The Experts below are selected from a list of 348 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Karen S. Slobod - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sendai virus is a safe and immunogenic Jennerian vaccine for human parainfluenza virus-type 1 in 3-6 year old children (VAC8P.1053)
Journal of Immunology, 2015Co-Authors: Rhiannon R Penkert, Pamela Freiden, Elisabeth E. Adderson, Kristen Branum, Bart G. Jones, Sherri L. Surman, Karen S. Slobod, Aditya H Gaur, Robert Sealy, Randall T. HaydenAbstract:Human parainfluenza viruses are responsible for tens of thousands of hospitalizations and hundreds of thousands of emergency room visits each year in the United States. Included in this group of viruses is human parainfluenza virus-type 1 (hPIV-1), the main causative agent of Laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) in young children, for which there is currently no licensed vaccine. In response to this need, we have developed a Jennerian vaccine that employs the use of murine PIV-1 (Sendai virus, SeV) to produce cross-reactive antibodies towards hPIV-1. The vaccine was administered as a single intranasal dose to healthy, hPIV-1 seropositive, 3-6 year old children in a dose escalation study (5 x 105, 5 x 106 or 5 x 107 EID50). Importantly, the vaccine was well tolerated by all participants. No replication of the viral vaccine was detected in the airway of any participant. Within four weeks of vaccination, most participants showed an increase in binding and neutralizing antibodies towards hPIV-1. For several participants, antibody responses remained elevated at six months post-vaccination. The results of this study suggest that hPIV-1 vaccination may be beneficial to boost immunity in seropositive children, and encourage testing of the vaccine in young, seronegative children who are most at risk for respiratory virus disease.
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safety and immunogenicity of an intranasal sendai virus based human parainfluenza virus type 1 vaccine in 3 to 6 year old children
Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 2015Co-Authors: Pamela Freiden, Elisabeth E. Adderson, Kristen Branum, Bart G. Jones, Sherri L. Surman, Karen S. Slobod, Rhiannon R Penkert, Robert E Sealy, Aditya H GaurAbstract:ABSTRACT Human parainfluenza virus type 1 (hPIV-1) is the most common cause of Laryngotracheobronchitis (croup), resulting in tens of thousands of hospitalizations each year in the United States alone. No licensed vaccine is yet available. We have developed murine PIV-1 (Sendai virus [SeV]) as a live Jennerian vaccine for hPIV-1. Here, we describe vaccine testing in healthy 3- to 6-year-old hPIV-1-seropositive children in a dose escalation study. One dose of the vaccine (5 × 105, 5 × 106, or 5 × 107 50% egg infectious doses) was delivered by the intranasal route to each study participant. The vaccine was well tolerated by all the study participants. There was no sign of vaccine virus replication in the airway in any participant. Most children exhibited an increase in antibody binding and neutralizing responses toward hPIV-1 within 4 weeks from the time of vaccination. In several children, antibody responses remained above incoming levels for at least 6 months after vaccination. Data suggest that SeV may provide a benefit to 3- to 6-year-old children, even when vaccine recipients have preexisting cross-reactive antibodies due to previous exposures to hPIV-1. Results encourage the testing of SeV administration in young seronegative children to protect against the serious respiratory tract diseases caused by hPIV-1 infections.
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safety and immunogenicity of intranasal murine parainfluenza virus type 1 sendai virus in healthy human adults
Vaccine, 2004Co-Authors: Karen S. Slobod, Jerry L Shenep, Jorge Lujanzilbermann, Kim J Allison, Brita Brown, Ruth Ann Scroggs, Allen Portner, Chris ColecloughAbstract:Abstract Human parainfluenza virus-type 1 (hPIV-1) is the most common cause of pediatric Laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) and results in close to 30,000 US hospitalizations each year [Ped. Inf. Dis. J. 20 (2001) 646]. No effective vaccine is available. We examined murine PIV-1 (Sendai virus, SeV) as a live, xenotropic vaccine for the closely related human PIV-1 in a phase I, dose escalation study in healthy adults. Intranasal Sendai virus was uniformly well-tolerated and showed evidence of immunogenicity in three of nine vaccinees despite pre-existing, cross-reactive immunity presumably induced by previous exposure to human PIV-1. Results encourage future trials to evaluate the efficacy of Sendai virus in preventing human PIV-1 infection in infants and children.
