The Experts below are selected from a list of 1518 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Yuan Cai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Lanthanum Chloride reduces lactate production in primary culture rat cortical astrocytes and suppresses primary co culture rat cortical astrocyte neuron lactate transport
Archives of Toxicology, 2018Co-Authors: Yaling Sun, Jinghua Yang, Xiang Gao, Shiyu Liu, Cuihong Jin, Yuan CaiAbstract:Lanthanum (La) can impair learning memory and induce behavioral abnormalities in animals. However, the mechanism underlying these adverse effects of La is still elusive. It has been demonstrated that lactate derived from astrocytes is the major energy source for neurons during long-term memory (LTM) formation and the deficiency of lactate supply can result in LTM damage. However, little work has been done with respect to the impact of La on the lactate production in astrocytes and astrocyte-neuron lactate transport (ANLT). Herein, experiments were undertaken to explore if there was such an adverse effect of La. Primary culture rat cortical astrocytes and primary co-culture rat cortical astrocyte-neuron were treated with (0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 mM) Lanthanum Chloride (LaCl3) for 24 h. The results showed that LaCl3 treatment significantly downregulated the mRNA and protein expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), glycogen synthase (GS), glycogen phosphorylase (GP), lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), and monocarboxylate transporter 1, 2 and 4 (MCT 1 2 and 4); upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB); and decreased the glycogen level, total LDH and GP activity, GS/p-GS ratio and lactate contents. Moreover, rolipram (20, 40 μM) or forskolin (20, 40 μM) could increase the lactate content by upregulating GP expression and the GS/p-GS ratio, as well as antagonize the effects of La. These results suggested that La-induced learning-memory damage was probably related to its suppression of lactate production in astrocytes and ANLT. This study provides some novel clues for clarifying the mechanism underlying the neurotoxicity of La.
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pathway in the hippocampus of rats
2016Co-Authors: Jinghua Yang, Bo Yan, Yan Bai, Lifeng Zhang, Linlin Zheng, Yuan CaiAbstract:Lanthanum (La) appears to impair learning and memory and increase the toxicity of excitatory amino acids in the central nervous system. The mechanism underlying excitotoxicity induced by La is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hippocampal impairment of La exposure and possible mechanism involving the glutamate–nitric oxide (NO)–30-50-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway. In this study, lactating rats were exposed to 0, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0 % Lanthanum Chloride (LaCl3) in drinking water, respectively. Their offsprings were exposed to LaCl3 by parental lactation and then administrated with 0, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0 % LaCl3 in drinking water for 1 month. The results showed that La exposure impaired the neuronal ultrastructure and significantly increased the glutamate level, intracellular calcium ion concentrations, and NR1 and NR2B expression in the hippocampi. La exposure significantly enhanced messenger RNA expression and activity levels of inducible NO synthase and increased NO and cGMP levels in the hippocampi in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicate that the mechanism underlying excitotoxicity induced by La is possibly due to alterations of the glutamate–NO–cGMP signaling pathway in the hippocampus. The study provides new findings that may help prevent and improve treatments for La-induced neurotoxicity
Peter B Kaufman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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changes in starch content in oat avena sativa shoot pulvini during the gravitropic response
Journal of Experimental Botany, 2001Co-Authors: Soochul Chang, Bin Goo Kang, Peter B KaufmanAbstract:In order to determine if components of the signal transduction pathway are involved in starch metabolism during the gravitropic response, the effects of inhibitors of phosphoprotein phosphatases and protein kinases (OA), and calcium channel blockers (LaCl 3 ), on gravitropic bending and starch levels in gravisensitive node/pulvini of oat shoots were examined. Among the compounds tested, okadaic acid (OA) and Lanthanum Chloride (LaCl 3 ) showed the strongest inhibitory effects on the negative gravitropic curvature response in oat shoot node pulvini. At the same time, they caused a rapid loss of starch in graviresponding pulvini based on a quantitative analysis of starch levels in the bending tissues over 48 h periods. These two compounds act initially to block the net increase in starch content that occurs during the early stages (0-9 h) in graviresponding oat shoot pulvini. As a result, starch levels drop precipitously in shoots treated with OA and LaCl 3 , starting at time zero of gravistimulation by reorientation. These findings suggest that protein dephosphorylation and calcium play a role in starch metabolism in oat shoot pulvini in response to a gravistimulation signal. They also indicate that the amount of starch present in the chloroplast gravisensors in oat shoot pulvini may determine the rate of upward bending in graviresponding pulvini.
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The role of calcium in growth induced by indole-3-acetic acid and gravity in the leaf-sheath pulvinus of oat (Avena sativa).
Journal of plant growth regulation, 1992Co-Authors: Thomas G. Brock, Najati S. Ghosheh, James Burg, Peter B KaufmanAbstract:Leaf-sheath pulvini of excised segments from oat (Avena sativa L.) were induced to grow by treatment with 10 μM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gravistimulation, or both, and the effects of calcium, EGTA, and calcium channel blockers on growth were evaluated. Unilaterally applied calcium (10 mM CaCl2) significantly inhibited IAA-induced growth in upright pulvini but had no effect on growth induced by either gravity or gravity plus IAA. Calcium alone had no effect on upright pulvini. The calcium chelator EGTA alone (10 mM) stimulated growth in upright pulvini. However, EGTA had no effect on either IAA-or gravity-induced growth but slightly diminished growth in IAA-treated gravistimulated pulvini. The calcium channel blockers Lanthanum Chloride (25 mM), verapamil (2.5 mM), and nifedipine (2.5 mM) greatly inhibited growth as induced by IAA (⩾50% inhibition) or IAA plus gravity (20% inhibition) but had no effect on gravistimulated pulvini. Combinations of channel blockers were similar in effect on IAA action as individual blockers. Since neither calcium ions nor EGTA significantly affected the graviresponse of pulvini, we conclude that apoplastic calcium is unimportant in leaf-sheath pulvinus gravitropism. The observation that calcium ions and calcium channel blockers inhibit IAA-induced growth, but have no effect on gravistimulated pulvini, further supports previous observations that gravistimulation alters the responsiveness of pulvini to IAA.
