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Alexander Goerne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative social Policy analysis and active Labour Market Policy putting quality before quantity
Journal of Social Policy, 2016Co-Authors: Jochen Clasen, Daniel Clegg, Alexander GoerneAbstract:In the past decade, active Labour Market Policy (ALMP) has become a major topic in comparative social Policy analysis, with scholars exploiting cross-national variation to seek to identify the determinants of Policy development in this central area of the ‘new welfare state’. In this paper, we argue that better integration of this Policy field into social Policy scholarship requires rather more critical engagement with considerable methodological, conceptual and theoretical challenges in order to analyse these policies comparatively. Most fundamentally, rather more reflection is needed on what the substantially relevant dimensions of variation in ALMP from a social Policy perspective actually are, as well as enhanced efforts to ensure that it is those that are being analysed and compared.
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exit bismarck enter dualism assessing contemporary german Labour Market Policy
Journal of Social Policy, 2011Co-Authors: Jochen Clasen, Alexander GoerneAbstract:Between 2003 and 2005, German Labour Market Policy was subjected to the most far- reaching reform since the 1960s. Some commentators have interpreted the changes introduced as signalling a departure from the traditional 'Bismarckian' paradigm in German social Policy. For others, the new legislation has contributed and consolidated an ever-more pervasive trend of dualisation within the German welfare state. In this article, we contest both interpretations. First, we demonstrate that traditional social insurance principles remain a dominant element within unemployment protection. Second, we show that German Labour Market Policy is less rather than more segmented today than it was a decade ago.
Jochen Clasen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative social Policy analysis and active Labour Market Policy putting quality before quantity
Journal of Social Policy, 2016Co-Authors: Jochen Clasen, Daniel Clegg, Alexander GoerneAbstract:In the past decade, active Labour Market Policy (ALMP) has become a major topic in comparative social Policy analysis, with scholars exploiting cross-national variation to seek to identify the determinants of Policy development in this central area of the ‘new welfare state’. In this paper, we argue that better integration of this Policy field into social Policy scholarship requires rather more critical engagement with considerable methodological, conceptual and theoretical challenges in order to analyse these policies comparatively. Most fundamentally, rather more reflection is needed on what the substantially relevant dimensions of variation in ALMP from a social Policy perspective actually are, as well as enhanced efforts to ensure that it is those that are being analysed and compared.
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European Labour Market Policies in (the) Crisis
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2012Co-Authors: Jochen Clasen, Daniel Clegg, Jon KvistAbstract:This working paper by Jochen Clasen and Daniel Clegg, of the University of Edinburgh, together with Jon Kvist of the University of Southern Denmark, examines the nature of impact of the economic and political challenges engendered by the “Great Recession” on Labour Market Policy reforms in Europe. The authors thus consider the question of whether the economic crisis has also brought a Labour Market Policy reform crisis in its wake.The three researchers studied six EU member states (the Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Spain and the United Kingdom) and observed different response patterns depending on the interpretative framing – or ‘narrative’ – of the crisis.In the first phase of the crisis, all countries expanded their Labour Market Policy efforts. As crisis deepened, however, there was a clear bifurcation between those states that stepped up structural reforms intended to reduce Labour Market segmentation and those that turned to a more aggressive agenda of retrenchment.The authors conclude that their findings provide grounds for both optimism and pessimism. While observing no substantial evidence of a return to the “Labour shedding” policies of the 1980s, they do identify a retrenchment of Labour Market Policy in some states, including Denmark, the country that, in the 2000s, was so vaunted in this respect as a model for others to follow.
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exit bismarck enter dualism assessing contemporary german Labour Market Policy
Journal of Social Policy, 2011Co-Authors: Jochen Clasen, Alexander GoerneAbstract:Between 2003 and 2005, German Labour Market Policy was subjected to the most far- reaching reform since the 1960s. Some commentators have interpreted the changes introduced as signalling a departure from the traditional 'Bismarckian' paradigm in German social Policy. For others, the new legislation has contributed and consolidated an ever-more pervasive trend of dualisation within the German welfare state. In this article, we contest both interpretations. First, we demonstrate that traditional social insurance principles remain a dominant element within unemployment protection. Second, we show that German Labour Market Policy is less rather than more segmented today than it was a decade ago.
