The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Peter Nijkamp - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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space and Knowledge spillovers in european regions the impact of different forms of proximity on spatial Knowledge Diffusion
Journal of Economic Geography, 2016Co-Authors: Andrea Caragliu, Peter NijkampAbstract:Usually, Knowledge spillovers (KS) are related to geographic proximity. In the present study, we measure KS on the basis of different proximity matrices, focusing on the relational, social, cognitive and technological preconditions for Knowledge Diffusion. In the light of previous studies on KS, we examine: (i) which types of proximity enhance or hamper Knowledge flows, and (ii) whether local absorptive capacity favour such flows. Our results indicate that KS across European NUTS2 regions measured through geographic, relational, social, cognitive and technological proximity channels increase with local absorptive capacity. This finding points towards the emergence of large clusters of regions (absorptive capacity clubs) where relational, cognitive, social and technological proximity lock-in maximizes the returns to local investment in R&D.
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space and Knowledge spillovers in european regions the impact of different forms of proximity on spatial Knowledge Diffusion
Social Science Research Network, 2013Co-Authors: Andrea Caragliu, Peter NijkampAbstract:Usually, the Diffusion of a non-rival market Knowledge externality – called a Knowledge Spillover (KS) – is related to geographical proximity. In this paper we explore the channels through which Knowledge spreads. Compared with earlier work on KS measures, this study makes a step forward by calculating KS (as a balance of positive and negative absolute Knowledge flows) on the basis of different proximity matrices. In particular, we focus on the relational, social, technological, and cognitive channel, along with the traditional geographical channel. In the light of previous studies on KS, we examine: (i) which types of proximity enhance or hamper the outward flow of Knowledge; and (ii) whether the local endowment of absorptive capacity reduces such a flow. Our results show that KSs vary across alternative definitions of proximity. The parameter estimates of such a KS model show interesting patterns, with geographical and cognitive proximity having the highest explanatory power among all the types of proximity considered. Local absorptive capacity is found to be negative only when a region is surrounded by regions with similarly high levels of absorptive capacity. Furthermore, outward KSs decrease as geographical, relational, social, technological and cognitive distance increase. This points to the emergence or existence of large clusters of regions (‘absorptive capacity clubs’), where relational, social, technological and cognitive proximity lock-in maximizes the returns to local investment in R&D.
Andrea Caragliu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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space and Knowledge spillovers in european regions the impact of different forms of proximity on spatial Knowledge Diffusion
Journal of Economic Geography, 2016Co-Authors: Andrea Caragliu, Peter NijkampAbstract:Usually, Knowledge spillovers (KS) are related to geographic proximity. In the present study, we measure KS on the basis of different proximity matrices, focusing on the relational, social, cognitive and technological preconditions for Knowledge Diffusion. In the light of previous studies on KS, we examine: (i) which types of proximity enhance or hamper Knowledge flows, and (ii) whether local absorptive capacity favour such flows. Our results indicate that KS across European NUTS2 regions measured through geographic, relational, social, cognitive and technological proximity channels increase with local absorptive capacity. This finding points towards the emergence of large clusters of regions (absorptive capacity clubs) where relational, cognitive, social and technological proximity lock-in maximizes the returns to local investment in R&D.
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space and Knowledge spillovers in european regions the impact of different forms of proximity on spatial Knowledge Diffusion
Social Science Research Network, 2013Co-Authors: Andrea Caragliu, Peter NijkampAbstract:Usually, the Diffusion of a non-rival market Knowledge externality – called a Knowledge Spillover (KS) – is related to geographical proximity. In this paper we explore the channels through which Knowledge spreads. Compared with earlier work on KS measures, this study makes a step forward by calculating KS (as a balance of positive and negative absolute Knowledge flows) on the basis of different proximity matrices. In particular, we focus on the relational, social, technological, and cognitive channel, along with the traditional geographical channel. In the light of previous studies on KS, we examine: (i) which types of proximity enhance or hamper the outward flow of Knowledge; and (ii) whether the local endowment of absorptive capacity reduces such a flow. Our results show that KSs vary across alternative definitions of proximity. The parameter estimates of such a KS model show interesting patterns, with geographical and cognitive proximity having the highest explanatory power among all the types of proximity considered. Local absorptive capacity is found to be negative only when a region is surrounded by regions with similarly high levels of absorptive capacity. Furthermore, outward KSs decrease as geographical, relational, social, technological and cognitive distance increase. This points to the emergence or existence of large clusters of regions (‘absorptive capacity clubs’), where relational, social, technological and cognitive proximity lock-in maximizes the returns to local investment in R&D.
