The Experts below are selected from a list of 40089 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jukka Rintala - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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screening of physical chemical methods for removal of organic material nitrogen and toxicity from low strength landfill Leachates
Chemosphere, 2002Co-Authors: Sanna Marttinen, Riitta Kettunen, Kai Sormunen, R M Soimasuo, Jukka RintalaAbstract:Abstract Physical–chemical methods have been suggested for the treatment of low strength municipal landfill Leachates. Therefore, applicability of nanofiltration and air stripping were screened in laboratory-scale for the removal of organic matter, ammonia, and toxicity from low strength Leachates (NH4-N 74–220 mg/l, chemical oxygen demand (COD) 190–920 mg O2/l, EC50=2–17% for Raphidocelis subcapitata). Ozonation was studied as well, but with the emphasis on enhancing biodegradability of Leachates. Nanofiltration (25 °C) removed 52–66% of COD and 27–50% of ammonia, the latter indicating that ammonia may in part have been present as ammonium salt complexes. Biological pretreatment enhanced the overall COD removal. Air stripping (24 h at pH 11) resulted in 89% and 64% ammonia removal at 20 and 6 °C, respectively, the stripping rate remaining below 10 mg N/l h. COD removals of 4–21% were obtained in stripping. Ozonation (20 °C) increased the concentration of rapidly biodegradable COD (RBCOD), but the proportion of RBCOD of total COD was still below 20%, indicating poor biological treatability. The effect of the different treatments on Leachate toxicity was assessed with the Daphnia acute toxicity test (Daphnia magna) and algal growth inhibition test (Raphidocelis subcapitata). None of the methods was effective in toxicity removal. By way of comparison, treatment in a full-scale biological plant decreased Leachate toxicity to half of the initial value. Although Leachate toxicity significantly correlated with COD and ammonia in untreated and treated Leachate, in some stripping and ozonation experiments toxicity was increased in spite of COD and ammonia removals.
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screening of physical chemical methods for removal of organic material nitrogen and toxicity from low strength landfill Leachates
Chemosphere, 2002Co-Authors: Sanna Marttinen, Riitta H Kettunen, Kai Sormunen, R M Soimasuo, Jukka RintalaAbstract:Physical-chemical methods have been suggested for the treatment of low strength municipal landfill Leachates. Therefore, applicability of nanofiltration and air stripping were screened in laboratory-scale for the removal of organic matter, ammonia, and toxicity from low strength Leachates (NH4-N 74-220 mg/l, chemical oxygen demand (COD) 190-920 mg O2/l, EC50 = 2-17% for Raphidocelis subcapitata). Ozonation was studied as well, but with the emphasis on enhancing biodegradability of Leachates. Nanofiltration (25 degrees C) removed 52-66% of COD and 27-50% of ammonia, the latter indicating that ammonia may in part have been present as ammonium salt complexes. Biological pretreatment enhanced the overall COD removal. Air stripping (24 h at pH 11) resulted in 89% and 64% ammonia removal at 20 and 6 degrees C, respectively, the stripping rate remaining below 10 mg N/l h. COD removals of 4-21% were obtained in stripping. Ozonation (20 degrees C) increased the concentration of rapidly biodegradable COD (RBCOD), but the proportion of RBCOD of total COD was still below 20% indicating poor biological treatability. The effect of the different treatments on Leachate toxicity was assessed with the Daphnia acute toxicity test (Daphnia magna) and algal growth inhibition test (Raphidcocelis subcapitata). None of the methods was effective in toxicity removal. By way of comparison, treatment in a full-scale biological plant decreased Leachate toxicity to half of the initial value. Although Leachate toxicity significantly correlated with COD and ammonia in untreated and treated Leachate, in some stripping and ozonation experiments toxicity was increased in spite of COD and ammonia removals.
