The Experts below are selected from a list of 1812 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Susanne Milcher - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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On vulnerability and Labour Market Discrimination of Roma
2020Co-Authors: Susanne MilcherAbstract:The focus of this dissertation is on vulnerability to poverty and on wage Discrimination of Roma in South East Europe with the aim to reveal the systemic causes of poverty and Labour Market disadvantage. It calls attention to the interaction of various socio-economic factors that are responsible for the situation of the Roma in South East Europe. It is shown that Roma are both poorer than non-Roma and are more vulnerable to poverty. Especially, low education appears to be a key determinant of Roma household’s vulnerability. The author, Susanne Milcher, further shows, that education (rather than wage Discrimination) is a main factor in explaining wage income differentials between Roma and non-Roma in South East Europe. Nevertheless, wage Discrimination apparently is an important factor in lowering incomes of Roma in Albania and Kosovo.
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DECOMPOSING INCOME DIFFERENTIALS BETWEEN ROMA AND NON-ROMA IN SOUTH EAST EUROPE
Romanian Journal of Regional Science, 2020Co-Authors: Susanne MilcherAbstract:The paper decomposes average income differentials between Roma and non-Roma in South East Europe into the component that can be explained by group differences in income-related characteristics (characteristics effect), and the component which is due to differing returns to these characteristics (coefficients or Discrimination effect). The decomposition analysis is based on Blinder (1973) and Oaxaca (1973) and uses three weighting matrices, reflecting the different assumptions about income structures that would prevail in the absence of Discrimination. Heckman (1979) estimators control for selectivity bias. Using microdata from the 2004 UNDP household survey on Roma minorities, the paper finds that a large share of the average income differential between Roma and non-Roma is explained by human capital differences. Nevertheless, significant Labour Market Discrimination is found in Kosovo for all weight specifications and in Bulgaria and Serbia for two weight specifications. (author's abstract)
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Vulnerability and Labour Market Discrimination of Roma in South East Europe
2011Co-Authors: Susanne MilcherAbstract:The focus of this dissertation is on vulnerability to poverty and on wage Discrimination of Roma in South East Europe with the aim to reveal the systemic causes of poverty and Labour Market disadvantage. It calls attention to the interaction of various socio-economic factors that are responsible for the situation of the Roma in South East Europe. It is shown that Roma are both poorer than non-Roma and are more vulnerable to poverty. Especially, low education appears to be a key determinant of Roma household's vulnerability. The dissertation further shows, that education (rather than wage Discrimination) is a main factor in explaining wage income differentials between Roma and non-Roma in South East Europe. Nevertheless, wage Discrimination apparently is an important factor in lowering incomes of Roma in Albania and Kosovo. (author's abstract)
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on Labour Market Discrimination against roma in south east europe
ERSA conference papers, 2011Co-Authors: Susanne Milcher, Manfred M FischerAbstract:This paper lies in the tradition of decomposition analysis of wage differentials based on the model set forth in Blinder (1973) and Oaxaca (1973), and aims to measure Labour Market Discrimination against Roma in South East European countries (Albania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Serbia and Kosovo). We use microdata from 2004 UNDP household survey and a Bayesian approach, proposed by Keith and LeSage (2003), for the decomposition analysis of wage differentials. Statistical inference for both Discrimination and characteristics effects estimates are based on Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) estimation. Variance estimates derived from this method of estimation are known to reflect the true posterior variance when a sufficiently large sample of MCMC draws is carried out. The results provide clear evidence for Labour Market Discrimination against Roma in Albania and Kosovo, but not so in Bulgaria, Croatia, and Serbia. Nevertheless, there are significant differences in how individual characteristics are valued between Roma and non-Roma.
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on Labour Market Discrimination against roma in south east europe
Papers in Regional Science, 2010Co-Authors: Susanne Milcher, Manfred M FischerAbstract:This paper directs interest on country-specific Labour Market Discrimination Roma may suffer in South East Europe. The study lies in the tradition of statistical Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition analysis. We use microdata from UNDP’s 2004 survey of Roma minorities, and apply a Bayesian approach, proposed by Keith and LeSage (2004), for the decomposition analysis of wage differentials. This approach is based on a robust Bayesian heteroscedastic linear regression model in conjunction with Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) estimation. The results obtained indicate the presence of Labour Market Discrimination in Albania and Kosovo, but point to its absence in Bulgaria, Croatia, and Serbia.
