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Kristi M Larson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biology life history and Laboratory Rearing of spathius galinae hymenoptera braconidae a larval parasitoid of the invasive emerald ash borer coleoptera buprestidae
Journal of Economic Entomology, 2014Co-Authors: Jian J Duan, Kristi M Larson, Timothy J WattAbstract:ABSTRACT Spathius galinae Belokobylskij & Strazanac is a recently described parasitoid of the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, in the Russian Far East, and is currently being considered for biocontrol introduction in the United States. Using A. planipennis larvae reared with freshly cut ash (Fraxinus spp.) sticks, we investigated the biology, life cycle, and Rearing of S. galinae in the Laboratory under normal Rearing conditions (25 ± 1°C, 65 ± 10% relative humidity, and a photoperiod of 16:8 [L:D] h). Our study showed that S. galinae took approximately 1 mo (29 d) to complete a single generation (from egg to adult) under the Laboratory Rearing conditions. After eclosion from eggs, larvae of S. galinae molted four times to reach the fifth instar, which then spun cocoons for pupation and development to adults. Adult female wasps had a median survival time of 7 wk with fecundity peaking 3 wk after emergence when reared in groups (of five females and five males) and 2 wk in single pairs. Thr...
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effects of ambient temperature on egg and larval development of the invasive emerald ash borer coleoptera buprestidae implications for Laboratory Rearing
Journal of Economic Entomology, 2013Co-Authors: Jian J Duan, Tim Watt, Phil Taylor, Kristi M Larson, Jonathan P LelitoAbstract:ABSTRACT The emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, an invasive beetle from Asia causing large scale ash (Fraxinus) mortality in North America, has been extremely difficult to rear in the Laboratory because of its long life cycle and cryptic nature of immature stages. This lack of effective Laboratory-Rearing methods has not only hindered research into its biology and ecology, but also mass production of natural enemies for biological control of this invasive pest. Using sticks from the alternate host plant, Fraxinus uhdei (Wenzig) Lingelsh, we characterized the stage-specific development time and growth rate of both emerald ash borer eggs and larvae at different constant temperatures (12–35°C) for the purpose of developing effective Laboratory-Rearing methods. Results from our study showed that the median time for egg hatching decreased from 20 d at 20°C to 7 d at 35°C, while no emerald ash borer eggs hatched at 12°C. The developmental time for 50% of emerald ash borer larvae advancing to thir...
Nathan D Burkettcadena - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Laboratory Rearing of culicoides stellifer diptera ceratopogonidae a suspected vector of orbiviruses in the united states
Journal of Medical Entomology, 2020Co-Authors: Dinesh Erram, Nathan D BurkettcadenaAbstract:Laboratory Rearing procedures of Culicoides stellifer Coquillett (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) were evaluated with an aim towards colonization of this species. Eggs collected from field-collected gravid females were placed on 0.25% agar slants and given a diet of 1) nematodes (Panagrellus redivivus Linnaeus), 2) nematodes + lactalbumin and yeast (LY), 3) microbes from nematode medium, and 4) tap water (autoclaved). Complete larval development to adult stage occurred only in two treatments: 1) nematodes and 2) nematodes + LY. Culicoides stellifer larvae could not survive beyond 1 wk on a diet of microbes alone or in the sterile water treatment. Larval survival rates were high using nematode diet (79.2 ± 11.3% [mean ± SE]) but were slightly lower in the nematode + LY group (66.5 ± 19.6%). Larval stage lasted ~21 d in both treatments. Sex ratio of F1 adults was ~1:1 (M:F) using nematode diet but was male biased (~2:1) with nematode + LY diet. These findings collectively suggest that a microbial community is required for midge larvae, either to support invertebrate prey base or as a potential food source. But in the present study, the supplied microbes alone were not sufficient to support midge survival/development. It appears that other nutritional components may also be essential to support the larval survival/development of C. stellifer. Overall, a simple diet of bacterial feeding nematodes and their associated microorganisms can be used to rear C. stellifer larvae under Laboratory conditions. However, captive mating in F1 adults poses a major obstacle for successful colonization of this species currently.
Graham P Head - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mass Rearing diet for the pink bollworm pectinophora gossypiella lepidoptera gelechiidae and its susceptibility to insecticidal bt proteins
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 2009Co-Authors: K Muralimohan, Subray P Kamath, K S Mohan, K C Ravi, Farah Deeba, Sakuntala Sivasupramaniam, Graham P HeadAbstract:A study was carried out to develop a diet for mass Rearing of the pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.) and optimize bioassays for testing the bollworm's sensitivity to two insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). A P. gossypiella colony was established in the Laboratory from field collections and its developmental biology was compared on various test diets. Larvae reared on a diet of cottonseed and chickpea flours for the first 10 days and subsequently on pieces of okra attained rapid growth and development. This two-phase diet has been used for successful Laboratory Rearing of 51 generations of the bollworm. Neonates were found to be sensitive to both the Bt proteins Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab2, which are produced by the transgenic Bt cotton products Bollgarde and Bollgard IIe.