Andrea Weber - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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active Labour Market Policy evaluations a meta analysis
The Economic Journal, 2010Co-Authors: David Card, Jochen Kluve, Andrea WeberAbstract:This paper presents a meta-analysis of recent microeconometric evaluations of active labor Market policies. Our sample consists of 199 program estimates drawn from 97 studies conducted between 1995 and 2007. In about one-half of these cases we have both a short-term impact estimate (for a one-year post-program horizon) and a medium-term estimate (two-year horizon). We characterize the program estimates according to the type and duration of the program, the characteristics of the participants, and the evaluation methodology. Heterogeneity in all three dimensions affects the likelihood that an impact estimate is significantly positive, significantly negative, or statistically insignificant. Comparing program types, subsidized public sector employment programs have the least favorable impact estimates. Job search assistance programs have relatively favorable short-run impacts, whereas classroom and on-the-job training programs tend to show better outcomes in the medium-run than the short-run. Programs for youths are less likely to yield positive impacts than untargeted programs, but there are no large or systematic differences by gender. Methodologically, we find that the outcome variable used to measure program effectiveness matters. Evaluations based on registered unemployment durations are more likely to show favorable short-term impacts. Controlling for the outcome measure, and the type of program and participants, we find that experimental and non-experimental studies have similar fractions of significant negative and significant positive impact estimates, suggesting that the research designs used in recent non-experimental evaluations are unbiased.
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active Labour Market Policy evaluations
2010Co-Authors: David Card, Jochen Kluve, Andrea WeberAbstract:This article presents a meta-analysis of recent microeconometric evaluations of active Labour Market policies. We categorise 199 programme impacts from 97 studies conducted between 1995 and 2007. Job search assistance programmes yield relatively favourable programme impacts, whereas public sector employment programmes are less effective. Training programmes are associated with positive medium-term impacts, although in the short term they often appear ineffective. We also find that the outcome variable used to measure programme impact matters, but neither the publication status of a study nor the use of a randomised design is related to the sign or significance of the programme estimate. The effectiveness of active Labour Market policies ‐ including subsidised employment, training and job search assistance ‐ has been a matter of vigorous debate over the past half century. 1 While many aspects of the debate remain unsettled, some progress has been made on the key question of how participation in an active Labour Market programme (ALMP) affects the Labour Market outcomes of the participants themselves. 2 Progress has been facilitated by rapid advances in methodology and data quality, and by a growing institutional commitment to evaluation in many countries, and has resulted in an explosion of professionally authored microeconometric evaluations. In their influential review Heckman et al. (1999) summarise approximately 75 microeconometric evaluation studies from the US and other countries. A more recent review by Kluve (forthcoming) includes nearly 100 separate studies from Europe alone, while Greenberg et al. (2003) survey 31 evaluations of government-funded programmes for the disadvantaged in the US. In this article we synthesise some of the main lessons in the recent microeconometric evaluation literature, using a new and comprehensive sample of programme estimates from the latest generation of studies. Our sample is derived from responses to a survey of 358 academic researchers affiliated with the Institute for the Study of Labour (IZA) and the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) in spring 2007. These researchers and their colleagues authored a total of 97 studies of active Labour Market
Michael Lechner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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active Labour Market Policy in east germany
Economics of Transition, 2009Co-Authors: Michael Lechner, Conny WunschAbstract:We investigate the effects of the most important East German active Labour Market programmes on the Labour Market outcomes of their participants. The analysis is based on a large and informative individual database derived from administrative data sources. Using matching methods, we find that over a horizon of 2.5 years after the start of the programmes, they fail to increase the employment chances of their participants in the regular Labour Market. However, the programmes may have other effects for their participants that may be considered important in the especially difficult situation experienced in the East German Labour Market.
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a microeconometric evaluation of the active Labour Market Policy in switzerland
The Economic Journal, 2002Co-Authors: Michael Gerfin, Michael LechnerAbstract:In the late 1990s, Switzerland introduced an ambitious active Labour Market Policy (ALMP) encompassing several programmes. We evaluate their effects on the individual employment probability using unusually informative data from administrative records. Using a matching estimator for multiple programmes, we find positive effects for one particular programme unique to the Swiss ALMP. It consists of a wage subsidy for temporary jobs in the regular Labour Market that would otherwise not be taken up by the unemployed. We also find negative effects for traditional employment programmes operated in sheltered Labour Markets. For training courses, the results are mixed.
