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Jeanne Kjær - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pesticide Leaching through sandy and loamy fields long term lessons learnt from the danish pesticide Leaching Assessment programme
Environmental Pollution, 2015Co-Authors: Annette E. Rosenbom, Ruth Grant, Walter Brüsch, Jeanne Kjær, Preben Olsen, Rene K Juhler, Finn PlauborgAbstract:The European Union authorization procedure for pesticides includes an Assessment of the Leaching risk posed by pesticides and their degradation products (DP) with the aim of avoiding any unacceptable influence on groundwater. Twelve-year's results of the Danish Pesticide Leaching Assessment Programme reveal shortcomings to the procedure by having assessed Leaching into groundwater of 43 pesticides applied in accordance with current regulations on agricultural fields, and 47 of their DP. Three types of Leaching scenario were not fully captured by the procedure: long-term Leaching of DP of pesticides applied on potato crops cultivated in sand, Leaching of strongly sorbing pesticides after autumn application on loam, and Leaching of various pesticides and their DP following early summer application on loam. Rapid preferential transport that bypasses the retardation of the plow layer primarily in autumn, but also during early summer, seems to dominate Leaching in a number of those scenarios.
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Pesticide Leaching through sandy and loamy fields – Long-term lessons learnt from the Danish Pesticide Leaching Assessment Programme
Environmental Pollution, 2015Co-Authors: Annette E. Rosenbom, Ruth Grant, Walter Brüsch, Preben Olsen, Rene K Juhler, Finn Plauborg, Jeanne KjærAbstract:Abstract The European Union authorization procedure for pesticides includes an Assessment of the Leaching risk posed by pesticides and their degradation products (DP) with the aim of avoiding any unacceptable influence on groundwater. Twelve-year's results of the Danish Pesticide Leaching Assessment Programme reveal shortcomings to the procedure by having assessed Leaching into groundwater of 43 pesticides applied in accordance with current regulations on agricultural fields, and 47 of their DP. Three types of Leaching scenario were not fully captured by the procedure: long-term Leaching of DP of pesticides applied on potato crops cultivated in sand, Leaching of strongly sorbing pesticides after autumn application on loam, and Leaching of various pesticides and their DP following early summer application on loam. Rapid preferential transport that bypasses the retardation of the plow layer primarily in autumn, but also during early summer, seems to dominate Leaching in a number of those scenarios.
Preben Olsen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Monitoring of pesticide Leaching from cultivated fields in Denmark
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin, 2016Co-Authors: Walter Brüsch, Annette E. Rosenbom, Nora Badawi, Preben OlsenAbstract:The Danish Pesticide Leaching Assessment Programme (PLAP) was initiated in 1998 by the Danish Parliament in order to evaluate whether the use of approved pesticides will result in an unacceptable contamination of the groundwater, if applied under field conditions in accordance with current Danish regulation. In this programme, water samples from variably saturated soil and groundwater collected at five cultivated fields are analysed for selected pesticides and their degradation products. The PLAP results are summarised and evaluated in yearly reports and used by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency in the regulation of pesticides in Denmark (Brüsch et al. 2015). In order to represent typical farming scenarios in Denmark, the test fields are situated on meltwater and marine sands, and on tile-drained clayey soils in till areas.
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pesticide Leaching through sandy and loamy fields long term lessons learnt from the danish pesticide Leaching Assessment programme
Environmental Pollution, 2015Co-Authors: Annette E. Rosenbom, Ruth Grant, Walter Brüsch, Jeanne Kjær, Preben Olsen, Rene K Juhler, Finn PlauborgAbstract:The European Union authorization procedure for pesticides includes an Assessment of the Leaching risk posed by pesticides and their degradation products (DP) with the aim of avoiding any unacceptable influence on groundwater. Twelve-year's results of the Danish Pesticide Leaching Assessment Programme reveal shortcomings to the procedure by having assessed Leaching into groundwater of 43 pesticides applied in accordance with current regulations on agricultural fields, and 47 of their DP. Three types of Leaching scenario were not fully captured by the procedure: long-term Leaching of DP of pesticides applied on potato crops cultivated in sand, Leaching of strongly sorbing pesticides after autumn application on loam, and Leaching of various pesticides and their DP following early summer application on loam. Rapid preferential transport that bypasses the retardation of the plow layer primarily in autumn, but also during early summer, seems to dominate Leaching in a number of those scenarios.