Elisabeth E. Adderson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sendai virus is a safe and immunogenic Jennerian vaccine for human parainfluenza virus-type 1 in 3-6 year old children (VAC8P.1053)
Journal of Immunology, 2015Co-Authors: Rhiannon R Penkert, Pamela Freiden, Elisabeth E. Adderson, Kristen Branum, Bart G. Jones, Sherri L. Surman, Karen S. Slobod, Aditya H Gaur, Robert Sealy, Randall T. HaydenAbstract:Human parainfluenza viruses are responsible for tens of thousands of hospitalizations and hundreds of thousands of emergency room visits each year in the United States. Included in this group of viruses is human parainfluenza virus-type 1 (hPIV-1), the main causative agent of Laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) in young children, for which there is currently no licensed vaccine. In response to this need, we have developed a Jennerian vaccine that employs the use of murine PIV-1 (Sendai virus, SeV) to produce cross-reactive antibodies towards hPIV-1. The vaccine was administered as a single intranasal dose to healthy, hPIV-1 seropositive, 3-6 year old children in a dose escalation study (5 x 105, 5 x 106 or 5 x 107 EID50). Importantly, the vaccine was well tolerated by all participants. No replication of the viral vaccine was detected in the airway of any participant. Within four weeks of vaccination, most participants showed an increase in binding and neutralizing antibodies towards hPIV-1. For several participants, antibody responses remained elevated at six months post-vaccination. The results of this study suggest that hPIV-1 vaccination may be beneficial to boost immunity in seropositive children, and encourage testing of the vaccine in young, seronegative children who are most at risk for respiratory virus disease.
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safety and immunogenicity of an intranasal sendai virus based human parainfluenza virus type 1 vaccine in 3 to 6 year old children
Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 2015Co-Authors: Pamela Freiden, Elisabeth E. Adderson, Kristen Branum, Bart G. Jones, Sherri L. Surman, Karen S. Slobod, Rhiannon R Penkert, Robert E Sealy, Aditya H GaurAbstract:ABSTRACT Human parainfluenza virus type 1 (hPIV-1) is the most common cause of Laryngotracheobronchitis (croup), resulting in tens of thousands of hospitalizations each year in the United States alone. No licensed vaccine is yet available. We have developed murine PIV-1 (Sendai virus [SeV]) as a live Jennerian vaccine for hPIV-1. Here, we describe vaccine testing in healthy 3- to 6-year-old hPIV-1-seropositive children in a dose escalation study. One dose of the vaccine (5 × 105, 5 × 106, or 5 × 107 50% egg infectious doses) was delivered by the intranasal route to each study participant. The vaccine was well tolerated by all the study participants. There was no sign of vaccine virus replication in the airway in any participant. Most children exhibited an increase in antibody binding and neutralizing responses toward hPIV-1 within 4 weeks from the time of vaccination. In several children, antibody responses remained above incoming levels for at least 6 months after vaccination. Data suggest that SeV may provide a benefit to 3- to 6-year-old children, even when vaccine recipients have preexisting cross-reactive antibodies due to previous exposures to hPIV-1. Results encourage the testing of SeV administration in young seronegative children to protect against the serious respiratory tract diseases caused by hPIV-1 infections.
Aditya H Gaur - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sendai virus is a safe and immunogenic Jennerian vaccine for human parainfluenza virus-type 1 in 3-6 year old children (VAC8P.1053)
Journal of Immunology, 2015Co-Authors: Rhiannon R Penkert, Pamela Freiden, Elisabeth E. Adderson, Kristen Branum, Bart G. Jones, Sherri L. Surman, Karen S. Slobod, Aditya H Gaur, Robert Sealy, Randall T. HaydenAbstract:Human parainfluenza viruses are responsible for tens of thousands of hospitalizations and hundreds of thousands of emergency room visits each year in the United States. Included in this group of viruses is human parainfluenza virus-type 1 (hPIV-1), the main causative agent of Laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) in young children, for which there is currently no licensed vaccine. In response to this need, we have developed a Jennerian vaccine that employs the use of murine PIV-1 (Sendai virus, SeV) to produce cross-reactive antibodies towards hPIV-1. The vaccine was administered as a single intranasal dose to healthy, hPIV-1 seropositive, 3-6 year old children in a dose escalation study (5 x 105, 5 x 106 or 5 x 107 EID50). Importantly, the vaccine was well tolerated by all participants. No replication of the viral vaccine was detected in the airway of any participant. Within four weeks of vaccination, most participants showed an increase in binding and neutralizing antibodies towards hPIV-1. For several participants, antibody responses remained elevated at six months post-vaccination. The results of this study suggest that hPIV-1 vaccination may be beneficial to boost immunity in seropositive children, and encourage testing of the vaccine in young, seronegative children who are most at risk for respiratory virus disease.