Sanna Marttinen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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screening of physical chemical methods for removal of organic material nitrogen and toxicity from low strength landfill Leachates
Chemosphere, 2002Co-Authors: Sanna Marttinen, Riitta Kettunen, Kai Sormunen, R M Soimasuo, Jukka RintalaAbstract:Abstract Physical–chemical methods have been suggested for the treatment of low strength municipal landfill Leachates. Therefore, applicability of nanofiltration and air stripping were screened in laboratory-scale for the removal of organic matter, ammonia, and toxicity from low strength Leachates (NH4-N 74–220 mg/l, chemical oxygen demand (COD) 190–920 mg O2/l, EC50=2–17% for Raphidocelis subcapitata). Ozonation was studied as well, but with the emphasis on enhancing biodegradability of Leachates. Nanofiltration (25 °C) removed 52–66% of COD and 27–50% of ammonia, the latter indicating that ammonia may in part have been present as ammonium salt complexes. Biological pretreatment enhanced the overall COD removal. Air stripping (24 h at pH 11) resulted in 89% and 64% ammonia removal at 20 and 6 °C, respectively, the stripping rate remaining below 10 mg N/l h. COD removals of 4–21% were obtained in stripping. Ozonation (20 °C) increased the concentration of rapidly biodegradable COD (RBCOD), but the proportion of RBCOD of total COD was still below 20%, indicating poor biological treatability. The effect of the different treatments on Leachate toxicity was assessed with the Daphnia acute toxicity test (Daphnia magna) and algal growth inhibition test (Raphidocelis subcapitata). None of the methods was effective in toxicity removal. By way of comparison, treatment in a full-scale biological plant decreased Leachate toxicity to half of the initial value. Although Leachate toxicity significantly correlated with COD and ammonia in untreated and treated Leachate, in some stripping and ozonation experiments toxicity was increased in spite of COD and ammonia removals.
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screening of physical chemical methods for removal of organic material nitrogen and toxicity from low strength landfill Leachates
Chemosphere, 2002Co-Authors: Sanna Marttinen, Riitta H Kettunen, Kai Sormunen, R M Soimasuo, Jukka RintalaAbstract:Physical-chemical methods have been suggested for the treatment of low strength municipal landfill Leachates. Therefore, applicability of nanofiltration and air stripping were screened in laboratory-scale for the removal of organic matter, ammonia, and toxicity from low strength Leachates (NH4-N 74-220 mg/l, chemical oxygen demand (COD) 190-920 mg O2/l, EC50 = 2-17% for Raphidocelis subcapitata). Ozonation was studied as well, but with the emphasis on enhancing biodegradability of Leachates. Nanofiltration (25 degrees C) removed 52-66% of COD and 27-50% of ammonia, the latter indicating that ammonia may in part have been present as ammonium salt complexes. Biological pretreatment enhanced the overall COD removal. Air stripping (24 h at pH 11) resulted in 89% and 64% ammonia removal at 20 and 6 degrees C, respectively, the stripping rate remaining below 10 mg N/l h. COD removals of 4-21% were obtained in stripping. Ozonation (20 degrees C) increased the concentration of rapidly biodegradable COD (RBCOD), but the proportion of RBCOD of total COD was still below 20% indicating poor biological treatability. The effect of the different treatments on Leachate toxicity was assessed with the Daphnia acute toxicity test (Daphnia magna) and algal growth inhibition test (Raphidcocelis subcapitata). None of the methods was effective in toxicity removal. By way of comparison, treatment in a full-scale biological plant decreased Leachate toxicity to half of the initial value. Although Leachate toxicity significantly correlated with COD and ammonia in untreated and treated Leachate, in some stripping and ozonation experiments toxicity was increased in spite of COD and ammonia removals.
Renzun Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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application of fenton s reagent as a polishing step for removal of uv quenching organic constituents in biologically treated landfill Leachates
Chemosphere, 2014Co-Authors: Abhinav Gupta, John T Novak, Renzun Zhao, Douglas C GoldsmithAbstract:When landfill Leachate, with or without biological pretreatment, is discharged to publically owned treatment works (POTWs), it can interfere with the installed treatment facilities. Biological treatment is ineffective for the removal of some of the bio-refractory organic matter, including UV254 quenching substances. Fenton’s reagent treatment for biologically treated landfill Leachates is examined in this study as a polishing step to make landfill Leachates acceptable to POTWs. The optimum conditions for the Fenton’s reagent treatment are explored. The molecular weight and hydrophobic–hydrophilic nature based fractions of the Fenton’s treated Leachate samples are analyzed to provide insight into the Leachate fractions targeted by the Fenton’s reagent. The results indicate that Fenton’s reagent can act as a good compliment to biological treatment as it can remove Leachate fractions which are widely considered to be bio-refractory. It exhibited good UV254 absorbance removal by removing larger molecular weight humic substances and thus, can help solve the UV254 quenching problem due to Leachates discharged to POTWs.
