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Mohammad Zandi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • interpretation of standard Leaching Test bs en 12457 2 is your sample hazardous or inert
    Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 2007
    Co-Authors: Mohammad Zandi, Nigel V Russell, R G J Edyvean, R J Hand, Philip Ward
    Abstract:

    A slag sample from a lead refiner has been obtained and given to two analytical laboratories to determine the release of trace elements from the sample according to BS EN 12457-2. Samples analysed by one laboratory passed waste acceptance criteria, leading it to be classified as an inert material; samples of the same material analysed by the other laboratory failed waste acceptance criteria and were classified as hazardous. It was found that the sample preparation procedure is the critical step in the Leaching analysis and that the effects of particle size on leachability should be taken into account when using this standard. The purpose of this paper is to open a debate on designing a better defined standard Leaching Test and making current waste acceptance criteria more flexible.

  • design of a Leaching Test framework for coal fly ash accounting for environmental conditions
    Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2007
    Co-Authors: Mohammad Zandi, Nigel V Russell
    Abstract:

    Fly ash from coal combustion contains trace elements which, on disposal or utilisation, may leach out, and therefore be a potential environmental hazard. Environmental conditions have a great impact on the mobility of fly ash constituents as well as the physical and chemical properties of the fly ash. Existing standard Leaching methods have been shown to be inadequate by not representing possible disposal or utilisation scenarios. These Tests are often criticised on the grounds that the results estimated are not reliable as they are not able to be extrapolated to the application scenario. In order to simulate Leaching behaviour of fly ash in different environmental conditions and to reduce deviation between measurements in the fields and the laboratories, it is vital to study sensitivity of the fly ash constituents of interest to major factors controlling leachability. pH, liquid-to-solid ratio, Leaching time, leachant type and redox potential are parameters affecting stability of elements in the fly ash. Sensitivity of trace elements to pH and liquid to solid ratio (as two major overriding factors) has been examined. Elements have been classified on the basis of their Leaching behaviour under different conditions. Results from this study have been used to identify Leaching mechanisms. Also the fly ash has been examined under different standard batch Leaching Tests in order to evaluate and to compare these Tests. A Leaching Test Framework has been devised for assessing the stability of trace elements from fly ashes in different environments. This Framework assists in designing more realistic batch Leaching Tests appropriate to field conditions and can support the development of regulations and protocols for the management and disposal of coal combustion by-products or other solid wastes of environmental concern.

  • design of a Leaching Test framework for coal fly ash accounting for environmental conditions
    Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2007
    Co-Authors: Mohammad Zandi, Nigel V Russell
    Abstract:

    Fly ash from coal combustion contains trace elements which, on disposal or utilisation, may leach out, and therefore be a potential environmental hazard. Environmental conditions have a great impact on the mobility of fly ash constituents as well as the physical and chemical properties of the fly ash. Existing standard Leaching methods have been shown to be inadequate by not representing possible disposal or utilisation scenarios. These Tests are often criticised on the grounds that the results estimated are not reliable as they are not able to be extrapolated to the application scenario. In order to simulate Leaching behaviour of fly ash in different environmental conditions and to reduce deviation between measurements in the fields and the laboratories, it is vital to study sensitivity of the fly ash constituents of interest to major factors controlling leachability. pH, liquid-to-solid ratio, Leaching time, leachant type and redox potential are parameters affecting stability of elements in the fly ash. Sensitivity of trace elements to pH and liquid to solid ratio (as two major overriding factors) has been examined. Elements have been classified on the basis of their Leaching behaviour under different conditions. Results from this study have been used to identify Leaching mechanisms. Also the fly ash has been examined under different standard batch Leaching Tests in order to evaluate and to compare these Tests. A Leaching Test Framework has been devised for assessing the stability of trace elements from fly ashes in different environments. This Framework assists in designing more realistic batch Leaching Tests appropriate to field conditions and can support the development of regulations and protocols for the management and disposal of coal combustion by-products or other solid wastes of environmental concern.

Nigel V Russell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • interpretation of standard Leaching Test bs en 12457 2 is your sample hazardous or inert
    Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 2007
    Co-Authors: Mohammad Zandi, Nigel V Russell, R G J Edyvean, R J Hand, Philip Ward
    Abstract:

    A slag sample from a lead refiner has been obtained and given to two analytical laboratories to determine the release of trace elements from the sample according to BS EN 12457-2. Samples analysed by one laboratory passed waste acceptance criteria, leading it to be classified as an inert material; samples of the same material analysed by the other laboratory failed waste acceptance criteria and were classified as hazardous. It was found that the sample preparation procedure is the critical step in the Leaching analysis and that the effects of particle size on leachability should be taken into account when using this standard. The purpose of this paper is to open a debate on designing a better defined standard Leaching Test and making current waste acceptance criteria more flexible.