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Pesticide Leaching through sandy and loamy fields – Long-term lessons learnt from the Danish Pesticide Leaching Assessment Programme
Environmental Pollution, 2015Co-Authors: Annette E. Rosenbom, Ruth Grant, Walter Brüsch, Preben Olsen, Rene K Juhler, Finn Plauborg, Jeanne KjærAbstract:Abstract The European Union authorization procedure for pesticides includes an Assessment of the Leaching risk posed by pesticides and their degradation products (DP) with the aim of avoiding any unacceptable influence on groundwater. Twelve-year's results of the Danish Pesticide Leaching Assessment Programme reveal shortcomings to the procedure by having assessed Leaching into groundwater of 43 pesticides applied in accordance with current regulations on agricultural fields, and 47 of their DP. Three types of Leaching scenario were not fully captured by the procedure: long-term Leaching of DP of pesticides applied on potato crops cultivated in sand, Leaching of strongly sorbing pesticides after autumn application on loam, and Leaching of various pesticides and their DP following early summer application on loam. Rapid preferential transport that bypasses the retardation of the plow layer primarily in autumn, but also during early summer, seems to dominate Leaching in a number of those scenarios.
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Leaching of pesticides from potato-growing on a sandy soil, assessed from a field study
2001Co-Authors: B. Lindhardt, J. Kjaer, Preben OlsenAbstract:The Leaching of 3 pesticides (mancozeb, linuron, metribuzin) was evaluated under field conditions within the Danish Pesticides Leaching Assessment Programme. This article presents result from potato growing on a sandy soil situated in northern Jutland in the season 1999. All applications were carried out in accordance with normal agricultural practices. Pesticide application was moreover supported by a tracer application of bromide. Bromide and pesticide were subsequently measured with monthly intervals in both the unsaturated and saturated zone using suction cups and monitoring wells respectively. Bromide has been detected both in the suction cups and in one of the monitoring wells. Within the first year there has not been detected any Leaching of ETU, a transformation product from mancozeb, or linuron. The transformation products from metribuzin: desamino-diketo-metribuzin and diketo-metribuzin were leached to the suction cups 2 m b. s. Diketo-metribuzin occurs in the highest concentrations, up to 2.1 μg/l, in the suction cups 1 m b. s. The two transformation products were also detected in the groundwater, up to 0.33 μg/l. It is, however, suggested that the occurrence of desamino-diketo-metribuzin and diketo-metribuzin in the groundwater derive from an earlier application.
Annette E. Rosenbom - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Monitoring of pesticide Leaching from cultivated fields in Denmark
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin, 2016Co-Authors: Walter Brüsch, Annette E. Rosenbom, Nora Badawi, Preben OlsenAbstract:The Danish Pesticide Leaching Assessment Programme (PLAP) was initiated in 1998 by the Danish Parliament in order to evaluate whether the use of approved pesticides will result in an unacceptable contamination of the groundwater, if applied under field conditions in accordance with current Danish regulation. In this programme, water samples from variably saturated soil and groundwater collected at five cultivated fields are analysed for selected pesticides and their degradation products. The PLAP results are summarised and evaluated in yearly reports and used by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency in the regulation of pesticides in Denmark (Brüsch et al. 2015). In order to represent typical farming scenarios in Denmark, the test fields are situated on meltwater and marine sands, and on tile-drained clayey soils in till areas.
