The Experts below are selected from a list of 321 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bruce E. Kaufman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the theoretical foundation of industrial relations and its implications for Labor Economics and human resource management
Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 2010Co-Authors: Bruce E. KaufmanAbstract:The author identifies the core principle that forms the theoretical and policy foundation for the field of industrial relations—Labor is embodied in human beings and is not a commodity—and argues that the field's two central dependent variables are Labor problems and the employment relationship. Next, he uses this core principle, along with complementary ideas from institutional Economics, to develop a theoretical framework that not only explains the nature of the employment relationship and Labor problems but also reveals shortcomings in related theories from Labor Economics and human resource management. Finally, this framework is used to derive the “fundamental theorem†of industrial relations, demonstrate that optimal economic performance occurs in a mixed economy of imperfect Labor markets and organizations, and show that a certain amount of Labor protectionism promotes economic efficiency and human welfare.
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Jacob Mincer's Contribution to Modern Labor Economics: A Review Essay
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2008Co-Authors: Bruce E. KaufmanAbstract:One of the key figures in the development of modern Labor Economics is Jacob Mincer (1922-2006). His contributions have recently been highlighted and assessed in two books. The most in-depth and substantive of these volumes is by Portuguese economist Pedro Teixeira, entitled Jacob Mincer: A Founding Father of Modern Labor Economics (2007). Also valuable and well done is an edited volume by Shoshana Grossbard, Jacob Mincer: A Pioneer of Modern Labor Economics (2006). It is composed of a number of short remembrances by Mincer's colleagues and students, an oral history interview with Mincer by Teixeira, several larger review chapters on important parts of Mincer's research program, and several speeches and short articles by Mincer.In this review essay I provide a brief summary and evaluation of Mincer's research contributions and place in the history of thought in Labor Economics, drawing largely on these two books but with some of my own observations and perspectives interspersed.
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expanding the behavioral foundations of Labor Economics
Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 1999Co-Authors: Bruce E. KaufmanAbstract:The author examines, critiques, and suggests modifications to the psychological assumptions of the rational choice model of the human agent that underlies much of the theoretical work in modern, neoclassical Labor Economics. He analyzes the rational choice model in terms of three psychological constructs-motivation, cognition, and emotion-in the context of a five-step model of the human behavioral process. Examples from the empirical and theoretical Labor Economics literature illustrate both problems with the current theory and new or improved insights and predictions that can be gained by incorporating additional psychological theories and concepts in economic analysis. The author concludes that although the rational choice model is a powerful and productive conceptual device, in many cases it cannot adequately explain behavior in the world of work, and Labor economic theory would be improved by a more interdisciplinary approach that integrates conceptual and empirical research from the behavioral sciences. (Abstract courtesy JSTOR.)
Klaus F Zimmermann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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editorial iza journal of Labor Economics
IZA Journal of Labor Economics, 2012Co-Authors: Pierre Cahuc, Joseph V Hotz, Anne Gielen, Klaus F ZimmermannAbstract:The editors, Pierre Cahuc and V. Joseph Hotz, are pleased to present the IZA Journal of Labor Economics (IZAJOLE), a new online journal that covers research in all areas of Labor Economics. Labor Economics is an ever-expanding field ever expanding into new domains. This Journal provides a venue not only for such traditional Labor economic topics as Labor supply and demand, discrimination, and earnings and inequality, but also for topics that have attracted more and more of the attention of the field. These include allocation of time and human well-being, the economic role of non-cognitive skills, and the economic impact of various aspects of health on market and non-market activities. By publishing research on these and other topics, the IZA Journal of Labor Economics seeks to further our understanding of these varied and complex issues and to be a major source of information to the scientific and broader communities about the latest developments in this important field within Economics.
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comparing the early research performance of phd graduates in Labor Economics in europe and the usa
Scientometrics, 2010Co-Authors: Klaus F Zimmermann, Ana Rute Cardoso, Paulo GuimaraesAbstract:This paper analyzes the early research performance of PhD graduates in Labor Economics, addressing the following questions: Are there major productivity differences between graduates from American and European institutions? If so, how relevant is the quality of the training received (i.e. ranking of institution and supervisor) and the research environment in the subsequent job placement institution? The population under study consists of Labor Economics PhD graduates who received their degree in the years 2000 to 2005 in Europe or the USA. Research productivity is evaluated alternatively as the number of publications or the quality-adjusted number of publications of an individual. When restricting the analysis to the number of publications, results suggest a higher productivity by graduates from European universities than from USA universities, but this difference vanishes when accounting for the quality of the publication. The results also indicate that graduates placed at American institutions, in particular top ones, are likely to publish more quality-adjusted articles than their European counterparts. This may be because, when hired, they already have several good acceptances or because of more focused research efforts and clearer career incentives.
