The Experts below are selected from a list of 3585 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Pan Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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removal of chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen from Lead Smelting wastewater with high salts content using electrochemical oxidation combined with coagulation flocculation treatment
Separation and Purification Technology, 2020Co-Authors: Xiangsong Meng, Sultan Ahmed Khoso, Feng Jiang, Ye Zhang, Pan Chen, Li Wang, Honghu Tang, Yuehua HuAbstract:Abstract Electrochemical oxidation (EO) is a versatile treatment method; however, it has not been used yet for the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) wastewater produced from the Lead Smelting or other Smelting operations. In current research work, an attempt was made to apply EO combined with coagulation–flocculation (CF) mechanism for the removal of COD and NH4+-N from Lead Smelting wastewater containing high salts by using low-cost graphite anode. Systematic studies based on laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate COD and NH4+-N removal, and the removal mechanism was discussed. Results showed that, current density was the most influential factor among the three factors studied including current density, initial pH and Cl− concentration. Both the COD and NH4+-N were removed completely from the wastewater with increasing current density and electrolysis time. The morphology of graphene stripped out after electrolysis was also studied. Total organic carbon and excitation–emission matrix fluorescence analysis proved that the reduction of COD was mainly due to the degradation of most of the organic matter in wastewater to carbon dioxide. The total nitrogen analysis means that the reduction of NH4+-N was mainly due to the degradation of NH4+-N to nitrogen. From overall results, it was concluded that COD reduction was the result of the synergistic effect of the direct oxidation of organic matter on the anode plate and the indirect oxidation of active chlorine in solution, while the reduction of NH4+-N was the indirect oxidation of the active chlorine in solution. As the low-cost graphite electrode was used as anode, thus the current technology avoided the use of costly boron-doped diamond and metal oxide (eg. RuO2, IrO2 and PbO2) electrodes and achieved the fixed investment cost of electrode plates lower and more advantageous in industrial applications. Laboratory-scale test treatment cost was 9.28 US$/m3.
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removal of chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen from Lead Smelting wastewater with high salts content using electrochemical oxidation combined with coagulation flocculation treatment
Separation and Purification Technology, 2020Co-Authors: Xiangsong Meng, Sultan Ahmed Khoso, Feng Jiang, Ye Zhang, Tong Yue, Jiande Gao, Shangyong Lin, Runqing Liu, Zhiyong Gao, Pan ChenAbstract:Abstract Electrochemical oxidation (EO) is a versatile treatment method; however, it has not been used yet for the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) wastewater produced from the Lead Smelting or other Smelting operations. In current research work, an attempt was made to apply EO combined with coagulation–flocculation (CF) mechanism for the removal of COD and NH4+-N from Lead Smelting wastewater containing high salts by using low-cost graphite anode. Systematic studies based on laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate COD and NH4+-N removal, and the removal mechanism was discussed. Results showed that, current density was the most influential factor among the three factors studied including current density, initial pH and Cl− concentration. Both the COD and NH4+-N were removed completely from the wastewater with increasing current density and electrolysis time. The morphology of graphene stripped out after electrolysis was also studied. Total organic carbon and excitation–emission matrix fluorescence analysis proved that the reduction of COD was mainly due to the degradation of most of the organic matter in wastewater to carbon dioxide. The total nitrogen analysis means that the reduction of NH4+-N was mainly due to the degradation of NH4+-N to nitrogen. From overall results, it was concluded that COD reduction was the result of the synergistic effect of the direct oxidation of organic matter on the anode plate and the indirect oxidation of active chlorine in solution, while the reduction of NH4+-N was the indirect oxidation of the active chlorine in solution. As the low-cost graphite electrode was used as anode, thus the current technology avoided the use of costly boron-doped diamond and metal oxide (eg. RuO2, IrO2 and PbO2) electrodes and achieved the fixed investment cost of electrode plates lower and more advantageous in industrial applications. Laboratory-scale test treatment cost was 9.28 US$/m3.