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pesticide Leaching through sandy and loamy fields long term lessons learnt from the danish pesticide Leaching Assessment programme
Environmental Pollution, 2015Co-Authors: Annette E. Rosenbom, Ruth Grant, Walter Brüsch, Jeanne Kjær, Preben Olsen, Rene K Juhler, Finn PlauborgAbstract:The European Union authorization procedure for pesticides includes an Assessment of the Leaching risk posed by pesticides and their degradation products (DP) with the aim of avoiding any unacceptable influence on groundwater. Twelve-year's results of the Danish Pesticide Leaching Assessment Programme reveal shortcomings to the procedure by having assessed Leaching into groundwater of 43 pesticides applied in accordance with current regulations on agricultural fields, and 47 of their DP. Three types of Leaching scenario were not fully captured by the procedure: long-term Leaching of DP of pesticides applied on potato crops cultivated in sand, Leaching of strongly sorbing pesticides after autumn application on loam, and Leaching of various pesticides and their DP following early summer application on loam. Rapid preferential transport that bypasses the retardation of the plow layer primarily in autumn, but also during early summer, seems to dominate Leaching in a number of those scenarios.
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Pesticide Leaching through sandy and loamy fields – Long-term lessons learnt from the Danish Pesticide Leaching Assessment Programme
Environmental Pollution, 2015Co-Authors: Annette E. Rosenbom, Ruth Grant, Walter Brüsch, Preben Olsen, Rene K Juhler, Finn Plauborg, Jeanne KjærAbstract:Abstract The European Union authorization procedure for pesticides includes an Assessment of the Leaching risk posed by pesticides and their degradation products (DP) with the aim of avoiding any unacceptable influence on groundwater. Twelve-year's results of the Danish Pesticide Leaching Assessment Programme reveal shortcomings to the procedure by having assessed Leaching into groundwater of 43 pesticides applied in accordance with current regulations on agricultural fields, and 47 of their DP. Three types of Leaching scenario were not fully captured by the procedure: long-term Leaching of DP of pesticides applied on potato crops cultivated in sand, Leaching of strongly sorbing pesticides after autumn application on loam, and Leaching of various pesticides and their DP following early summer application on loam. Rapid preferential transport that bypasses the retardation of the plow layer primarily in autumn, but also during early summer, seems to dominate Leaching in a number of those scenarios.
Jingjing Deng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Leaching characteristics of heavy metals and brominated flame retardants from waste printed circuit boards.
Journal of hazardous materials, 2012Co-Authors: Xiaoyu Zhou, Jie Guo, Kuangfei Lin, Kai Huang, Jingjing DengAbstract:Leaching Assessment on five heavy metals (copper, zinc, lead, nickel and cadmium) and two brominated flame retardants (BFRs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), from waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) were conducted using various Leaching methods. The mean Leaching concentrations of copper were the highest in both toxicity characteristic Leaching procedures (TCLP) and synthetic precipitation Leaching procedures (SPLP) tests at 8.6 mg/L and 1.1mg/L, while only lead (6.2mg/L) exceeded the TCLP criteria and Chinese EPA regulatory limit (both 5.0mg/L). However, PBDEs and TBBPA were not detected in TCLP and SPLP tests. Then the BFRs Leaching trends and potential leachabilities were further investigated in actual landfill leachates using a modified method. Leaching characteristics that fast-Leaching initially followed by slow-desorption over time were generally observed. In landfill leachate tests, the highest Leaching concentrations of PBDEs and TBBPA were determined at 30.39 and 12.27 μg/L. Meanwhile, the highest Leaching rates were estimated to reach 0.08% and 1.00%, respectively, which were significantly influenced by the dissolved organic carbon contents of extracts, the hydrophobicities of target BFRs and the specific surface areas of WPCBs materials. These results proved that Leaching from WPCBs was a significant emission source of BFRs in landfill and electronic waste recycling dumpsite.