Yaling Sun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Lanthanum Chloride reduces lactate production in primary culture rat cortical astrocytes and suppresses primary co culture rat cortical astrocyte neuron lactate transport
Archives of Toxicology, 2018Co-Authors: Yaling Sun, Jinghua Yang, Xiang Gao, Shiyu Liu, Cuihong Jin, Yuan CaiAbstract:Lanthanum (La) can impair learning memory and induce behavioral abnormalities in animals. However, the mechanism underlying these adverse effects of La is still elusive. It has been demonstrated that lactate derived from astrocytes is the major energy source for neurons during long-term memory (LTM) formation and the deficiency of lactate supply can result in LTM damage. However, little work has been done with respect to the impact of La on the lactate production in astrocytes and astrocyte-neuron lactate transport (ANLT). Herein, experiments were undertaken to explore if there was such an adverse effect of La. Primary culture rat cortical astrocytes and primary co-culture rat cortical astrocyte-neuron were treated with (0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 mM) Lanthanum Chloride (LaCl3) for 24 h. The results showed that LaCl3 treatment significantly downregulated the mRNA and protein expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), glycogen synthase (GS), glycogen phosphorylase (GP), lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), and monocarboxylate transporter 1, 2 and 4 (MCT 1 2 and 4); upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB); and decreased the glycogen level, total LDH and GP activity, GS/p-GS ratio and lactate contents. Moreover, rolipram (20, 40 μM) or forskolin (20, 40 μM) could increase the lactate content by upregulating GP expression and the GS/p-GS ratio, as well as antagonize the effects of La. These results suggested that La-induced learning-memory damage was probably related to its suppression of lactate production in astrocytes and ANLT. This study provides some novel clues for clarifying the mechanism underlying the neurotoxicity of La.
Shiyu Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Lanthanum Chloride reduces lactate production in primary culture rat cortical astrocytes and suppresses primary co culture rat cortical astrocyte neuron lactate transport
Archives of Toxicology, 2018Co-Authors: Yaling Sun, Jinghua Yang, Xiang Gao, Shiyu Liu, Cuihong Jin, Yuan CaiAbstract:Lanthanum (La) can impair learning memory and induce behavioral abnormalities in animals. However, the mechanism underlying these adverse effects of La is still elusive. It has been demonstrated that lactate derived from astrocytes is the major energy source for neurons during long-term memory (LTM) formation and the deficiency of lactate supply can result in LTM damage. However, little work has been done with respect to the impact of La on the lactate production in astrocytes and astrocyte-neuron lactate transport (ANLT). Herein, experiments were undertaken to explore if there was such an adverse effect of La. Primary culture rat cortical astrocytes and primary co-culture rat cortical astrocyte-neuron were treated with (0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 mM) Lanthanum Chloride (LaCl3) for 24 h. The results showed that LaCl3 treatment significantly downregulated the mRNA and protein expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), glycogen synthase (GS), glycogen phosphorylase (GP), lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), and monocarboxylate transporter 1, 2 and 4 (MCT 1 2 and 4); upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB); and decreased the glycogen level, total LDH and GP activity, GS/p-GS ratio and lactate contents. Moreover, rolipram (20, 40 μM) or forskolin (20, 40 μM) could increase the lactate content by upregulating GP expression and the GS/p-GS ratio, as well as antagonize the effects of La. These results suggested that La-induced learning-memory damage was probably related to its suppression of lactate production in astrocytes and ANLT. This study provides some novel clues for clarifying the mechanism underlying the neurotoxicity of La.
Xiang Gao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Lanthanum Chloride reduces lactate production in primary culture rat cortical astrocytes and suppresses primary co culture rat cortical astrocyte neuron lactate transport
Archives of Toxicology, 2018Co-Authors: Yaling Sun, Jinghua Yang, Xiang Gao, Shiyu Liu, Cuihong Jin, Yuan CaiAbstract:Lanthanum (La) can impair learning memory and induce behavioral abnormalities in animals. However, the mechanism underlying these adverse effects of La is still elusive. It has been demonstrated that lactate derived from astrocytes is the major energy source for neurons during long-term memory (LTM) formation and the deficiency of lactate supply can result in LTM damage. However, little work has been done with respect to the impact of La on the lactate production in astrocytes and astrocyte-neuron lactate transport (ANLT). Herein, experiments were undertaken to explore if there was such an adverse effect of La. Primary culture rat cortical astrocytes and primary co-culture rat cortical astrocyte-neuron were treated with (0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 mM) Lanthanum Chloride (LaCl3) for 24 h. The results showed that LaCl3 treatment significantly downregulated the mRNA and protein expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), glycogen synthase (GS), glycogen phosphorylase (GP), lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), and monocarboxylate transporter 1, 2 and 4 (MCT 1 2 and 4); upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB); and decreased the glycogen level, total LDH and GP activity, GS/p-GS ratio and lactate contents. Moreover, rolipram (20, 40 μM) or forskolin (20, 40 μM) could increase the lactate content by upregulating GP expression and the GS/p-GS ratio, as well as antagonize the effects of La. These results suggested that La-induced learning-memory damage was probably related to its suppression of lactate production in astrocytes and ANLT. This study provides some novel clues for clarifying the mechanism underlying the neurotoxicity of La.