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characterization and treatment of organic constituents in landfill Leachates that influence the uv disinfection in the publicly owned treatment works potws
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2013Co-Authors: Renzun Zhao, John T Novak, Abhinav Gupta, Douglas C Goldsmith, Natalie M DriskillAbstract:Landfill Leachates strongly quench UV light. When discharged to POTWs, Leachates can interfere with UV disinfection. To investigate the UV quenching problem of landfill Leachates, a variety of landfill Leachates with a range of conditions were collected and characterized. The UV blocking component was found to be resistant to biological degradation so they pass through wastewater treatment plants and impact the subsequent UV disinfection system. Leachate samples were fractionated into humic acids (HAs), fulvic Acids (FAs) and hydrophilic (Hpi) fractions to investigate the source of UV absorbing materials. Results show that for all Leachates examined, the specific UV254 absorbance (SUVA254) of the three fractions follows: HA>FA>Hpi. However, the overall UV254 absorbance of the Hpi fraction was important because there was more hydrophilic organic matter than humic or fulvic acids. The size distribution was also investigated to provide information about the potential for membrane treatment. It was found that the size distribution of the three fractions follows: HA>FA>Hpi. This indicates that membrane separation following biological treatment is a promising technology for removal of humic substances from landfill Leachates. Leachate samples treated in this manner could meet the UV transmittance requirement of the POTWs.
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evaluation of on site biological treatment for landfill Leachates and its impact a size distribution study
Water Research, 2012Co-Authors: Renzun Zhao, John T Novak, Douglas C GoldsmithAbstract:Abstract A cost effective and widely applied approach for landfill Leachate disposal is to discharge it to a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The recalcitrant nature of Leachate organics and the impact on the downstream WWTPs were comprehensively investigated in this study. Size fractionation by ultrafiltration (UF) and microfiltration (MF) was employed in conjunction with various analyses (TOC, COD, nitrogen species and UV254 absorbance) on raw and biologically treated landfill Leachates to provide insight into biological treatability. Overall, landfill Leachate organics showed bio-refractory properties. Less than half of the organic matter, measured as total organic carbon (TOC), could be removed in the biological processes examined. Size distribution data showed that the
Douglas C Goldsmith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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application of fenton s reagent as a polishing step for removal of uv quenching organic constituents in biologically treated landfill Leachates
Chemosphere, 2014Co-Authors: Abhinav Gupta, John T Novak, Renzun Zhao, Douglas C GoldsmithAbstract:When landfill Leachate, with or without biological pretreatment, is discharged to publically owned treatment works (POTWs), it can interfere with the installed treatment facilities. Biological treatment is ineffective for the removal of some of the bio-refractory organic matter, including UV254 quenching substances. Fenton’s reagent treatment for biologically treated landfill Leachates is examined in this study as a polishing step to make landfill Leachates acceptable to POTWs. The optimum conditions for the Fenton’s reagent treatment are explored. The molecular weight and hydrophobic–hydrophilic nature based fractions of the Fenton’s treated Leachate samples are analyzed to provide insight into the Leachate fractions targeted by the Fenton’s reagent. The results indicate that Fenton’s reagent can act as a good compliment to biological treatment as it can remove Leachate fractions which are widely considered to be bio-refractory. It exhibited good UV254 absorbance removal by removing larger molecular weight humic substances and thus, can help solve the UV254 quenching problem due to Leachates discharged to POTWs.
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characterization and treatment of organic constituents in landfill Leachates that influence the uv disinfection in the publicly owned treatment works potws
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2013Co-Authors: Renzun Zhao, John T Novak, Abhinav Gupta, Douglas C Goldsmith, Natalie M DriskillAbstract:Landfill Leachates strongly quench UV light. When discharged to POTWs, Leachates can interfere with UV disinfection. To investigate the UV quenching problem of landfill Leachates, a variety of landfill Leachates with a range of conditions were collected and characterized. The UV blocking component was found to be resistant to biological degradation so they pass through wastewater treatment plants and impact the subsequent UV disinfection system. Leachate samples were fractionated into humic acids (HAs), fulvic Acids (FAs) and hydrophilic (Hpi) fractions to investigate the source of UV absorbing materials. Results show that for all Leachates examined, the specific UV254 absorbance (SUVA254) of the three fractions follows: HA>FA>Hpi. However, the overall UV254 absorbance of the Hpi fraction was important because there was more hydrophilic organic matter than humic or fulvic acids. The size distribution was also investigated to provide information about the potential for membrane treatment. It was found that the size distribution of the three fractions follows: HA>FA>Hpi. This indicates that membrane separation following biological treatment is a promising technology for removal of humic substances from landfill Leachates. Leachate samples treated in this manner could meet the UV transmittance requirement of the POTWs.