Wouter Schroeyers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Radiological and Leaching Assessment of an ettringite-based mortar from ladle slag and phosphogypsum
Cement and Concrete Research, 2020Co-Authors: Katrijn Gijbels, Hoang Nguyen, Paivo Kinnunen, Pieter Samyn, Wouter Schroeyers, Yiannis Pontikes, Sonja Schreurs, Mirja IllikainenAbstract:Abstract In this investigation, ettringite-based mortars were synthesized from ladle slag (LS) and phosphogypsum (PG), promoting the concept of a circular economy. However, the reuse of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM), such as PG, requires radiological investigation. Also, the immobilization degree for contaminants contained in PG should be evaluated. The former was investigated using gamma spectroscopy and radon exhalation/emanation tests, while the latter was assessed using an up-flow percolation column test according to the CEN/TS 16637-3. The produced mortars comply with current legislation on naturally occurring radionuclides (NOR) in building materials, proving that they can be safely used for building purposes. The radon emanation decreased upon increasing the Polish PG content, which was mainly determined by the microporosity. The specific surface areas were 20–30 times lower than conventional cement, and the immobilization degree for contaminants was generally high (>90%). This investigation demonstrates high potential for PG reuse in ettringite-based mortars.
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radiological and non radiological Leaching Assessment of alkali activated materials containing ground granulated blast furnace slag and phosphogypsum
Science of The Total Environment, 2019Co-Authors: Katrijn Gijbels, Pieter Samyn, Yiannis Pontikes, Sonja Schreurs, Sheldon Landsberger, Remus Ion Iacobescu, Wouter SchroeyersAbstract:Abstract Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) based on ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and phosphogypsum (PG) were investigated in order to quantify Leaching of naturally occurring radionuclides (NOR) and inorganic non-radiological elements according to an up-flow percolation column test as described in CEN/TS 16637-3. Gamma spectroscopy and neutron activation analysis (NAA) were applied for radiological characterization, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and ion-chromatography (IC) for chemical characterization. Upon Leaching, 238U, 226Ra, 210Pb, and 228Ra were retained very well. Both for 232Th and 40K, a decrease in activity concentration was observed due to Leaching and their release was influenced by the use of different alkali activators, which was also the case for the Leaching of non-radiological elements. Only a small amount of Al (0.5–0.8%), Ca (0.1–0.2%) and Si (0.1–0.3%) was mobilized, while highest release was observed for K (56–94%), Na (49–88%) and S (71–87%). At first glance, drinking water is not endangered by Leaching of NOR following the requirements of the European Drinking Water Directive. From the results for porosity, obtained with mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), it was concluded that both the porosity and formation of multiple leachable and non-leachable complexes are determining factors for the release of elements from AAMs.
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Radiological and non-radiological Leaching Assessment of alkali-activated materials containing ground granulated blast furnace slag and phosphogypsum.
The Science of the total environment, 2019Co-Authors: Katrijn Gijbels, Pieter Samyn, Yiannis Pontikes, Sonja Schreurs, Sheldon Landsberger, Remus Ion Iacobescu, Wouter SchroeyersAbstract:Abstract Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) based on ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and phosphogypsum (PG) were investigated in order to quantify Leaching of naturally occurring radionuclides (NOR) and inorganic non-radiological elements according to an up-flow percolation column test as described in CEN/TS 16637-3. Gamma spectroscopy and neutron activation analysis (NAA) were applied for radiological characterization, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and ion-chromatography (IC) for chemical characterization. Upon Leaching, 238U, 226Ra, 210Pb, and 228Ra were retained very well. Both for 232Th and 40K, a decrease in activity concentration was observed due to Leaching and their release was influenced by the use of different alkali activators, which was also the case for the Leaching of non-radiological elements. Only a small amount of Al (0.5–0.8%), Ca (0.1–0.2%) and Si (0.1–0.3%) was mobilized, while highest release was observed for K (56–94%), Na (49–88%) and S (71–87%). At first glance, drinking water is not endangered by Leaching of NOR following the requirements of the European Drinking Water Directive. From the results for porosity, obtained with mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), it was concluded that both the porosity and formation of multiple leachable and non-leachable complexes are determining factors for the release of elements from AAMs.