Maarten C M Vendrik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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identification screening and stereotyping in Labour Market Discrimination
Journal of Economics, 2005Co-Authors: Maarten C M Vendrik, Christiane SchwierenAbstract:According to social-psychological research, feelings of uncertainty in decision-making evoke two opposite responses: (i) reduction of uncertainty by information search, leading to less stereotyping of people, and hence less Discrimination; (ii) social identification with an ingroup, inducing more reliance on stereotypic perceptions and prejudices, and hence more Discrimination against an outgroup. We integrate both responses in a microeconomic model of hiring and pay decisions by an employer. Increasing competition in the product Market makes the employer feel more uncertain about his profits, but also raises the opportunity cost of screening expenditures. This elicits substitution of ingroup identification for screening expenditures, and hence enhances Discrimination.
Christiane Schwieren - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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identification screening and stereotyping in Labour Market Discrimination
Journal of Economics, 2005Co-Authors: Maarten C M Vendrik, Christiane SchwierenAbstract:According to social-psychological research, feelings of uncertainty in decision-making evoke two opposite responses: (i) reduction of uncertainty by information search, leading to less stereotyping of people, and hence less Discrimination; (ii) social identification with an ingroup, inducing more reliance on stereotypic perceptions and prejudices, and hence more Discrimination against an outgroup. We integrate both responses in a microeconomic model of hiring and pay decisions by an employer. Increasing competition in the product Market makes the employer feel more uncertain about his profits, but also raises the opportunity cost of screening expenditures. This elicits substitution of ingroup identification for screening expenditures, and hence enhances Discrimination.
Alexander Straub - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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headscarf and job recruitment lifting the veil of Labour Market Discrimination
IZA Journal of Labor Economics, 2018Co-Authors: Attakrit Leckcivilize, Alexander StraubAbstract:This paper investigates effects of appearance and religious practice of job applicants on the hiring decision. We asked participants in our laboratory experiment to select fictitious candidates for an interview from a pool of CVs with comparable characteristics but different photos. Some photos were of the same Turkish women with and without a headscarf. We demonstrate the effects of appearance, ethnicity, and veiling simultaneously and propose underlying mechanisms. We find robust effects of appearance but heterogeneous effects of headscarf on callback rates based on types of occupations and recruiters’ characteristics. However, positive characteristics mitigate Discrimination against headscarf and even reverse it.
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Headscarf and job recruitment—lifting the veil of Labour Market Discrimination
IZA Journal of Labor Economics, 2018Co-Authors: Attakrit Leckcivilize, Alexander StraubAbstract:This paper investigates effects of appearance and religious practice of job applicants on the hiring decision. We asked participants in our laboratory experiment to select fictitious candidates for an interview from a pool of CVs with comparable characteristics but different photos. Some photos were of the same Turkish women with and without a headscarf. We demonstrate the effects of appearance, ethnicity, and veiling simultaneously and propose underlying mechanisms. We find robust effects of appearance but heterogeneous effects of headscarf on callback rates based on types of occupations and recruiters’ characteristics. However, positive characteristics mitigate Discrimination against headscarf and even reverse it.
Umakrishnan Kollamparambil - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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obesity based Labour Market Discrimination in south africa a dynamic panel analysis
Journal of Public Health, 2017Co-Authors: Junita Henry, Umakrishnan KollamparambilAbstract:Purpose Apart from obesity-related health care costs in South Africa, obesity is also seen to have far-reaching effects that seep into Labour Market outcomes. Using National Income Dynamics Survey (NIDS) panel data, this study aims to examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and employment status as well as wage levels of individuals to identify the optimal level of BMI from the Labour Market perspective in South Africa. Thereafter, the article uses ethnicity-backed obesity thresholds to measure the Discrimination obese individuals face on the probability of becoming employed and their wages earned once employed.