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evaluation of on site biological treatment for landfill Leachates and its impact a size distribution study
Water Research, 2012Co-Authors: Renzun Zhao, John T Novak, Douglas C GoldsmithAbstract:Abstract A cost effective and widely applied approach for landfill Leachate disposal is to discharge it to a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The recalcitrant nature of Leachate organics and the impact on the downstream WWTPs were comprehensively investigated in this study. Size fractionation by ultrafiltration (UF) and microfiltration (MF) was employed in conjunction with various analyses (TOC, COD, nitrogen species and UV254 absorbance) on raw and biologically treated landfill Leachates to provide insight into biological treatability. Overall, landfill Leachate organics showed bio-refractory properties. Less than half of the organic matter, measured as total organic carbon (TOC), could be removed in the biological processes examined. Size distribution data showed that the
Kai Sormunen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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screening of physical chemical methods for removal of organic material nitrogen and toxicity from low strength landfill Leachates
Chemosphere, 2002Co-Authors: Sanna Marttinen, Riitta Kettunen, Kai Sormunen, R M Soimasuo, Jukka RintalaAbstract:Abstract Physical–chemical methods have been suggested for the treatment of low strength municipal landfill Leachates. Therefore, applicability of nanofiltration and air stripping were screened in laboratory-scale for the removal of organic matter, ammonia, and toxicity from low strength Leachates (NH4-N 74–220 mg/l, chemical oxygen demand (COD) 190–920 mg O2/l, EC50=2–17% for Raphidocelis subcapitata). Ozonation was studied as well, but with the emphasis on enhancing biodegradability of Leachates. Nanofiltration (25 °C) removed 52–66% of COD and 27–50% of ammonia, the latter indicating that ammonia may in part have been present as ammonium salt complexes. Biological pretreatment enhanced the overall COD removal. Air stripping (24 h at pH 11) resulted in 89% and 64% ammonia removal at 20 and 6 °C, respectively, the stripping rate remaining below 10 mg N/l h. COD removals of 4–21% were obtained in stripping. Ozonation (20 °C) increased the concentration of rapidly biodegradable COD (RBCOD), but the proportion of RBCOD of total COD was still below 20%, indicating poor biological treatability. The effect of the different treatments on Leachate toxicity was assessed with the Daphnia acute toxicity test (Daphnia magna) and algal growth inhibition test (Raphidocelis subcapitata). None of the methods was effective in toxicity removal. By way of comparison, treatment in a full-scale biological plant decreased Leachate toxicity to half of the initial value. Although Leachate toxicity significantly correlated with COD and ammonia in untreated and treated Leachate, in some stripping and ozonation experiments toxicity was increased in spite of COD and ammonia removals.
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screening of physical chemical methods for removal of organic material nitrogen and toxicity from low strength landfill Leachates
Chemosphere, 2002Co-Authors: Sanna Marttinen, Riitta H Kettunen, Kai Sormunen, R M Soimasuo, Jukka RintalaAbstract:Physical-chemical methods have been suggested for the treatment of low strength municipal landfill Leachates. Therefore, applicability of nanofiltration and air stripping were screened in laboratory-scale for the removal of organic matter, ammonia, and toxicity from low strength Leachates (NH4-N 74-220 mg/l, chemical oxygen demand (COD) 190-920 mg O2/l, EC50 = 2-17% for Raphidocelis subcapitata). Ozonation was studied as well, but with the emphasis on enhancing biodegradability of Leachates. Nanofiltration (25 degrees C) removed 52-66% of COD and 27-50% of ammonia, the latter indicating that ammonia may in part have been present as ammonium salt complexes. Biological pretreatment enhanced the overall COD removal. Air stripping (24 h at pH 11) resulted in 89% and 64% ammonia removal at 20 and 6 degrees C, respectively, the stripping rate remaining below 10 mg N/l h. COD removals of 4-21% were obtained in stripping. Ozonation (20 degrees C) increased the concentration of rapidly biodegradable COD (RBCOD), but the proportion of RBCOD of total COD was still below 20% indicating poor biological treatability. The effect of the different treatments on Leachate toxicity was assessed with the Daphnia acute toxicity test (Daphnia magna) and algal growth inhibition test (Raphidcocelis subcapitata). None of the methods was effective in toxicity removal. By way of comparison, treatment in a full-scale biological plant decreased Leachate toxicity to half of the initial value. Although Leachate toxicity significantly correlated with COD and ammonia in untreated and treated Leachate, in some stripping and ozonation experiments toxicity was increased in spite of COD and ammonia removals.
