The Experts below are selected from a list of 285 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Kirsten St George - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Laboratory Diagnosis of zika virus infection
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Marie L Landry, Kirsten St GeorgeAbstract:Context.—The rapid and accurate Diagnosis of Zika virus infection is an international priority. Objective.—To review current recommendations, methods, limitations, and priorities for Zika virus testing. Data Sources.—Sources include published literature, public health recommendations, Laboratory procedures, and testing experience. Conclusions.—Until recently, the Laboratory Diagnosis of Zika infection was confined to public health or research laboratories that prepared their own reagents, and test capacity has been limited. Furthermore, Zika cross-reacts serologically with other flaviviruses, such as dengue, West Nile, and yellow fever. Current or past infection, or even vaccination with another flavivirus, will often cause false-positive or uninterpretable Zika serology results. Detection of viral RNA during acute infection using nucleic acid amplification tests provides more specific results, and a number of commercial nucleic acid amplification tests have received emergency use authorization. In additi...
William Borkowsky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Laboratory Diagnosis of HIV infection
Pediatric Clinics of North America, 1991Co-Authors: Keith Krasinski, William BorkowskyAbstract:Laboratory Diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is complicated by absence of data on sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of the various tests as they apply to children. The presence of maternal anti-HIV passively transmitted across the placenta also confounds Diagnosis. The authors review currently available data on the detection of HIV, HIV genome, and HIV gene products, as well as the diagnostic value of detecting serologic and cellular responses to HIV in infants and children.
D. P. Fedorko - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Laboratory Diagnosis of bacterial meningitis.
Clinical microbiology reviews, 1992Co-Authors: L. D. Gray, D. P. FedorkoAbstract:Bacterial meningitis is relatively common, can progress rapidly, and can result in death or permanent debilitation. This infection justifiably elicits strong emotional reactions and, hopefully, immediate medical intervention. This review is a brief presentation of the pathogenesis of bacterial meningitis and a review of current knowledge, literature, and recommendations on the subject of Laboratory Diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Those who work in clinical microbiology laboratories should be familiar with the tests used in detecting bacteria and bacterial antigens in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and should always have the utmost appreciation for the fact that results of such tests must always be reported immediately. Academic and practical aspects of the Laboratory Diagnosis of bacterial meningitis presented in this review include the following: anatomy of the meninges; pathogenesis; changes in the composition of CSF; etiological agents; processing CSF; microscopic examination of CSF; culturing CSF; methods of detecting bacterial antigens and bacterial components in CSF (counter-immunoelectrophoresis, coagglutination, latex agglutination, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Limulus amebocyte lysate assay, and gas-liquid chromatography); use of the polymerase chain reaction; and practical considerations for testing CSF for bacterial antigens.
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Laboratory Diagnosis of bacterial meningitis
Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 1992Co-Authors: L. D. Gray, D. P. FedorkoAbstract:This overview summarizes studies conducted since 1970 on the Laboratory Diagnosis of bacterial meningitis at the Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3. These investigations demonstrated that counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE), agglutination of sensitized staphylococcal cells or latex particles, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) effectively detect and identify specific antigens in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with meningococcal, pneumococcal, and Haemophilus meningitis. ELISA was the most sensitive of these methods and CIE the least sensitive. ELISA was also used to measure antibodies to meningococcal outer membrane protein antigens in patients. Finally, high rates of group A meningococcal nasopharyngeal carriage were found in group A meningococcal meningitis patients and populations associated with group A patients, but not in populations that were not associated with group A disease. © 1991.
Bobbi S. Pritt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Laboratory Diagnosis of Tropical Infections
Infectious disease clinics of North America, 2012Co-Authors: Bryan H. Schmitt, Jon E. Rosenblatt, Bobbi S. PrittAbstract:This article covers the Laboratory Diagnosis of infections that occur predominantly in the tropics. The discussion includes Diagnosis of blood and tissue parasites, intestinal parasites, and tropical infections caused by fungi, bacteria, and mycobacteria. The Laboratory performance of techniques for the identification of intestinal parasites and special requirements for the collection of specimens for virology testing are also discussed. Images demonstrating the characteristic features of selected tropical parasites and fungi are included for reference.
Allen C Steere - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Laboratory Diagnosis of lyme borreliosis
Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 2021Co-Authors: John A Branda, Allen C SteereAbstract:SUMMARYLyme borreliosis is caused by a growing list of related, yet distinct, spirochetes with complex biology and sophisticated immune evasion mechanisms. It may result in a range of clinical manifestations involving different organ systems, and can lead to persistent sequelae in a subset of cases. The pathogenesis of Lyme borreliosis is incompletely understood, and Laboratory Diagnosis, the focus of this review, requires considerable understanding to interpret the results correctly. Direct detection of the infectious agent is usually not possible or practical, necessitating a continued reliance on serologic testing. Still, some important advances have been made in the area of diagnostics, and there are many promising ideas for future assay development. This review summarizes the state of the art in Laboratory diagnostics for Lyme borreliosis, provides guidance in test selection and interpretation, and highlights future directions.
