynski, George Dixon, Kenneth Ford, Georgia Cornelius, Michael J. Hageman
    Abstract:

    A gastric-retentive formulation amenable to dosing in rodents has the potential to enable sustained release in a preclinical setting. This may be useful to provide systemic exposure over a longer duration or to increase duration of exposure for compounds with targets localized in the gastrointestinal tract. Previous work has shown that a mixture of 1% sodium alginate and 0.625% Karaya Gum in the presence of a calcium chelator can form gels in situ that are gastric retained in rats. The aim of this work was to define the physicochemical boundaries of compounds within this technology and their relation to in vivo release using a series of model compounds with high permeability but varying solubility. In vitro data demonstrated a good correlation between solubility and initial release rates from the gels. In vivo studies were conducted in Sprague–Dawley rats to compare the exposure profile of compounds dosed in gel relative to a standard formulation. In vivo data were consistent with trends from the in vitro studies. These data suggest that, in conjunction with an understanding of compound solubility, sodium alginate/Karaya Gum gels may be a useful tool to modulate exposure profiles in rodent models in a preclinical setting.

  • utility of in situ sodium alginate Karaya Gum gels to facilitate gastric retention in rodents
    International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2012
    Co-Authors: Kimberly A. Foster, Michael Morgen, Ian Yates, Jon Ehrmann, Olafur S. Gudmundsson, Brice Murri, Marcus R Fancher, Michael J. Hageman
    Abstract:

    Abstract Target validation or demonstration of efficacy requires adequate in vivo exposure of tool molecules to determine their activity in order to validate the model or show the potential usefulness of the pharmacophore. Early discovery work is often carried out with compounds which possess undesirable PK properties in small rodents where the discovery formulation scientist is often forced to dose 2–4 times per day. Gastric retentive formulations in small rodents (rats/mice) could enable increased duration of exposure for compounds with narrow absorption windows or increased residence time for compounds with targets located in the GI tract. The aim of this work is to establish an easily administered gastric retentive gel for rodents in situ using a mixture of sodium alginate and Karaya Gum. Feasibility studies were conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats using barium sulfate as a radio-opaque tracer. The results show that gastric retention of barium was achieved for rats dosed with the gel formulation relative to a barium suspension. The gastric residence time of the gel varied from 1 h to >8 h ( n  = 3). The data suggest that sodium alginate/Karaya Gum gels may be a useful tool to achieve gastric retention in rodent studies.

  • Utility of in situ sodium alginate/Karaya Gum gels to facilitate gastric retention in rodents
    International journal of pharmaceutics, 2012
    Co-Authors: Kimberly A. Foster, Michael Morgen, Brice George Murri, Ian Yates, R. Marcus Fancher, Jon Ehrmann, Olafur S. Gudmundsson, Michael J. Hageman
    Abstract:

    Abstract Target validation or demonstration of efficacy requires adequate in vivo exposure of tool molecules to determine their activity in order to validate the model or show the potential usefulness of the pharmacophore. Early discovery work is often carried out with compounds which possess undesirable PK properties in small rodents where the discovery formulation scientist is often forced to dose 2–4 times per day. Gastric retentive formulations in small rodents (rats/mice) could enable increased duration of exposure for compounds with narrow absorption windows or increased residence time for compounds with targets located in the GI tract. The aim of this work is to establish an easily administered gastric retentive gel for rodents in situ using a mixture of sodium alginate and Karaya Gum. Feasibility studies were conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats using barium sulfate as a radio-opaque tracer. The results show that gastric retention of barium was achieved for rats dosed with the gel formulation relative to a barium suspension. The gastric residence time of the gel varied from 1 h to >8 h ( n  = 3). The data suggest that sodium alginate/Karaya Gum gels may be a useful tool to achieve gastric retention in rodent studies.

Mamta Dhiman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • A review on Sterculia urens Roxb.: a boon to the livelihood for tribal people and industry
    Industrial Crops and Products, 2019
    Co-Authors: Mamta Dhiman, Abhijeet Singh, Madan Mohan Sharma
    Abstract:

    Abstract Sterculia urens Roxb., has been vastly used in pharma, health care, food, cosmetics, waste management, paper-textile, composite fiber, and leather industries, for a long period of time. Gum exudate of this tree is of high market value, therefore, in the name of its exudate, plant is commonly known as ‘Karaya Gum’ tree. Polymers of Karaya Gum are ideal choice over synthetic ones because of its natural availability, cost effectiveness, non-hazardous nature, easy recovery, and physicochemical properties. Moreover, the tree is widely used in tribal populations for its indigenous remedies against various ailments like oligospermia, leucorrhoea, constipation, body swelling, throat infection, wound healing, etc. Biochemical analysis authenticates photophysical, photochemical as well as pharmacological uses, and validates ethnobotanical applications by tribal communities up to some extent. The main purpose of this review is to highlight the potential of Sterculia urens, based on its ethnobotanical uses, industrial potential and perspectives of conservation and sustainable management. A comprehensive survey of literature was done to further explore various growth constraints, conservation strategies, and wide industrial applications. Sterculia urens has embraced significant values in international trade market due to its exceptional properties. Also the presence of diverse bioactive compounds has made this plant of interest for scientific research. Owing to the wide range of commercial applications and lack of knowledge regarding the scientific Gum tapping methods, the plant has been exploited extensively for its highly valued products, while the propagation in natural habitat has been declining over the past few years. Excessive consumption of Karaya Gum has resulted in critically low abundance and thus this plant is now considered as endangered plant species in some states of India. Keeping in view its endangered status, conservation, and mass scale production through biotechnological approaches are fruitful towards maintaining its biological abundance.

D. Le Cerf - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Mechanical spectroscopy of Karaya Gum—alginate mixed dispersions
    Carbohydrate Polymers, 1994
    Co-Authors: D. Le Cerf, Guy Muller
    Abstract:

    Abstract The rheological properties of blends obtained by mixing alginate and Karaya Gum dispersions were described from oscillation, shear and creep experiments using a controlled stress rheometer. The mechanical spectra shown by such mixtures were strongly modified when compared with those of each of the blend components. It was found that the viscoelastic behaviour of mixtures was strongly affected by the age of the Karaya Gum. Contrary to that which is observed with fresh Karaya Gum, maximum synergy was observed with a mixture containing 75% aged Karaya Gum. It is suggested that mutual incompatibility between the two polysaccharides could explain the formation of a mixed network.

  • The effect of gamma irradiation on the water-swelling properties of Karaya Gum
    Food Hydrocolloids, 1991
    Co-Authors: D. Le Cerf, F. Irinei, Guy Muller
    Abstract:

    The microbiological contamination of Karaya Gum from Sterculia urens and S.setigera, which originates from the mode of storage and handling, can be reduced to a very low acceptable level by radiosterilization of powdered samples. The loss of swelling properties of dispersions from irradiated samples is thought to be the consequence of a change in quaternary structure.