Daniel S Hamermesh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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replication in Labor Economics evidence from data and what it suggests
The American Economic Review, 2017Co-Authors: Daniel S HamermeshAbstract:Examining the most heavily-cited publications in Labor Economics from the early 1990s, I show that few of over 3000 articles citing them directly replicates them. They are replicated more frequently using data from other time periods and economies, so that the validity of their central ideas has typically been verified. This pattern of scholarship suggests, beyond the currently required depositing of data and code upon publication, that there is little need for formal mechanisms for replication. The market for scholarship already produces replications of non-Laboratory applied research.
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international Labor Economics
Journal of Labor Economics, 2002Co-Authors: Daniel S HamermeshAbstract:I argue for increased reliance on non-U.S. data and policy evaluations to understand basic Labor- market parameters and to predict the effects of changes in U.S. Labor-market policies. Foreign experiences generate exogenous shocks to Labor costs that create unusual opportunities to measure impacts on Labor demand. Foreign policies often provide more variation in the underlying parameters in systems that are often structured like their American counterparts. Foreign data sets are often larger and better suited to inferring behavior. An examination of empirical studies in Labor Economics shows the effect of the location of the author, data set and journal on the subsequent impact of the research on other scholars.
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leeping into the future of Labor Economics the research potential of linking employer and employee data
Labour Economics, 1999Co-Authors: Daniel S HamermeshAbstract:Abstract Linked employer–employee (LEE) data sets are a new and increasingly available tool for research in Labor Economics. This study indicates a variety of areas in which this tool might be useful and offers a large number of research questions that can be studied with LEE data. Any area where we believe that outcomes are generated by interactions of employers and workers can be profitably analyzed using such data. The answers generated by these studies can enhance our understanding of nearly every Labor-market policy.
Lydia B. Chilton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Labor Economics of paid crowdsourcing
Electronic Commerce, 2010Co-Authors: John Joseph Horton, Lydia B. ChiltonAbstract:We present a model of workers supplying Labor to paid crowdsourcing projects. We also introduce a novel method for estimating a worker's reservation wage - the key parameter in our Labor supply model. We tested our model by presenting experimental subjects with real-effort work scenarios that varied in the offered payment and difficulty. As predicted, subjects worked less when the pay was lower. However, they did not work less when the task was more time-consuming. Interestingly, at least some subjects appear to be "target earners," contrary to the assumptions of the rational model. The strongest evidence for target earning is an observed preference for earning total amounts evenly divisible by 5, presumably because these amounts make good targets. Despite its predictive failures, we calibrate our model with data pooled from both experiments. We find that the reservation wages of our sample are approximately log normally distributed, with a median wage of $1.38/hour. We discuss how to use our calibrated model in applications.
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The Labor Economics of paid crowdsourcing
Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Electronic Commerce, 2010Co-Authors: John Joseph Horton, Lydia B. ChiltonAbstract:Crowdsourcing is a form of "peer production" in which work traditionally performed by an employee is outsourced to an "undefined, generally large group of people in the form of an open call." We present a model of workers supplying Labor to paid crowdsourcing projects. We also introduce a novel method for estimating a worker's reservation wage--the smallest wage a worker is willing to accept for a task and the key parameter in our Labor supply model. It shows that the reservation wages of a sample of workers from Amazon's Mechanical Turk (AMT) are approximately log normally distributed, with a median wage of $1.38/hour. At the median wage, the point elasticity of extensive Labor supply is 0.43. We discuss how to use our calibrated model to make predictions in applied work. Two experimental tests of the model show that many workers respond rationally to offered incentives. However, a non-trivial fraction of subjects appear to set earnings targets. These "target earners" consider not just the offered wage--which is what the rational model predicts--but also their proximity to earnings goals. Interestingly, a number of workers clearly prefer earning total amounts evenly divisible by 5, presumably because these amounts make good targets.
Sherwin Rosen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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distinguished fellow mincering Labor Economics
Journal of Economic Perspectives, 1992Co-Authors: Sherwin RosenAbstract:Jacob Mincer has helped set the research agenda and professional style in Labor Economics for over 30 years. His research helped uncover the empirical content of human capital theory, where he used those ideas to study the determinants of earnings and the sources and nature of earnings inequality. He was also a pioneer in studying Labor force participation decisions of married women. For the past decade, Jacob has set his characteristic stamp on the empirical study of job mobility. The following brief survey is meant to convey some of the flavor of Jacob Mincer's work and why it has been so influential in Labor Economics.