  • design of a Leaching Test framework for coal fly ash accounting for environmental conditions
    Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2007
    Co-Authors: Mohammad Zandi, Nigel V Russell
    Abstract:

    Fly ash from coal combustion contains trace elements which, on disposal or utilisation, may leach out, and therefore be a potential environmental hazard. Environmental conditions have a great impact on the mobility of fly ash constituents as well as the physical and chemical properties of the fly ash. Existing standard Leaching methods have been shown to be inadequate by not representing possible disposal or utilisation scenarios. These Tests are often criticised on the grounds that the results estimated are not reliable as they are not able to be extrapolated to the application scenario. In order to simulate Leaching behaviour of fly ash in different environmental conditions and to reduce deviation between measurements in the fields and the laboratories, it is vital to study sensitivity of the fly ash constituents of interest to major factors controlling leachability. pH, liquid-to-solid ratio, Leaching time, leachant type and redox potential are parameters affecting stability of elements in the fly ash. Sensitivity of trace elements to pH and liquid to solid ratio (as two major overriding factors) has been examined. Elements have been classified on the basis of their Leaching behaviour under different conditions. Results from this study have been used to identify Leaching mechanisms. Also the fly ash has been examined under different standard batch Leaching Tests in order to evaluate and to compare these Tests. A Leaching Test Framework has been devised for assessing the stability of trace elements from fly ashes in different environments. This Framework assists in designing more realistic batch Leaching Tests appropriate to field conditions and can support the development of regulations and protocols for the management and disposal of coal combustion by-products or other solid wastes of environmental concern.

  • design of a Leaching Test framework for coal fly ash accounting for environmental conditions
    Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2007
    Co-Authors: Mohammad Zandi, Nigel V Russell
    Abstract:

    Fly ash from coal combustion contains trace elements which, on disposal or utilisation, may leach out, and therefore be a potential environmental hazard. Environmental conditions have a great impact on the mobility of fly ash constituents as well as the physical and chemical properties of the fly ash. Existing standard Leaching methods have been shown to be inadequate by not representing possible disposal or utilisation scenarios. These Tests are often criticised on the grounds that the results estimated are not reliable as they are not able to be extrapolated to the application scenario. In order to simulate Leaching behaviour of fly ash in different environmental conditions and to reduce deviation between measurements in the fields and the laboratories, it is vital to study sensitivity of the fly ash constituents of interest to major factors controlling leachability. pH, liquid-to-solid ratio, Leaching time, leachant type and redox potential are parameters affecting stability of elements in the fly ash. Sensitivity of trace elements to pH and liquid to solid ratio (as two major overriding factors) has been examined. Elements have been classified on the basis of their Leaching behaviour under different conditions. Results from this study have been used to identify Leaching mechanisms. Also the fly ash has been examined under different standard batch Leaching Tests in order to evaluate and to compare these Tests. A Leaching Test Framework has been devised for assessing the stability of trace elements from fly ashes in different environments. This Framework assists in designing more realistic batch Leaching Tests appropriate to field conditions and can support the development of regulations and protocols for the management and disposal of coal combustion by-products or other solid wastes of environmental concern.

Choong Wee Kang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • water treatment sludge stabilizer binder by waste paper sludge ash for solidification stabilisation technique
    International Journal of Integrated Engineering, 2019
    Co-Authors: Nurliyana Ismail, Mohd Fadzil Arshad, Hamidah Mohd Saman, Choong Wee Kang
    Abstract:

    Waste Paper Sludge Ash (WPSA) used as stabilizer binder to treat water treatment sludge (WTS). This study was conducted to treat WTS by using WPSA in Solidification/Stabilisation (S/S) technique. 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% of WPSA was utilized to treat 200g of WTS. 100% of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) was used as control specimen. For Testing, compressive strength and Leaching Test on WTS treated with WPSA at specified percentage were performed. It was experimentally done on sample cured at 1, 3, 7 and 28 ages for the compressive strength and at 28 ages for Leaching Test. Results showed that compressive strength decreases with increasing WPSA content. The immobilization of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu) and chromium (Cr) were monitored. The concentration of metals decreases with respect to percentage of WPSA added. The optimum content of WPSA to treat WTS was 50%.

Hjh Jos Brouwers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • municipal solid waste incineration mswi fly ash composition analysis a case study of combined chelatant based washing treatment efficiency
    Journal of Environmental Management, 2019
    Co-Authors: E Loginova, M A Proskurnin, Hjh Jos Brouwers
    Abstract:

    The challenge of sustainable use of MSWI residues such as fly ash is particularly acute. One of the possible uses of these residues in making secondary building materials. However, MSWI fly ash is highly contaminated with toxic elements such as Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, etc. Its treatment to reduce the environmental impact is required before reuse or disposal. Here, the efficiency of a new three-step combined treatment with two complexing agents (ethylenediaminetetraacetate and gluconate) to increase the toxic-element elution from fly ash in contrast to conventional water-only treatments is shown. The compositions of raw and differently treated (reagent-combined and water-only treatments) MSWI fly ash were compared by macro- and microelemental, mineralogical, and microstructure analysis, in addition to the standard Leaching Test. The relevancy for such comprehensive analysis of MSWI fly ash prior and after treatments to minimize the environmental risks is shown. For Cd, Cu, and Zn, the combined treatment is proved to be 10-1000-fold more efficient than the water-only one. It was shown that the same WFA, which seems non-hazardous according to the Leaching Test after being washed with water, proves to be extremely hazardous when more properties are taken into account. Thus, it is relevant not only to study the Leaching of WFA components and the factors affecting it, but also to pay detailed attention to amounts of elements remaining in the material after treatments.

F P Glasser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.