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a microeconometric evaluation of active Labour Market Policy in switzerland
2001Co-Authors: Michael Gerfin, Michael LechnerAbstract:In the second half of the 1990s Switzerland introduced an ambitious active Labour Market Policy (ALMP) encompassing a variety of programmes. We evaluate the effects of these programmes on individual employment probability using unusually informative data originating from administrative records. Using a matching estimator for multiple programmes, we find positive effects for one particular programme that is a unique feature of the Swiss ALMP. It consists of a wage subsidy for temporary jobs in the regular Labour Market that would otherwise not be taken up by the unemployed. We also find negative effects for traditional employment programmes operated in sheltered Labour Markets. For training courses the results are mixed.
Timo Fleckenstein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The German Welfare State and Labour Market Policy
Institutions Ideas and Learning in Welfare State Change, 2011Co-Authors: Timo FleckensteinAbstract:Following the new institutionalist approach, understanding of the development of Labour Market Policy requires an understanding of the institutional framework in which Labour Market reforms are developed. First, the basic ideas and institutions of the German welfare state are briefly reviewed, before mapping the historical development of German Labour Market Policy from its institutionalisation in 1927 to the last Kohl government, which left office in 1998. It will be shown that Policy development had been characterised by remarkable continuity and change at the same time. The basic institutions remained intact, while the ideas governing Labour Market Policy underwent some substantial transformation (Section 1). With the Job-AQTIV Law and the Hartz Legislation, the Schroder government (1998–2005) not only continued but accelerated the departure from the conservative–corporatist path of welfare in Labour Market Policy, started by the centre-right government in the mid-1990s. The ideas of activation and new public management gained a virtually unchallenged predominance in Labour Market Policy (Section 2).
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Red-Green Labour Market Policy-Making: An Overview
Institutions Ideas and Learning in Welfare State Change, 2011Co-Authors: Timo FleckensteinAbstract:It has been shown that the Labour Market reforms of the Red-Green government involved paradigmatic Policy changes, with which Labour Market Policy departed from the conservative–corporatist path of welfare. For elaborating the significance of Policy learning in this process, the structures of Labour Market Policy-making, in which actual learning would have been embedded, need to be scrutinised. Here, the analysis begins with presenting the basic Policy-making structures of Red-Green Labour Market Policy-making, focusing on Policy formulation of the ministerial bureaucracy and Red-Green parliamentary experts. Predominantly referring to the Job-AQTIV Law of the first Schroder government, this investigation is complemented with the first concise account of the reasons and reference models for the paradigm shift towards activation. The Job-AQTIV Law was restricted to measures of positive activation (Section 1).
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The Institutional Setting of German Labour Market Policy-Making
Institutions Ideas and Learning in Welfare State Change, 2011Co-Authors: Timo FleckensteinAbstract:The decision-making structure of the polity is decisive for the political viability of reform proposals. Generally, high institutional barriers in Policy-making characterise the German political system, making major Policy reforms difficult. The reforms not only by the Red-Green alliance but also by the preceding Kohl government were constrained by the rigidities of the German polity (Section 1). However, high institutional barriers in Policy-making do not prevent paradigmatic Policy changes. Recent Labour Market reforms took place in a specific social and Labour Market Policy discourse, providing the ideational basis for Policy formulation and development. The core argument is that the social and Labour Market Policy paradigms informing Policy-makers had changed, whereby comprehensive changes in the Policy were triggered and blockages associated with veto points were resolved (Section 2).
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Europeanisation of German Labour Market Policy?: the European employment strategy scrutinised
German Politics, 2006Co-Authors: Timo FleckensteinAbstract:Considerable Policy change has been initiated with the recent Labour Market reforms in Germany. Discussing these reforms, commentators focused on the national factors driving these changes, while the ‘European’ dimension of Labour Market Policy-making was largely neglected. By contrast, in the literature on European social Policy, the capacity of the European Employment Strategy (EES) to contribute to domestic Policy change is much discussed. Accordingly, this article asks whether the neglect of the EES in the Labour Market Policy literature results in incomplete explanations of Policy change; or, put differently, did the EES possess the capacity to effectively Europeanise German Labour Market Policy? It is concluded that the EES did not possess the capacity to Europeanise German Labour Market Policy to any significant extent. Thus, its neglect appears to reflect the insignificance of the EES so far.
