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Jianyu Zhu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a rare case of type 1 Leprosy reactions following tetanus infection in a borderline tuberculoid Leprosy patient and a literature review
Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 2018Co-Authors: Chao Shi, Zhichun Jing, Degang Yang, Jianyu ZhuAbstract:Type 1 Leprosy reaction, also known as “reversal reaction”, is related to cellular immune responses to Mycobacterium leprae antigens. The risk factors that trigger type 1 Leprosy reactions are poorly understood. Leprosy with concurrent tetanus is rare, and there are no publicly available reports of a Leprosy patient infected with tetanus that induced type 1 Leprosy reactions. A 56-year-old Chinese Han female presented to our hospital with symptoms of erythematous plaques and pain over her left upper limb for 2 days and foreign object sensation in her throat for 3 days. The patient had a 6-year history of Leprosy. Type 1 Leprosy reactions were initially considered, followed by treatment with methylprednisolone. Two days later, the patient’s symptoms were aggravated, with neck muscle tension and difficulty in opening her mouth, and the erythematous plaques had spread over most of her left upper limb. After further careful examinations, we confirmed the diagnosis of tetanus with concurrent type 1 Leprosy reactions. The patient was given anti-tetanus treatment for 12 days and anti-Leprosy reaction treatment for 4 months; the diseases were eventually controlled. This report suggests that tetanus infection may be a trigger for type 1 Leprosy reactions.
Diana N. J. Lockwood - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Immuno-staining in nerve biopsies for CD68, TNF-α, TGF-β and iNOS.*
2013Co-Authors: Diana N. J. Lockwood, Lavanya Suneetha, Karuna Devi Sagili, Meher Vani Chaduvula, Ismail Mohammed, Wim Van Brakel, W. C. Smith, Peter Nicholls, Sujai SuneethaAbstract:*Percentages rounded to nearest integer because of small numbers.**Borderline tuberculoid Leprosy;***Borderline lepromatous Leprosy;†Lepromatous Leprosy;‡Reversal reaction.
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Comparison of clinical diagnoses and histological skin biopsy diagnoses at registration.
2012Co-Authors: Diana N. J. Lockwood, Wim Van Brakel, Peter Nicholls, Cairns W. S. Smith, Loretta Das, Pramila Barkataki, Sujai SuneethaAbstract:*Borderline tuberculoid Leprosy;**Borderline lepromatous Leprosy;†Lepromatous Leprosy;‡Indeterminate Leprosy;§No significant lesion;∥Borderline borderline Leprosy;#Pure Neural Leprosy.
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expression of cc and cxc chemokines and chemokine receptors in human Leprosy skin lesions
Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 2003Co-Authors: A A Kirkaldy, A C Musonda, S Khanolkharyoung, Sujai Suneetha, Diana N. J. LockwoodAbstract:We have investigated the expression of chemokines and their receptors in Leprosy skin lesions using immunohistochemistry. Skin biopsies from 25 Leprosy patients across the Leprosy spectrum, 11 patients undergoing type I reversal reactions and four normal donors were immunostained by ABC peroxidase method using antibodies against CC and CXC chemokines and their receptors. Using an in situ hybridization technique we have also studied the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), RANTES and interleukin (IL)-8 chemokines mRNA in Leprosy skin lesions. Chemokines and receptor expression was detected in all Leprosy skin biopsies. Expression of CC chemokines MCP-1 (P < 0.01) and RANTES (P < 0.01) were elevated significantly in borderline tuberculoid Leprosy in reversal reaction compared to non-reactional borderline tuberculoid Leprosy, but there was no difference in the expression of IL-8 chemokine. Surprisingly, there was no significant difference in the expression of CC (CCR2 and CCR5) and CXC (CXCR2) chemokine receptors across the Leprosy spectrum. Similarly, there was no significant difference in the expression of mRNA for MCP-1, regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and IL-8 chemokines. Here, the presence of a neutrophil chemoattractant IL-8 in Leprosy lesions, which do not contain neutrophils, suggests strongly a role of IL-8 as a monocyte and lymphocyte recruiter in Leprosy lesions. These results suggest that the chemokines and their receptors, which are known to chemoattract T lymphocytes and macrophages, are involved in assembling the cellular infiltrate found in lesions across the Leprosy spectrum.
Sujai Suneetha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Immuno-staining in nerve biopsies for CD68, TNF-α, TGF-β and iNOS.*
2013Co-Authors: Diana N. J. Lockwood, Lavanya Suneetha, Karuna Devi Sagili, Meher Vani Chaduvula, Ismail Mohammed, Wim Van Brakel, W. C. Smith, Peter Nicholls, Sujai SuneethaAbstract:*Percentages rounded to nearest integer because of small numbers.**Borderline tuberculoid Leprosy;***Borderline lepromatous Leprosy;†Lepromatous Leprosy;‡Reversal reaction.
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Comparison of clinical diagnoses and histological skin biopsy diagnoses at registration.
2012Co-Authors: Diana N. J. Lockwood, Wim Van Brakel, Peter Nicholls, Cairns W. S. Smith, Loretta Das, Pramila Barkataki, Sujai SuneethaAbstract:*Borderline tuberculoid Leprosy;**Borderline lepromatous Leprosy;†Lepromatous Leprosy;‡Indeterminate Leprosy;§No significant lesion;∥Borderline borderline Leprosy;#Pure Neural Leprosy.