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safety and immunogenicity of an intranasal sendai virus based human parainfluenza virus type 1 vaccine in 3 to 6 year old children
Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 2015Co-Authors: Pamela Freiden, Elisabeth E. Adderson, Kristen Branum, Bart G. Jones, Sherri L. Surman, Karen S. Slobod, Rhiannon R Penkert, Robert E Sealy, Aditya H GaurAbstract:ABSTRACT Human parainfluenza virus type 1 (hPIV-1) is the most common cause of Laryngotracheobronchitis (croup), resulting in tens of thousands of hospitalizations each year in the United States alone. No licensed vaccine is yet available. We have developed murine PIV-1 (Sendai virus [SeV]) as a live Jennerian vaccine for hPIV-1. Here, we describe vaccine testing in healthy 3- to 6-year-old hPIV-1-seropositive children in a dose escalation study. One dose of the vaccine (5 × 105, 5 × 106, or 5 × 107 50% egg infectious doses) was delivered by the intranasal route to each study participant. The vaccine was well tolerated by all the study participants. There was no sign of vaccine virus replication in the airway in any participant. Most children exhibited an increase in antibody binding and neutralizing responses toward hPIV-1 within 4 weeks from the time of vaccination. In several children, antibody responses remained above incoming levels for at least 6 months after vaccination. Data suggest that SeV may provide a benefit to 3- to 6-year-old children, even when vaccine recipients have preexisting cross-reactive antibodies due to previous exposures to hPIV-1. Results encourage the testing of SeV administration in young seronegative children to protect against the serious respiratory tract diseases caused by hPIV-1 infections.
Charles M Myer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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diagnosis and management of croup and epiglottitis
Pediatric Clinics of North America, 1994Co-Authors: Wade R Cressman, Charles M MyerAbstract:Viral croup and epiglottitis are two major inflammatory causes of airway obstruction in children. Two conditions, spasmodic croup and membranous Laryngotracheobronchitis, are also frequent causes of obstruction on an inflammatory basis. Rapid diagnosis and effective management are required to ensure an uncomplicated outcome. The pharmacologic treatment, role and timing of endoscopy, and airway management principles are discussed.
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an approach to the diagnosis and treatment of membranous Laryngotracheobronchitis in infants and children
Pediatric Emergency Care, 1991Co-Authors: Patrick G Gallagher, Charles M MyerAbstract:The purpose of this study is to report 18 cases of membranous Laryngotracheobronchitis (MLTB) and to review 143 published cases in order to accurately characterize the epidemiology, presentation, clinical course, treatment, and outcome of patients with this disorder. The male:female ratio was 2:1; mean age was four years. Most patients presented with acute onset of respiratory distress with fever, toxicity, and stridor after a prodrome of upper respiratory tract infection lasting a few days. White blood cell counts varied over a wide range, and blood culture results were rarely positive. Respiratory cultures commonly yielded Staphylococcus aureus or Haemophilus influenzae. Diagnosis was usually confirmed by airway radiographs or endoscopy. An artificial airway was required in 83% of patients. Complications included respiratory failure, toxic shock syndrome, anoxic encephalopathy, and death. MLTB is a serious, potentially fatal cause of acute infectious airway obstruction in infants and children that requires an organized approach to diagnosis and management.
Bruce Benjamin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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review of intubation in severe Laryngotracheobronchitis
Pediatrics, 1991Co-Authors: Julie Mceniery, Jonathan Gillis, Henry Kilham, Bruce BenjaminAbstract:Of 208 children who required relief of severe airway obstruction due to Laryngotracheobronchitis by an artificial airway (nasotracheal intubation or tracheostomy) during a 10-year-period, 181 (87%) were intubated and later extubated. Twenty-seven children (13%) had tracheostomies performed. The tracheostomies were for severe subglottic narrowing precluding the passage of an adequate size endotracheal tube in 10 children, and for severe endotracheal tube trauma in 17 children. Five children developed acquired subglottic stenosis (2.4% of 208) and 1 of these has a retained tracheostomy. One child died of cardiac disease. The remaining 202 children had no long-term complications of Laryngotracheobronchitis, intubation, or tracheostomy. It is concluded that nasotracheal intubation is a satisfactory artificial airway for Laryngotracheobronchitis. Endoscopic evaluation in a selected group of these children will identify those with significant intubation trauma or severe subglottic narrowing in whom continued intubation may cause permanent subglottic damage. The low incidence of acquired subglottic stenosis in this series supports the practice of selective endoscopy and tracheostomy.