Hiroyasu Inoue - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the strength of long ties and the weakness of strong ties Knowledge Diffusion through supply chain networks
Research Policy, 2016Co-Authors: Yasuyuki Todo, Petr Matous, Hiroyasu InoueAbstract:Abstract Using a large firm-level panel dataset for Japan, this paper examines the effects of the structure of supply chain networks on productivity and innovation capability through Knowledge Diffusion. We find that ties with distant suppliers improve productivity (as measured by sales per worker) more than ties with neighboring suppliers, which is likely because distant firms’ intermediates embody more diversified Knowledge than those from neighboring firms. Ties with neighboring clients improve productivity more than ties with distant clients, which is likely because neighboring clients more effectively diffuse disembodied Knowledge than distant clients. By contrast, ties with distant suppliers and clients improve innovative capability (as measured by the number of registered patents), whereas ties with neighboring suppliers or clients do not affect innovative capability. In addition, the density of a firm's ego network (as measured by how densely its supply chain partners transact with one another) has a negative effect on productivity and innovative capability, implying Knowledge redundancy in dense networks. These results suggest that access to diversified ties is important for improving productivity and innovation capability through Knowledge Diffusion.
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the strength of long ties and the weakness of strong ties Knowledge Diffusion through supply chain networks
Research Papers in Economics, 2015Co-Authors: Yasuyuki Todo, Petr Matous, Hiroyasu InoueAbstract:This paper examines the effect of the structure of supply chain networks on productivity and innovation capability through Knowledge Diffusion, using large firm-level panel data for Japan. We find that ties with distant suppliers improve productivity, as measured by sales per worker, possibly attributed to intermediates from distant firms embodying more diversified Knowledge than from neighboring firms. Ties with neighboring clients also improve productivity, which may be a result of Diffusion of disembodied Knowledge from neighboring clients being more effective than from distant clients. By contrast, ties with distant suppliers and clients improve innovative capability, as measured by the number of patent applications, suggesting the importance of a diversity of Knowledge from distant firms for innovation. In addition, the density of a firm's ego network, which is measured by how densely its supply chain partners transact with each other, is found to have a negative effect on productivity and innovative capability, implying Knowledge redundancy in dense networks. Overall, our results emphasize the importance of diversified partners in Knowledge Diffusion through supply chain networks.
Nadine Massard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Knowledge Diffusion and innovation policies within the european regions challenges based on recent empirical evidence
Research Policy, 2013Co-Authors: Corinne Autantbernard, Nadine Massard, Muriel FadairoAbstract:This article builds upon empirical results concerning localised Knowledge spillovers to highlight some policy implications within European regions. The analysis emphasises the role of regional innovation policies in supporting the institutions that generate Knowledge and learning. However, the variety of regional features presented in the empirical literature suggests that the search for universal policy tools is unrealistic. From this perspective, we argue that original strategies must be generated to cope with the various dilemmas faced by regional innovation policies. Such specific strategies require accurate Knowledge of local features. Improving data and indicators to diagnose and monitor regional innovation is therefore presented as a key issue for policy makers
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Knowledge Diffusion and innovation policies within the european regions challenges based on recent empirical evidence
Research Papers in Economics, 2010Co-Authors: Corinne Autantbernard, Nadine Massard, Muriel FadairoAbstract:This article builds upon the empirical results concerning localised Knowledge spillovers in order to highlight some policy implications within the European regions. The analysis emphasises the role of the regional innovationpolicies as supporting the institutions which generate Knowledge and learning. However, it appears that the search for universal policy tools is unrealistic. The empirical literature stresses indeed a variety of regional features. In this perspective, we argue that original strategies have to be built in order to cope with the various dilemmas faced by regional innovationpolicies, concerning in particular the best way to enhance and exploit public/private, intra/inter-firms, intra/inter-industries and local/global Knowledge flows. Such specific strategies require having an accurate Knowledge on the local features and on the comparative positioning of the concerned region compared to others. Improving data and indicators to diagnose and monitor regional innovation is therefore presented as a key issue for the policy makers.
