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Elif Bulut - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Labor Force Participation of Arab women in the United States
Women's Studies International Forum, 2016Co-Authors: Elif BulutAbstract:Synopsis The primary objective of this study is to extend conventional explanations of female Labor Force Participation to examine the case of Arab women in the United States. With above-average levels of education, Arab women provide a good opportunity to empirically analyze conventional explanations for women's economic activity. Using data from 2008 to 2012 American Community Survey, we test the applicability of these explanations for Arab women by assessing the impact of human capital variables as well as family conditions and immigrant status in predicting Labor Force Participation. Our analysis focuses on two questions: to what extent do existing theories explain differences in Labor Force Participation within Arab women by nativity status, and to what degree do they explain differences from US-born White women? Our study found that Arab women rank the lowest in Labor Force Participation relative to other women in the United States. With regard to the mechanisms responsible for this relationship, some of the findings that emerge from this study are consistent with the conventional explanations while some provide insight into the importance of family conditions and foreign-born status for Arab women's Labor Force Participation.
Maria C. Correia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Precarious Drop: Reassessing Patterns of Female Labor Force Participation in India - Precarious drop : reassessing patterns of female Labor Force Participation in India
Policy Research Working Papers, 2017Co-Authors: Luis Alberto Andres, Basab Dasgupta, George Joseph, Vinoj Abraham, Maria C. CorreiaAbstract:This paper uses successive rounds of National Sample Survey Organization data from 1993-94 to 2011-12, and draws from census data. This paper (i) provides a description of nearly two decades of patterns and trends in female Labor Force Participation in India; (ii) estimates the extent of the recent decline in female Labor Force Participation; and (iii) examines and assesses the contribution of various demographic and socioeconomic factors in explaining the female Labor Force Participation decision and the recent the drop. The analysis finds that female Labor Force Participation dropped by 19.6 million women from 2004–05 to 2011–12. Participation declined by 11.4 percent, from 42.6 to 31.2 percent during 1993–94 to 2011–12. Approximately 53 percent of this drop occurred in rural India, among those ages 15 to 24 years. Factors such as educational attainment, socioeconomic status, and household composition largely contributed to the drop, although their effects were more pronounced in rural areas. Specifically, the analysis finds a U-shaped relationship between levels of educational attainment and female Labor Force Participation. The decomposition of the contribution of these various determinants to the female Labor Force Participation decision suggests that stability in family income, as indicated by the increasing share of regular wage earners and declining share of casual Labor in the composition of family Labor supply, has led female family members to choose dropping out of, rather than joining, the Labor Force. The findings of this paper suggest that conventional approaches to increasing female Labor Force Participation (such as education and skills and legal provisions) will be insufficient. Policies should center on promoting the acceptability of female employment and investing in growing economic sectors that are more attractive for female employment.
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precarious drop reassessing patterns of female Labor Force Participation in india
2017Co-Authors: Luis Alberto Andres, Basab Dasgupta, George Joseph, Vinoj Abraham, Maria C. CorreiaAbstract:This paper uses successive rounds of National Sample Survey Organization data from 1993-94 to 2011-12, and draws from census data. This paper (i) provides a description of nearly two decades of patterns and trends in female Labor Force Participation in India; (ii) estimates the extent of the recent decline in female Labor Force Participation; and (iii) examines and assesses the contribution of various demographic and socioeconomic factors in explaining the female Labor Force Participation decision and the recent the drop. The analysis finds that female Labor Force Participation dropped by 19.6 million women from 2004–05 to 2011–12. Participation declined by 11.4 percent, from 42.6 to 31.2 percent during 1993–94 to 2011–12. Approximately 53 percent of this drop occurred in rural India, among those ages 15 to 24 years. Factors such as educational attainment, socioeconomic status, and household composition largely contributed to the drop, although their effects were more pronounced in rural areas. Specifically, the analysis finds a U-shaped relationship between levels of educational attainment and female Labor Force Participation. The decomposition of the contribution of these various determinants to the female Labor Force Participation decision suggests that stability in family income, as indicated by the increasing share of regular wage earners and declining share of casual Labor in the composition of family Labor supply, has led female family members to choose dropping out of, rather than joining, the Labor Force. The findings of this paper suggest that conventional approaches to increasing female Labor Force Participation (such as education and skills and legal provisions) will be insufficient. Policies should center on promoting the acceptability of female employment and investing in growing economic sectors that are more attractive for female employment.