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mass Rearing diet for the pink bollworm pectinophora gossypiella lepidoptera gelechiidae and its susceptibility to insecticidal bt proteins
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 2009Co-Authors: K Muralimohan, Subray P Kamath, K S Mohan, K C Ravi, Farah Deeba, Sakuntala Sivasupramaniam, Graham P HeadAbstract:A study was carried out to develop a diet for mass Rearing of the pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.) and optimize bioassays for testing the bollworm’s sensitivity to two insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). A P. gossypiella colony was established in the Laboratory from field collections and its developmental biology was compared on various test diets. Larvae reared on a diet of cottonseed and chickpea flours for the first 10 days and subsequently on pieces of okra attained rapid growth and development. This two-phase diet has been used for successful Laboratory Rearing of 51 generations of the bollworm. Neonates were found to be sensitive to both the Bt proteins Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab2, which are produced by the transgenic Bt cotton products Bollgard™ and Bollgard II™.
Lawrence E. Gilbert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a small parasitoid of fire ants pseudacteon obtusitus diptera phoridae native range ecology and Laboratory Rearing
Florida Entomologist, 2020Co-Authors: Patricia J Folgarait, Robert M Plowes, Carolina Gomila, Lawrence E. GilbertAbstract:The high diversity within a guild of Pseudacteon Coquillet (Diptera: Phoridae) parasitoid flies hosted by the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), may be based on several niche axes, including host size specialization, host location cues, climatic responses, and tolerances. The recently described species, Pseudacteon obtusitus Plowes, Folgarait, and Gilbert (Diptera: Phoridae), is one of the smallest species in this group (with a thorax width of only 0.3 mm), and appears to locate ant hosts on foraging trails as well as at nest disturbances. Here we examine the ecology, phenology, and development of this parasitoid at sites in Corrientes, Argentina. Pseudacteon obtusitus has 2 seasons of peak abundance, and exhibits low tolerance for cold temperatures or extended cold periods. It preys on the smallest ant workers (typically 0.6 mm head width) independent of the ant size offered, and has a male biased sex ratio (mean 2.78:1). Developmental times ranged from 35 d at 27 °C to 44 d at 22 °C. This species holds interest for inclusion among the multi-species assemblage of parasitoid flies considered for biological control of S. invicta in its invasive range in North America.
Jian J Duan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biology life history and Laboratory Rearing of spathius galinae hymenoptera braconidae a larval parasitoid of the invasive emerald ash borer coleoptera buprestidae
Journal of Economic Entomology, 2014Co-Authors: Jian J Duan, Kristi M Larson, Timothy J WattAbstract:ABSTRACT Spathius galinae Belokobylskij & Strazanac is a recently described parasitoid of the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, in the Russian Far East, and is currently being considered for biocontrol introduction in the United States. Using A. planipennis larvae reared with freshly cut ash (Fraxinus spp.) sticks, we investigated the biology, life cycle, and Rearing of S. galinae in the Laboratory under normal Rearing conditions (25 ± 1°C, 65 ± 10% relative humidity, and a photoperiod of 16:8 [L:D] h). Our study showed that S. galinae took approximately 1 mo (29 d) to complete a single generation (from egg to adult) under the Laboratory Rearing conditions. After eclosion from eggs, larvae of S. galinae molted four times to reach the fifth instar, which then spun cocoons for pupation and development to adults. Adult female wasps had a median survival time of 7 wk with fecundity peaking 3 wk after emergence when reared in groups (of five females and five males) and 2 wk in single pairs. Thr...
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effects of ambient temperature on egg and larval development of the invasive emerald ash borer coleoptera buprestidae implications for Laboratory Rearing
Journal of Economic Entomology, 2013Co-Authors: Jian J Duan, Tim Watt, Phil Taylor, Kristi M Larson, Jonathan P LelitoAbstract:ABSTRACT The emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, an invasive beetle from Asia causing large scale ash (Fraxinus) mortality in North America, has been extremely difficult to rear in the Laboratory because of its long life cycle and cryptic nature of immature stages. This lack of effective Laboratory-Rearing methods has not only hindered research into its biology and ecology, but also mass production of natural enemies for biological control of this invasive pest. Using sticks from the alternate host plant, Fraxinus uhdei (Wenzig) Lingelsh, we characterized the stage-specific development time and growth rate of both emerald ash borer eggs and larvae at different constant temperatures (12–35°C) for the purpose of developing effective Laboratory-Rearing methods. Results from our study showed that the median time for egg hatching decreased from 20 d at 20°C to 7 d at 35°C, while no emerald ash borer eggs hatched at 12°C. The developmental time for 50% of emerald ash borer larvae advancing to thir...