Xiangsong Meng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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removal of chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen from Lead Smelting wastewater with high salts content using electrochemical oxidation combined with coagulation flocculation treatment
Separation and Purification Technology, 2020Co-Authors: Xiangsong Meng, Sultan Ahmed Khoso, Feng Jiang, Ye Zhang, Pan Chen, Li Wang, Honghu Tang, Yuehua HuAbstract:Abstract Electrochemical oxidation (EO) is a versatile treatment method; however, it has not been used yet for the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) wastewater produced from the Lead Smelting or other Smelting operations. In current research work, an attempt was made to apply EO combined with coagulation–flocculation (CF) mechanism for the removal of COD and NH4+-N from Lead Smelting wastewater containing high salts by using low-cost graphite anode. Systematic studies based on laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate COD and NH4+-N removal, and the removal mechanism was discussed. Results showed that, current density was the most influential factor among the three factors studied including current density, initial pH and Cl− concentration. Both the COD and NH4+-N were removed completely from the wastewater with increasing current density and electrolysis time. The morphology of graphene stripped out after electrolysis was also studied. Total organic carbon and excitation–emission matrix fluorescence analysis proved that the reduction of COD was mainly due to the degradation of most of the organic matter in wastewater to carbon dioxide. The total nitrogen analysis means that the reduction of NH4+-N was mainly due to the degradation of NH4+-N to nitrogen. From overall results, it was concluded that COD reduction was the result of the synergistic effect of the direct oxidation of organic matter on the anode plate and the indirect oxidation of active chlorine in solution, while the reduction of NH4+-N was the indirect oxidation of the active chlorine in solution. As the low-cost graphite electrode was used as anode, thus the current technology avoided the use of costly boron-doped diamond and metal oxide (eg. RuO2, IrO2 and PbO2) electrodes and achieved the fixed investment cost of electrode plates lower and more advantageous in industrial applications. Laboratory-scale test treatment cost was 9.28 US$/m3.
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removal of chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen from Lead Smelting wastewater with high salts content using electrochemical oxidation combined with coagulation flocculation treatment
Separation and Purification Technology, 2020Co-Authors: Xiangsong Meng, Sultan Ahmed Khoso, Feng Jiang, Ye Zhang, Tong Yue, Jiande Gao, Shangyong Lin, Runqing Liu, Zhiyong Gao, Pan ChenAbstract:Abstract Electrochemical oxidation (EO) is a versatile treatment method; however, it has not been used yet for the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) wastewater produced from the Lead Smelting or other Smelting operations. In current research work, an attempt was made to apply EO combined with coagulation–flocculation (CF) mechanism for the removal of COD and NH4+-N from Lead Smelting wastewater containing high salts by using low-cost graphite anode. Systematic studies based on laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate COD and NH4+-N removal, and the removal mechanism was discussed. Results showed that, current density was the most influential factor among the three factors studied including current density, initial pH and Cl− concentration. Both the COD and NH4+-N were removed completely from the wastewater with increasing current density and electrolysis time. The morphology of graphene stripped out after electrolysis was also studied. Total organic carbon and excitation–emission matrix fluorescence analysis proved that the reduction of COD was mainly due to the degradation of most of the organic matter in wastewater to carbon dioxide. The total nitrogen analysis means that the reduction of NH4+-N was mainly due to the degradation of NH4+-N to nitrogen. From overall results, it was concluded that COD reduction was the result of the synergistic effect of the direct oxidation of organic matter on the anode plate and the indirect oxidation of active chlorine in solution, while the reduction of NH4+-N was the indirect oxidation of the active chlorine in solution. As the low-cost graphite electrode was used as anode, thus the current technology avoided the use of costly boron-doped diamond and metal oxide (eg. RuO2, IrO2 and PbO2) electrodes and achieved the fixed investment cost of electrode plates lower and more advantageous in industrial applications. Laboratory-scale test treatment cost was 9.28 US$/m3.
Shilu Tong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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lifetime low level exposure to environmental Lead and children s emotional and behavioral development at ages 11 13 years the port pirie cohort study
American Journal of Epidemiology, 1999Co-Authors: Jane Burns, Peter A Baghurst, Anthony J Mcmichael, Michael G Sawyer, Shilu TongAbstract:The Port Pirie Cohort Study is the first study to monitor prospectively the association between lifetime blood Lead exposure and the prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems experienced by children. Lead exposure data along with ratings on the Child Behavior Checklist were obtained for 322 11-13-year-old children from the Lead Smelting community of Port Pirie, Australia. Mean total behavior problem score (95% confidence interval (CI)) for boys whose lifetime average blood Lead concentration was above 15 microg/dl was 28.7 (24.6-32.8) compared with 21.1 (17.5-24.8) in boys with lower exposure levels. The corresponding mean scores (95% CI) for girls were 29.7 (25.3-34.2) and 18.0 (14.7-21.3). After controlling for a number of confounding variables, including the quality of the child's HOME environment (assessed by Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment), maternal psychopathology, and the child's IQ, regression modeling predicted that for a hypothetical increase in lifetime blood Lead exposure from 10 to 30 microg/dl, the externalizing behavior problem score would increase by 3.5 in boys (95% CI 1.6-5.4), and by 1.8 (95% CI -0.1 to 11.1) in girls. Internalizing behavior problem scores were predicted to rise by 2.1 (95% CI 0.0-4.2) in girls but by only 0.8 (95% CI -0.9 to 2.4) in boys.
