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S. L. Mehta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Development of Regeneration Protocols to Exploit Somaclonal Variations in Lathyrus sativus for Developing Toxin Free Cultivar
    Focus on Biotechnology, 2003
    Co-Authors: S. L. Mehta, I. M. Santha
    Abstract:

    Lathyrus sativus is an important grain legume characterized to withstand drought and waterlogging conditions. Due to occurrence of a neurotoxin, β-N-oxalyl-diamino propionic acid, its prolonged consumption can cause lower limb paralysis. This chapter reviews in vitro regeneration protocols and biotechnological approaches for removal of antinutrient compounds from Lathyrus and improvement in its productivity and yield. Somaclones with high yield and low toxin content (less than 0.1%) have been developed by in vitro techniques.

  • Development of low ODAP somaclones of Lathyrus sativus.
    2001
    Co-Authors: I. M. Santha, S. L. Mehta
    Abstract:

    Lathyrus sativus is a grain legume high in protein (25-30%) that can be grown under limited moisture conditions. However, the Government of India has imposed a ban on its sale because of the association with human neurolathyrism in the population subsisting on it. Over the years, by mutation and conventional breeding, attempts were made to reduce the amount of oxalyl diamino propionic acid (ODAP), the chemical implicated in neurolathyrism. Although a decrease in ODAP was obtained, it was not stable. Therefore, biotechnological approaches offered the scope to develop strains that were either devoid of ODAP or contained low levels which were safe even with prolonged consumption. Intially reproducible in vitro regeneration protocols were not available. However, successful regeneration protocols were developed using leaf, root and internode explants of L. sativus cultivar P-24. About 300 in vitro regenerated plants were taken to the field, of which 102 survived and set seed. A wide range of

  • Effect of water stress on proline content and transcript levels in Lathyrus sativus.
    Indian journal of biochemistry & biophysics, 1999
    Co-Authors: Aruna Tyagi, I. M. Santha, S. L. Mehta
    Abstract:

    Response of Lathyrus sativus plants to water stress showed that ABA responsive genes such as PLE 25, TAS 14 and RAB 17 are synthesized constitutively, the levels of which decline gradually with increase in water stress or ABA levels. Proline accumulation was highest in leaves (65-fold) followed by stem (56-fold), root (38-fold) and marginal increase in etiolated seedlings. Proline increase was also observed in plant parts not exposed to light.

  • Molecular Characterisation of Low ODAP Somaclones of Lathyrus sativus
    Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 1999
    Co-Authors: Apratim Chakrabarti, I. M. Santha, S. L. Mehta
    Abstract:

    Somaclones of Lathyrus sativus having low ODAP contents were characterised at molecular level with respect to soluble protein pattern, esterase and ADH isozyme pattern, Southern hybridisation of genomic and mitochondrial DNA with specific probes. In 10-day-old seedling esterase isozyme pattern showed the presence of an unique band of Rm 0.73 in Bio L-12 and 15-8-1 and the absence of a band of Rm 0.80 in 15-8-1, as compared to parent and other somaclones. Southern hybridisation of genomic DNA with cDNA clone 29 showed an extra band of 13.5 kb in L-56 and 15-8-1 only. Hybridisation of mitochondrial DNA with mitochondrial specific ati ATPase probe showed differences with the pattern from Bio R-15 being unique. Some of these differences observed will be useful as marker for their identification.

  • RAPD Analysis of Lathyrus sativus Somaclones
    Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 1996
    Co-Authors: P. K. Mandal, I. M. Santha, S. L. Mehta
    Abstract:

    RAPD patterns were studied in seven somaclones of Lathyrus sativus having contrasting characteristics alongwith the parent cultivar P-24. Out of 81 decamer random primers used, 5 did not amplify and 24 revealed DNA polymorphism while the rest generated monomorphic banding patterns. Eight unique bands were amplified with different primers in four different somaclones. With most of the informative primers differences were observed between somaclones and also between some of the somaclones and parent cultivar P-24. More than 90% similarity in the RAPD patterns was evident among the somaclones and the parent cultivar P-24. Though it was not possible to identify a particular somaclone with a single primer, a combination of two or more primers could be employed to identify a somaclone.

I. M. Santha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Development of Regeneration Protocols to Exploit Somaclonal Variations in Lathyrus sativus for Developing Toxin Free Cultivar
    Focus on Biotechnology, 2003
    Co-Authors: S. L. Mehta, I. M. Santha
    Abstract:

    Lathyrus sativus is an important grain legume characterized to withstand drought and waterlogging conditions. Due to occurrence of a neurotoxin, β-N-oxalyl-diamino propionic acid, its prolonged consumption can cause lower limb paralysis. This chapter reviews in vitro regeneration protocols and biotechnological approaches for removal of antinutrient compounds from Lathyrus and improvement in its productivity and yield. Somaclones with high yield and low toxin content (less than 0.1%) have been developed by in vitro techniques.