Luis Alberto Andres - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Precarious Drop: Reassessing Patterns of Female Labor Force Participation in India - Precarious drop : reassessing patterns of female Labor Force Participation in India
Policy Research Working Papers, 2017Co-Authors: Luis Alberto Andres, Basab Dasgupta, George Joseph, Vinoj Abraham, Maria C. CorreiaAbstract:This paper uses successive rounds of National Sample Survey Organization data from 1993-94 to 2011-12, and draws from census data. This paper (i) provides a description of nearly two decades of patterns and trends in female Labor Force Participation in India; (ii) estimates the extent of the recent decline in female Labor Force Participation; and (iii) examines and assesses the contribution of various demographic and socioeconomic factors in explaining the female Labor Force Participation decision and the recent the drop. The analysis finds that female Labor Force Participation dropped by 19.6 million women from 2004–05 to 2011–12. Participation declined by 11.4 percent, from 42.6 to 31.2 percent during 1993–94 to 2011–12. Approximately 53 percent of this drop occurred in rural India, among those ages 15 to 24 years. Factors such as educational attainment, socioeconomic status, and household composition largely contributed to the drop, although their effects were more pronounced in rural areas. Specifically, the analysis finds a U-shaped relationship between levels of educational attainment and female Labor Force Participation. The decomposition of the contribution of these various determinants to the female Labor Force Participation decision suggests that stability in family income, as indicated by the increasing share of regular wage earners and declining share of casual Labor in the composition of family Labor supply, has led female family members to choose dropping out of, rather than joining, the Labor Force. The findings of this paper suggest that conventional approaches to increasing female Labor Force Participation (such as education and skills and legal provisions) will be insufficient. Policies should center on promoting the acceptability of female employment and investing in growing economic sectors that are more attractive for female employment.
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precarious drop reassessing patterns of female Labor Force Participation in india
2017Co-Authors: Luis Alberto Andres, Basab Dasgupta, George Joseph, Vinoj Abraham, Maria C. CorreiaAbstract:This paper uses successive rounds of National Sample Survey Organization data from 1993-94 to 2011-12, and draws from census data. This paper (i) provides a description of nearly two decades of patterns and trends in female Labor Force Participation in India; (ii) estimates the extent of the recent decline in female Labor Force Participation; and (iii) examines and assesses the contribution of various demographic and socioeconomic factors in explaining the female Labor Force Participation decision and the recent the drop. The analysis finds that female Labor Force Participation dropped by 19.6 million women from 2004–05 to 2011–12. Participation declined by 11.4 percent, from 42.6 to 31.2 percent during 1993–94 to 2011–12. Approximately 53 percent of this drop occurred in rural India, among those ages 15 to 24 years. Factors such as educational attainment, socioeconomic status, and household composition largely contributed to the drop, although their effects were more pronounced in rural areas. Specifically, the analysis finds a U-shaped relationship between levels of educational attainment and female Labor Force Participation. The decomposition of the contribution of these various determinants to the female Labor Force Participation decision suggests that stability in family income, as indicated by the increasing share of regular wage earners and declining share of casual Labor in the composition of family Labor supply, has led female family members to choose dropping out of, rather than joining, the Labor Force. The findings of this paper suggest that conventional approaches to increasing female Labor Force Participation (such as education and skills and legal provisions) will be insufficient. Policies should center on promoting the acceptability of female employment and investing in growing economic sectors that are more attractive for female employment.
Woo-yung Kim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Subways and the Labor Force Participation of Females:The case of Daejeon, Korea
Research in Transportation Economics, 2019Co-Authors: Woo-yung KimAbstract:Abstract This study investigates the effects of subways on the Labor Force Participation rates of females living in Daejeon, Korea. Since the availability of subways reduces fixed costs of commuting to work in terms of money and time, we anticipate the Labor Force Participation rate of females to increase after the construction of subways in the area. Using the monthly economically active population survey and the difference in difference (DID) methods, we find that Labor Force Participation rates as well as employment growth rates of women have increased in Daejeon. In particular, the largest subway employment effect is observed for women aged 50–59, followed by women aged 60 or over. We also explore a possibility that subways affect the Labor Force Participation of males and find that their impact is smaller for males than for females. Our results indicate that public transportation plays an important role in increasing the Labor Force Participation rates of females, especially in regions where the initial level of female Labor Force Participation rates are relatively low.
Julie L. Hotchkiss - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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identifying factors behind the decline in the u s Labor Force Participation rate
Business and Economic Research, 2013Co-Authors: Julie L. Hotchkiss, Fernando RiosavilaAbstract:The analysis in this paper finds that the dramatic decline in Labor Force Participation during the Great Recession is more than explained by deteriorating Labor market conditions (cyclical factors).Behavior adjusted over this time period to boost Labor Force Participation so that it was higher in 2012 than would have been predicted by the model. Depending on the strength of the Labor market going forward, we project anywhere from a further decline in the Labor Force Participation rate of 0.8pp to an increase of 0.35pp by 2017.
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Decomposing Changes in the Aggregate Labor Force Participation Rate
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2009Co-Authors: Julie L. HotchkissAbstract:This paper presents a simple methodology for decomposing changes in the aggregate Labor Force Participation rate (LFPR) over time into demographic group changes in Labor Force Participation behavior and in population share. The purpose is to identify the relative importance of behavioral changes and population changes as driving Forces behind changes in the aggregate LFPR.
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Decomposing Changes in the Total Labor Force Participation Rate
2008Co-Authors: Julie L. HotchkissAbstract:This paper presents a simple methodology for decomposing changes in the total Labor Force Participation rate (LFPR) over time into demographic group changes in Labor Force Participation behavior and in population share. While the declining rates of Labor Force Participation among young people and working age women account for a sizable portion of the decline in the overall LFPR since 2000, the declining population share of working age men and women were far more important. Knowing whether changes in the rate of Labor Force Participation is primarily driven by changes in behavior (demographic group-specific change in LFPR), which is not typically predictable, or by changes in population shares, which is more predictable, will contribute to our forward looking anticipation of available Labor resources.