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environmental exposure to Lead and children s intelligence at the age of seven years the port pirie cohort study
The New England Journal of Medicine, 1992Co-Authors: Peter A Baghurst, Anthony J Mcmichael, Neil R Wigg, Graham V Vimpani, Evelyn F Robertson, Russell Roberts, Shilu TongAbstract:Abstract Background. Exposure to Lead in early childhood is thought to result in delayed neuropsychological development. As yet there is little longitudinal evidence to establish whether these effects persist into later childhood. Methods. We measured IQ scores in 494 seven-year-old children from the Lead-Smelting community of Port Pirie, Australia, in whom developmental deficits associated with elevated blood Lead concentrations had already been reported at the ages of two and four years. Exposure to Lead was estimated from the Lead concentrations in maternal blood samples drawn antenatally and at delivery and from blood samples drawn from the children at birth (umbilical-cord blood), at the ages of 6 and 15 months and 2 years, and annually thereafter. Data relating to known covariates of child development were collected systematically for each child throughout the first seven years of life. Results. We found inverse relations between IQ at the age of seven years and both antenatal and postnatal blood le...
Taofeeq Ibnmohammed - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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life cycle assessment and environmental profile evaluation of Lead free piezoelectrics in comparison with Lead zirconate titanate
Journal of The European Ceramic Society, 2018Co-Authors: Taofeeq Ibnmohammed, Ian M Reaney, S C L Koh, Adolf Acquaye, Derek C Sinclair, Clive A Randall, F H Abubakar, Lucy Smith, Giorgio SchileoAbstract:Abstract The prohibition of Lead in many electronic components and devices due to its toxicity has reinvigorated the race to develop substitutes for Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) based mainly on the potassium sodium niobate (KNN) and sodium bismuth titanate (NBT). However, before successful transition from laboratory to market, critical environmental assessment of all aspects of their fabrication and development must be carried out in comparison with PZT. Given the recent findings that KNN is not intrinsically ‘greener’ than PZT, there is a tendency to see NBT as the solution to achieving environmentally Lead-free piezoelectrics competitive with PZT. The lower energy consumed by NBT during synthesis results in a lower overall environmental profile compared to both PZT and KNN. However, bismuth and its oxide are mainly the by-product of Lead Smelting and comparison between NBT and PZT indicates that the environmental profile of bismuth oxide surpasses that of Lead oxide across several key indicators, especially climate change, due to additional processing and refining steps which pose extra challenges in metallurgical recovery. Furthermore, bismuth compares unfavourably with Lead due to its higher energy cost of recycling. The fact that roughly 90–95% of bismuth is derived as a by-product of Lead Smelting also constitutes a major concern for future upscaling. As such, NBT and KNN do not offer absolute competitive edge from an environmental perspective in comparison to PZT. The findings in this work have global practical implications for future Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) legislation for piezoelectric materials and demonstrate the need for a holistic approach to the development of sustainable functional materials.
Yuehua Hu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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removal of chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen from Lead Smelting wastewater with high salts content using electrochemical oxidation combined with coagulation flocculation treatment
Separation and Purification Technology, 2020Co-Authors: Xiangsong Meng, Sultan Ahmed Khoso, Feng Jiang, Ye Zhang, Pan Chen, Li Wang, Honghu Tang, Yuehua HuAbstract:Abstract Electrochemical oxidation (EO) is a versatile treatment method; however, it has not been used yet for the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) wastewater produced from the Lead Smelting or other Smelting operations. In current research work, an attempt was made to apply EO combined with coagulation–flocculation (CF) mechanism for the removal of COD and NH4+-N from Lead Smelting wastewater containing high salts by using low-cost graphite anode. Systematic studies based on laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate COD and NH4+-N removal, and the removal mechanism was discussed. Results showed that, current density was the most influential factor among the three factors studied including current density, initial pH and Cl− concentration. Both the COD and NH4+-N were removed completely from the wastewater with increasing current density and electrolysis time. The morphology of graphene stripped out after electrolysis was also studied. Total organic carbon and excitation–emission matrix fluorescence analysis proved that the reduction of COD was mainly due to the degradation of most of the organic matter in wastewater to carbon dioxide. The total nitrogen analysis means that the reduction of NH4+-N was mainly due to the degradation of NH4+-N to nitrogen. From overall results, it was concluded that COD reduction was the result of the synergistic effect of the direct oxidation of organic matter on the anode plate and the indirect oxidation of active chlorine in solution, while the reduction of NH4+-N was the indirect oxidation of the active chlorine in solution. As the low-cost graphite electrode was used as anode, thus the current technology avoided the use of costly boron-doped diamond and metal oxide (eg. RuO2, IrO2 and PbO2) electrodes and achieved the fixed investment cost of electrode plates lower and more advantageous in industrial applications. Laboratory-scale test treatment cost was 9.28 US$/m3.