  • Development of low ODAP somaclones of Lathyrus sativus.
    2001
    Co-Authors: I. M. Santha, S. L. Mehta
    Abstract:

    Lathyrus sativus is a grain legume high in protein (25-30%) that can be grown under limited moisture conditions. However, the Government of India has imposed a ban on its sale because of the association with human neurolathyrism in the population subsisting on it. Over the years, by mutation and conventional breeding, attempts were made to reduce the amount of oxalyl diamino propionic acid (ODAP), the chemical implicated in neurolathyrism. Although a decrease in ODAP was obtained, it was not stable. Therefore, biotechnological approaches offered the scope to develop strains that were either devoid of ODAP or contained low levels which were safe even with prolonged consumption. Intially reproducible in vitro regeneration protocols were not available. However, successful regeneration protocols were developed using leaf, root and internode explants of L. sativus cultivar P-24. About 300 in vitro regenerated plants were taken to the field, of which 102 survived and set seed. A wide range of

  • Effect of water stress on proline content and transcript levels in Lathyrus sativus.
    Indian journal of biochemistry & biophysics, 1999
    Co-Authors: Aruna Tyagi, I. M. Santha, S. L. Mehta
    Abstract:

    Response of Lathyrus sativus plants to water stress showed that ABA responsive genes such as PLE 25, TAS 14 and RAB 17 are synthesized constitutively, the levels of which decline gradually with increase in water stress or ABA levels. Proline accumulation was highest in leaves (65-fold) followed by stem (56-fold), root (38-fold) and marginal increase in etiolated seedlings. Proline increase was also observed in plant parts not exposed to light.

  • Molecular Characterisation of Low ODAP Somaclones of Lathyrus sativus
    Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 1999
    Co-Authors: Apratim Chakrabarti, I. M. Santha, S. L. Mehta
    Abstract:

    Somaclones of Lathyrus sativus having low ODAP contents were characterised at molecular level with respect to soluble protein pattern, esterase and ADH isozyme pattern, Southern hybridisation of genomic and mitochondrial DNA with specific probes. In 10-day-old seedling esterase isozyme pattern showed the presence of an unique band of Rm 0.73 in Bio L-12 and 15-8-1 and the absence of a band of Rm 0.80 in 15-8-1, as compared to parent and other somaclones. Southern hybridisation of genomic DNA with cDNA clone 29 showed an extra band of 13.5 kb in L-56 and 15-8-1 only. Hybridisation of mitochondrial DNA with mitochondrial specific ati ATPase probe showed differences with the pattern from Bio R-15 being unique. Some of these differences observed will be useful as marker for their identification.

  • RAPD Analysis of Lathyrus sativus Somaclones
    Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 1996
    Co-Authors: P. K. Mandal, I. M. Santha, S. L. Mehta
    Abstract:

    RAPD patterns were studied in seven somaclones of Lathyrus sativus having contrasting characteristics alongwith the parent cultivar P-24. Out of 81 decamer random primers used, 5 did not amplify and 24 revealed DNA polymorphism while the rest generated monomorphic banding patterns. Eight unique bands were amplified with different primers in four different somaclones. With most of the informative primers differences were observed between somaclones and also between some of the somaclones and parent cultivar P-24. More than 90% similarity in the RAPD patterns was evident among the somaclones and the parent cultivar P-24. Though it was not possible to identify a particular somaclone with a single primer, a combination of two or more primers could be employed to identify a somaclone.

Fernand Lambein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Enzymatic Formation of 2, 3-Diaminopropionic Acid, the Direct Precursor of the Neurotoxin β-ODAP, in Lathyrus sativus
    Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 1999
    Co-Authors: F Ikegami, Yu-haey Kuo, Akemi Yamamoto, Fernand Lambein
    Abstract:

    The enzymatic breakdown of beta-(isoxazolin-5-on-2-yl)-L-alanine (BIA) with formation of 2,3-diaminopropionic acid (DAPA), the direct precursor of the neurotoxin beta-ODAP in Lathyrus sativus, was confirmed in vitro. Some properties of the enzyme responsible for the biosynthesis of DAPA are described.