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expression of cc and cxc chemokines and chemokine receptors in human Leprosy skin lesions
Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 2003Co-Authors: A A Kirkaldy, A C Musonda, S Khanolkharyoung, Sujai Suneetha, Diana N. J. LockwoodAbstract:We have investigated the expression of chemokines and their receptors in Leprosy skin lesions using immunohistochemistry. Skin biopsies from 25 Leprosy patients across the Leprosy spectrum, 11 patients undergoing type I reversal reactions and four normal donors were immunostained by ABC peroxidase method using antibodies against CC and CXC chemokines and their receptors. Using an in situ hybridization technique we have also studied the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), RANTES and interleukin (IL)-8 chemokines mRNA in Leprosy skin lesions. Chemokines and receptor expression was detected in all Leprosy skin biopsies. Expression of CC chemokines MCP-1 (P < 0.01) and RANTES (P < 0.01) were elevated significantly in borderline tuberculoid Leprosy in reversal reaction compared to non-reactional borderline tuberculoid Leprosy, but there was no difference in the expression of IL-8 chemokine. Surprisingly, there was no significant difference in the expression of CC (CCR2 and CCR5) and CXC (CXCR2) chemokine receptors across the Leprosy spectrum. Similarly, there was no significant difference in the expression of mRNA for MCP-1, regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and IL-8 chemokines. Here, the presence of a neutrophil chemoattractant IL-8 in Leprosy lesions, which do not contain neutrophils, suggests strongly a role of IL-8 as a monocyte and lymphocyte recruiter in Leprosy lesions. These results suggest that the chemokines and their receptors, which are known to chemoattract T lymphocytes and macrophages, are involved in assembling the cellular infiltrate found in lesions across the Leprosy spectrum.
Aasawari N Nalgundwar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a comparative study of the quality of life knowledge attitude and belief about Leprosy disease among Leprosy patients and community members in shantivan Leprosy rehabilitation centre nere maharashtra india
Journal of Global Infectious Diseases, 2011Co-Authors: Madhavi J Mankar, Sumedha M Joshi, Deepa H Velankar, Ranjana K Mhatre, Aasawari N NalgundwarAbstract:Background: Leprosy a chronic infectious affliction, is a communicable disease that posses a risk of permanent and progressive disability. The associated visible deformities and disabilities have contributed to the stigma and discrimination experienced by Leprosy patients, even among those who have been cured. Aims and Objectives: 1) To assess the knowledge, attitude and belief about Leprosy in Leprosy patients compared with community members. 2) To find the perceived stigma among Leprosy patients. 3). To evaluate the quality of life in Leprosy patients as compared to community members using WHO Quality of Life assessment questionaire (WHOQOL- BREF). Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at Leprosy Rehabilitation Centre, Shantivan, Nere in Panvel Taluka, district Raigad from October - December 2009. A pre-designed and pre-structured questionaire was used to evaluate knowledge, attitude and perceived stigma among Leprosy patients and community members. WHO Quality of life questionaire (WHOQOL-BREF) was used to assess quality of life in Leprosy patients and controls. Data analysis was done with the help of SPSS package. Result: Among the cases and control, 43.13% of cases were aware that Leprosy is an infectious disease compared to 20.69% of control. 68.62% of cases had knowledge of hypopigmented patches being a symptom of Leprosy compared to the 25.86% in control. There was overall high level of awareness about disease, symptoms, transmission and curability in Leprosy patients as compared to control. Among control group, 43.10% of population said that they would not like food to be served by Leprosy patients as compared to 13.73% in study group. It was seen that the discrimination was much higher in female Leprosy patients as compared to male Leprosy patients. The mean quality of life scores for cases was significantly lower than those for control group in physical and psychological domain but not in the social relationship and environmental domain. The mean quality of life scores for male cases were lower in each domain as compared to male control group but the difference was not significant except in the physical and enviornmental domain. The mean quality of life scores for female cases were lower in each domain as compared to female control group and the difference was not significant except in the psychological domain. Conclusions: There was a significant difference in physical domain in male Leprosy patients and psychological domain in female Leprosy patients as compared with their respective gender controls. The Leprosy patients were more aware about the infectious nature of the disease, symptoms, transmission, and curability than the control group. A negative attitude was seen towards the Leprosy patients in the society.
Chao Shi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a rare case of type 1 Leprosy reactions following tetanus infection in a borderline tuberculoid Leprosy patient and a literature review
Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 2018Co-Authors: Chao Shi, Zhichun Jing, Degang Yang, Jianyu ZhuAbstract:Type 1 Leprosy reaction, also known as “reversal reaction”, is related to cellular immune responses to Mycobacterium leprae antigens. The risk factors that trigger type 1 Leprosy reactions are poorly understood. Leprosy with concurrent tetanus is rare, and there are no publicly available reports of a Leprosy patient infected with tetanus that induced type 1 Leprosy reactions. A 56-year-old Chinese Han female presented to our hospital with symptoms of erythematous plaques and pain over her left upper limb for 2 days and foreign object sensation in her throat for 3 days. The patient had a 6-year history of Leprosy. Type 1 Leprosy reactions were initially considered, followed by treatment with methylprednisolone. Two days later, the patient’s symptoms were aggravated, with neck muscle tension and difficulty in opening her mouth, and the erythematous plaques had spread over most of her left upper limb. After further careful examinations, we confirmed the diagnosis of tetanus with concurrent type 1 Leprosy reactions. The patient was given anti-tetanus treatment for 12 days and anti-Leprosy reaction treatment for 4 months; the diseases were eventually controlled. This report suggests that tetanus infection may be a trigger for type 1 Leprosy reactions.