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changes in behavioral and characteristic determination of female Labor Force Participation 1975 2005
Econometric Reviews, 2006Co-Authors: Julie L. HotchkissAbstract:For policymakers, identifying the factors contributing to changes in Labor Force Participation over time is important for setting appropriate policy regarding the nation’s productivity. Although the factors contributing to such changes over the past six decades have been well documented, more recent trends in women’s Labor Force Participation beg further scrutiny. ; This article dissects the changes in the Labor Force Participation rate over the past thirty years among women aged twenty-five to fifty-four. Using Current Population Survey data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the author focuses especially on the unprecedented 2.7 percentage point decline in women’s Participation rate between 2000 and 2005. While changes in the observed behavior of educated women and in characteristics such as the number of young children have contributed to the decline, the results suggest that the largest contributors have been unobserved changes. From a policy perspective, the presence of unobservables is not very satisfying or informative. Nonetheless, the large role of unobservables in determining Labor Force Participation rates suggests that a rebound to Participation rates seen in 2000 is not obviously forthcoming or likely to be easily predictable. The next step in studying these trends, the author believes, is further investigation of how Labor Force Participation decisions are made in a family context and how these decisions have changed over time. ; From a policy perspective, the presence of unobservables is not very satisfying or informative. Nonetheless, the large role of unobservables in determining Labor Force Participation rates suggests that a rebound to Participation rates seen in 2000 is not obviously forthcoming or likely to be easily predictable. The next step in studying these trends, the author believes, is further investigation of how Labor Force Participation decisions are made in a family context and how these decisions have changed over time.
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What's Up with the Decline in Female Labor Force Participation?
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2005Co-Authors: Julie L. HotchkissAbstract:Working Paper 2005-18 August 2005 Abstract: This paper determines that the weaker positive pull of education into the Labor market and weaker Labor market conditions are the observed factors that contributed the most to the decline in the Labor Force Participation rate (LFPR) between 2000 and 2004 among women ages 25-54. As is typical, however, unobserved factors contributed more than any single or combination of observed factors. Furthermore, if the unemployment rate rebounded to its level in 2000, the LFPR would still be 1.4 percentage points lower than it was in 2000. JEL classification: J22, J11 Key words: female Labor Force Participation, Labor supply, Labor Force Participation over the business cycle What's Up With the Decline in Female Labor Force Participation? I. Introduction and Background Since the late 1940s the percent of the male population participating in the Labor Force has been on a steady decline, while female Labor Force Participation has been steadily increasing. Figure 1 illustrates these long-term trends. The decline in male Labor Force Participation has been attributed to a variety of factors. The institution of Social Security in 1935; its expansion to include disability insurance and Medicaid; and the Revenue Act of 1942, which granted tax incentives for firms to establish private pension plans, have been found to have contributed significantly to the decline (for example, see Burtless and Moffitt 1984, Helmuth Cremer, et al. 2004, Gruber 2000, and Lumsdaine, et al. 1997). These policies provided both greater incentives to claim a work-inhibiting disability and to retire earlier from the Labor market. Another explanation offered to explain the decline of male Labor Force Participation among all age groups is the increase in female Labor Force Participation. With Labor supply decisions often made in a household (husband-wife) setting, the increase in family income from more wives working provides an income effect incentive for husbands to decrease their Labor supply. [FIGURE 1 OMITTED] The rise in female Labor Force Participation has several explanations, as well. A major determinant of the increase in Labor Force Participation are the biotechnological advancements that have provided women greater control over and timing of child bearing decisions since the 1940s (see Bailey 2004). This greater flexibility, along with advancements in household technologies (such as the introduction of the dishwasher and microwave oven) have afforded women greater freedom and time to increase their educational attainment, providing yet another reason to devote more time to the Labor market (see Goldin 1995). Further, changing social attitudes about the role of women and the appropriateness of women (and wives) to work have increased the job opportunities and, thus, the incentives for women to enter the Labor market (see Rindfuss et al. 1996). While the on-going decline in male Labor Force Participation and the long-lived rise in female Labor Force Participation have received much attention over the years, there has been a more recent change in the trend of Labor Force Participation among women since 2000 that begs further scrutiny. Figure 2 plots the change in Labor Force Participation rates between 2000 and 2004 for women across age categories. The figure shows that the decline in Labor Force Participation has occurred across all age groups, except those 55 and older. While the 16-19 and 55+ age groups deserve their own analyses, this paper focuses on the change in Labor Force Participation of those women who comprise the bulk of the female Labor Force, those 25-54 years of age. (1) These women made up 69% of the female Labor Force in 2004. [FIGURE 2 OMITTED] The importance of identifying the source of the unprecedented decline in female Labor Force Participation lies in the value of knowing whether the decline is the beginning of a new trend or whether it is temporary and likely to reverse itself. …