  • In vitro toxicological investigations of isoxazolinone amino acids of Lathyrus sativus
    Natural Toxins, 1995
    Co-Authors: Matthias W. Riepe, Fernand Lambein, Peter S. Spencer, Albert C. Ludolph, Charles N. Allen
    Abstract:

    Two non-protein amino acids of Lathyrus sativus, β-(isoxazoline-5-on-2-yl)-alanine (BIA) and its higher homologue α-amino-γ-Cisoxazoline-5-on-2-yl)-alanine (ACI) were tested for excitotoxic potential. BIA (0.5-2.0 mM) but not ACI (2.0 mM) produced a concentration-dependent neurodegeneration in mouse cortical explants. The neuronal damage was prevented by the prior and simultaneous application of 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX), indicating that it was mediated by non-N-methyl-D-aspartate type receptors. BIA (0,5-2.0 mM) activated CNQX-sensitive currents which were significantly smaller than those activated by 3-N-oxalyl-L-2,3-diaminopropanoic acid (β-ODAP) or α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid (AMPA) in the majority of neurons. In a small number of cells, BIA (2 mM) produced currents which were similar in amplitude to those activated by β-ODAP (50 μM). These results suggest that Lathyrus sativus plants engineered to block the synthesis of β-ODAP may accumulate a neurotoxic precursor and therefore must be tested for the presence of both BIA and β-ODAP. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

  • In vitro toxicological investigations of isoxazolinone amino acids of Lathyrus sativus.
    Natural Toxins, 1995
    Co-Authors: Matthias W. Riepe, Fernand Lambein, Peter S. Spencer, Albert C. Ludolph, Charles N. Allen
    Abstract:

    Two non-protein amino acids of Lathyrus sativus, beta-(isoxazoline-5-on-2-yl)-alanine (BIA) and its higher homologue alpha-amino-gamma-(isoxazoline-5-on-2-yl)-alanine (ACI) were tested for excitotoxic potential. BIA (0.5-2.0 mM) but not ACI (2.0 mM) produced a concentration-dependent neurodegeneration in mouse cortical explants. The neuronal damage was prevented by the prior and simultaneous application of 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX), indicating that it was mediated by non-N-methyl-D-aspartate type receptors. BIA (0.5-2.0 mM) activated CNQX-sensitive currents which were significantly smaller than those activated by 3-N-oxalyl-L-2,3-diaminopropanoic acid (beta-ODAP) or alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) in the majority of neurons. In a small number of cells, BIA (2 mM) produced currents which were similar in amplitude to those activated by beta-ODAP (50 microM). These results suggest that Lathyrus sativus plants engineered to block the synthesis of beta-ODAP may accumulate a neurotoxic precursor and therefore must be tested for the presence of both BIA and beta-ODAP.

  • Biosynthesis of the neurotoxin β-odap in developing pods of Lathyrus sativus
    Phytochemistry, 1994
    Co-Authors: Yu-haey Kuo, Jehangir K. Khan, Fernand Lambein
    Abstract:

    Abstract The biosynthesis of the Lathyrus neurotoxin 3- N -oxalyl- l -2,3-diaminopropanoic acid (β-ODAP) was examined in the ripening seeds and fruit of Lathyrus sativus . It was found that the incorporation of [ 14 C]-label from the precursor β-(isoxazolin-5-on-2-yl)-alanine into β-ODAP occurs in intact fruits as well as in separated pericarp and immature seeds, in both a high and low toxin variety. This incorporation gradually decreases in the pericarp while increasing in the maturing seed. Only in the final stage of maturity is the biosynthesis lower in the low toxin variety. In germinating seeds of Crotalaria incana this incorporation does not take place.

  • Biosynthesis of β-(isoxazolin-5-on-2-yl)-l-alanine by cysteine synthase in Lathyrus sativus
    Phytochemistry, 1993
    Co-Authors: Fumio Ikegami, Fernand Lambein, Godelieve Ongena, Ritsuko Sakai, Satoshi Itagaki, Masuko Kobori, Tsutomu Ishikawa, Yu-haey Kuo, Isamu Murakoshi
    Abstract:

    Abstract Two different forms of cysteine synthase (CSase) were purified from the grass pea ( Lathyrus sativus ), being separated by chromatography on DEAE-Sep

Moez Jebara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Heavy metal accumulation in Lathyrus sativus growing in contaminated soils and identification of symbiotic resistant bacteria.
    Archives of Microbiology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Souhir Abdelkrim, Salwa Harzalli Jebara, Omar Saadani, Manel Chiboub, Ghassen Abid, Khediri Mannai, Moez Jebara
    Abstract:

    In this study, two populations of leguminous plants Lathyrus sativus were grown in four soils that were collected from sites differently contaminated by heavy metals. Evaluations included basic soil properties, concentrations of major nutrients and four metals (copper, zinc, lead and cadmium) in these soils. Investigation of Lathyrus sativus response to contamination showed that the increase of heavy metal concentration in soils affected biomass of plant, number of nodules and plant metal uptake. Heavy metal tolerance of 46 isolated bacteria from the root nodules was evaluated and demonstrated that the maximum concentration of Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn tolerated by strains were 0.8, 2.5, 0.2, and 0.5 mM, respectively. Twenty-two isolates were tested for their effects on plant biomass production and nodule formation and showed that only R. leguminosarum nodulated Lathyrus sativus, while some bacteria improved the shoot and root dry biomass. Sequences of their 16S rDNA gene fragments were also obtained and evaluated for tentative identification of the isolates which revealed different bacterial genera represented by Rhizobium sp, Rhizobium leguminosarum, Sinorhizobium meliloti, Pseudomonas sp, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Luteibacter sp, Variovorax sp, Bacillus simplex and Bacillus megaterium. The existence of Pb- and Cd-resistant genes (PbrA and CadA) in these bacteria was determined by PCR, and it showed high homology with PbrA and CadA genes from other bacteria. The tested resistant population was able to accumulate high concentrations of Pb and Cd in all plant parts and, therefore, can be classified as a strong metal accumulator with suitable potential for phytoremediation of Pb and Cd polluted sites. Heavy metal resistant and efficient bacteria isolated from root nodules were chosen with Lathyrus sativus to form symbiotic associations for eventual bioremediation program, which could be tested to remove pollutants from contaminated sites.

  • effect of pb resistant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria inoculation on growth and lead uptake by Lathyrus sativus
    Journal of Basic Microbiology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Souhir Abdelkrim, Salwa Harzalli Jebara, Omar Saadani, Manel Chiboub, Ghassen Abid, Moez Jebara
    Abstract:

    In search of efficient and resistant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains with multiple activities, a total of twelve bacterial belonging to R. leguminosarum, S. meliloti, Pseudomonas sp., P. fluorescens, Luteibacter sp., Variovorax sp., B. simplex, and B. megaterium were isolated from root nodules of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) grown in contaminated soils. Upon screening, all test strains were able to synthesize indoleacetic acid; more than 90% were siderophore producers and 75% showed varying levels of phosphate solubilizing ability. The gaseous metabolite biosynthesis showed that 42% of strains were cyanogenic. The lead (Pb) bioaccumulation differs with incubation times between cell wall and cytoplasm. Indeed, the most part of Pb was adsorbed to cell surface. A pot experiment was conducted for investigating the capability of combined bacteria to promote plant growth of Lathyrus sativus under controlled conditions. Subsequently, the performance of symbiosis Lathyrus sativus-PGPR (I4: R. leguminosarum (M5) + B. simplex + Luteibacter sp. + Variovorax sp.) was investigated under lead stress using hydroponic culture to elucidate the effect of bacterial inoculation on Pb uptake as well as plant growth. Results showed that under 0.5 mM Pb, inoculation with I4 significantly increased shoots and roots biomass by 59% and 56%, respectively, and improved Pb uptake in both shoots and roots by 39% and 47%, respectively, as compared to uninoculated plants. The inoculation of Lathyrus sativus with efficient and Pb resistant PGPR is a promising symbiosis that having significant potential to improve phytoremediation of Pb-polluted soils.

  • Effect of Pb‐resistant plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria inoculation on growth and lead uptake by Lathyrus sativus
    Journal of Basic Microbiology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Souhir Abdelkrim, Salwa Harzalli Jebara, Omar Saadani, Manel Chiboub, Ghassen Abid, Moez Jebara
    Abstract:

    In search of efficient and resistant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains with multiple activities, a total of twelve bacterial belonging to R. leguminosarum, S. meliloti, Pseudomonas sp., P. fluorescens, Luteibacter sp., Variovorax sp., B. simplex, and B. megaterium were isolated from root nodules of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) grown in contaminated soils. Upon screening, all test strains were able to synthesize indoleacetic acid; more than 90% were siderophore producers and 75% showed varying levels of phosphate solubilizing ability. The gaseous metabolite biosynthesis showed that 42% of strains were cyanogenic. The lead (Pb) bioaccumulation differs with incubation times between cell wall and cytoplasm. Indeed, the most part of Pb was adsorbed to cell surface. A pot experiment was conducted for investigating the capability of combined bacteria to promote plant growth of Lathyrus sativus under controlled conditions. Subsequently, the performance of symbiosis Lathyrus sativus-PGPR (I4: R. leguminosarum (M5) + B. simplex + Luteibacter sp. + Variovorax sp.) was investigated under lead stress using hydroponic culture to elucidate the effect of bacterial inoculation on Pb uptake as well as plant growth. Results showed that under 0.5 mM Pb, inoculation with I4 significantly increased shoots and roots biomass by 59% and 56%, respectively, and improved Pb uptake in both shoots and roots by 39% and 47%, respectively, as compared to uninoculated plants. The inoculation of Lathyrus sativus with efficient and Pb resistant PGPR is a promising symbiosis that having significant potential to improve phytoremediation of Pb-polluted soils.

Dibyendu Talukdar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.