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spatial Knowledge Diffusion through collaborative networks
Papers in Regional Science, 2007Co-Authors: Corinne Autantbernard, Jacques Mairesse, Nadine MassardAbstract:The theory of endogenous growth and the geography and growth synthesis both consider that local growth and spatial concentration of economic activities emanate from localised Knowledge spillovers (Lucas 1988; Martin and Ottaviano 1999). Since the end of the 1980's, the spatial dimension of Knowledge Diffusion has been investigated from an empirical point of view, and the existence and role of local spillovers has been generally confirmed (see among others Jaffe 1989; Audretsch and Feldman 1996). The concern that now arises is to unravel the mechanisms underlying and explaining the geographical Knowledge spillovers. The aim of this special issue is to present the latest new findings on such questions and to identify some new lines of research for future work. Before presenting the content of this special issue, we very briefly review the main results of the empirical literature on the geography of innovation. We also explain the context of this special issue by pointing out some of the limitations faced by this literature and, by stressing the complex dynamic and network dimensions of the observed processes of production and Diffusion of Knowledge.
Yasuyuki Todo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the strength of long ties and the weakness of strong ties Knowledge Diffusion through supply chain networks
Research Policy, 2016Co-Authors: Yasuyuki Todo, Petr Matous, Hiroyasu InoueAbstract:Abstract Using a large firm-level panel dataset for Japan, this paper examines the effects of the structure of supply chain networks on productivity and innovation capability through Knowledge Diffusion. We find that ties with distant suppliers improve productivity (as measured by sales per worker) more than ties with neighboring suppliers, which is likely because distant firms’ intermediates embody more diversified Knowledge than those from neighboring firms. Ties with neighboring clients improve productivity more than ties with distant clients, which is likely because neighboring clients more effectively diffuse disembodied Knowledge than distant clients. By contrast, ties with distant suppliers and clients improve innovative capability (as measured by the number of registered patents), whereas ties with neighboring suppliers or clients do not affect innovative capability. In addition, the density of a firm's ego network (as measured by how densely its supply chain partners transact with one another) has a negative effect on productivity and innovative capability, implying Knowledge redundancy in dense networks. These results suggest that access to diversified ties is important for improving productivity and innovation capability through Knowledge Diffusion.
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the strength of long ties and the weakness of strong ties Knowledge Diffusion through supply chain networks
Research Papers in Economics, 2015Co-Authors: Yasuyuki Todo, Petr Matous, Hiroyasu InoueAbstract:This paper examines the effect of the structure of supply chain networks on productivity and innovation capability through Knowledge Diffusion, using large firm-level panel data for Japan. We find that ties with distant suppliers improve productivity, as measured by sales per worker, possibly attributed to intermediates from distant firms embodying more diversified Knowledge than from neighboring firms. Ties with neighboring clients also improve productivity, which may be a result of Diffusion of disembodied Knowledge from neighboring clients being more effective than from distant clients. By contrast, ties with distant suppliers and clients improve innovative capability, as measured by the number of patent applications, suggesting the importance of a diversity of Knowledge from distant firms for innovation. In addition, the density of a firm's ego network, which is measured by how densely its supply chain partners transact with each other, is found to have a negative effect on productivity and innovative capability, implying Knowledge redundancy in dense networks. Overall, our results emphasize the importance of diversified partners in Knowledge Diffusion through supply chain networks.
