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S.j. Dhoble - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • organic light emitting diodes energy saving Lighting Technology a review
    Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2012
    Co-Authors: Thejo N Kalyani, S.j. Dhoble
    Abstract:

    This paper reflects the achievements and the challenges ahead in the field of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). The primary intention of this paper is to study different organic materials synthesized so far and the OLEDs fabricated for solid-state Lighting. After deep review of literature we have synthesized and characterized rare earth based europium organic complexes Eu(TTA)3Phen, Eu(x)Y(1−x)(TTA)3Phen, and Eu(x)Tb(1−x)(TTA)3Phen, where x=0.4 and 0.5 by solution technique maintaining stoichiometric ratio. Blended films of pure and doped Eu complexes that are molecularly doped into polymer resins namely polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS) are prepared according to weight percentage. Concentration effect on absorption and emission spectra of the blended films was studied for different weight percentages (10, 25, 50, 60%). All the complexes doped in PMMA showed an excellent transparency of 90–97% while the complexes doped in polystyrene showed a transparency of 85–90%, bit less than in PMMA. Energy gap of the synthesized complexes have been determined in PMMA and PS. Considering the facts that these complexes have good solubility in most of the organic solvents, the absorption spectra of Eu(TTA)3Phen, Eu0.5Y0.5(TTA)3Phen and Eu0.5Tb0.5(TTA)3Phen complexes are studied, and OLED devices having the structure ITO/m-MTDATA/α-NPD/TPBi:Eu(x)Y(1−x)(TTA)3Phen/Alq3/LiF:Al (where x=0.4, 0.5) were fabricated and characterized. Significant red emission was observed from fabricated OLED devices at 612nm when operated in a range of 10–18V. Thus the synthesized rare earth based organic complexes are the best suitable candidates for fabrication of red OLED devices. The extensive review on OLEDS concludes that our present Lighting system can be replaced with white OLEDS, recently developed energy saving Lighting Technology.

  • Organic light emitting diodes: Energy saving Lighting Technology—A review
    Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2012
    Co-Authors: N. Thejo Kalyani, S.j. Dhoble
    Abstract:

    This paper reflects the achievements and the challenges ahead in the field of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). The primary intention of this paper is to study different organic materials synthesized so far and the OLEDs fabricated for solid-state Lighting. After deep review of literature we have synthesized and characterized rare earth based europium organic complexes Eu(TTA)3Phen, Eu(x)Y(1?x)(TTA)3Phen, and Eu(x)Tb(1?x)(TTA)3Phen, where x=0.4 and 0.5 by solution technique maintaining stoichiometric ratio. Blended films of pure and doped Eu complexes that are molecularly doped into polymer resins namely polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS) are prepared according to weight percentage. Concentration effect on absorption and emission spectra of the blended films was studied for different weight percentages (10, 25, 50, 60%). All the complexes doped in PMMA showed an excellent transparency of 90–97% while the complexes doped in polystyrene showed a transparency of 85–90%, bit less than in PMMA. Energy gap of the synthesized complexes have been determined in PMMA and PS. Considering the facts that these complexes have good solubility in most of the organic solvents, the absorption spectra of Eu(TTA)3Phen, Eu0.5Y0.5(TTA)3Phen and Eu0.5Tb0.5(TTA)3Phen complexes are studied, and OLED devices having the structure ITO/m-MTDATA/?-NPD/TPBi:Eu(x)Y(1?x)(TTA)3Phen/Alq3/LiF:Al (where x=0.4, 0.5) were fabricated and characterized. Significant red emission was observed from fabricated OLED devices at 612nm when operated in a range of 10–18V. Thus the synthesized rare earth based organic complexes are the best suitable candidates for fabrication of red OLED devices. The extensive review on OLEDS concludes that our present Lighting system can be replaced with white OLEDS, recently developed energy saving Lighting Technology.

  • Organic light emitting diodes: Energy saving Lighting Technology - A review
    Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2012
    Co-Authors: N. Thejo Kalyani, S.j. Dhoble
    Abstract:

    This paper reflects the achievements and the challenges ahead in the field of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). The primary intention of this paper is to study different organic materials synthesized so far and the OLEDs fabricated for solid-state Lighting. After deep review of literature we have synthesized and characterized rare earth based europium organic complexes Eu(TTA) 3 Phen, Eu (x) Y (1-x) (TTA) 3 Phen, and Eu (x) Tb (1-x) (TTA) 3 Phen, where x = 0.4 and 0.5 by solution technique maintaining stoichiometric ratio. Blended films of pure and doped Eu complexes that are molecularly doped into polymer resins namely polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS) are prepared according to weight percentage. Concentration effect on absorption and emission spectra of the blended films was studied for different weight percentages (10, 25, 50, 60%). All the complexes doped in PMMA showed an excellent transparency of 90-97% while the complexes doped in polystyrene showed a transparency of 85-90%, bit less than in PMMA. Energy gap of the synthesized complexes have been determined in PMMA and PS. Considering the facts that these complexes have good solubility in most of the organic solvents, the absorption spectra of Eu(TTA) 3 Phen, Eu 0.5 Y 0.5 (TTA) 3 Phen and Eu 0.5 Tb 0.5 (TTA) 3 Phen complexes are studied, and OLED devices having the structure ITO/m-MTDATA/α-NPD/TPBi:Eu (x) Y (1-x) (TTA) 3 Phen/Alq 3 /LiF:Al (where x = 0.4, 0.5) were fabricated and characterized. Significant red emission was observed from fabricated OLED devices at 612 nm when operated in a range of 10-18 V. Thus the synthesized rare earth based organic complexes are the best suitable candidates for fabrication of red OLED devices. The extensive review on OLEDS concludes that our present Lighting system can be replaced with white OLEDS, recently developed energy saving Lighting Technology. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Antonio Nieto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • an economics strategy for criticality application to rare earth element yttrium in new Lighting Technology and its sustainable availability
    Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017
    Co-Authors: Kuangyuan Zhang, Andrew N Kleit, Antonio Nieto
    Abstract:

    In the sustainability of the US economy to restrictions in the supply of various rare earth elements (REEs) have been of great concern over the last decade. This research examines the “criticality” of Yttrium, the most commonly used rare earth element in new Lighting Technology, wind turbine additive, and other renewables for a sustainable society. Criticality depends on source's supply, relevant uses, and substitutes. Yttrium currently comes largely from only a few areas in south China, increasing the resulting economic vulnerability in short term. In the medium term, however, the supply threat for Yttrium may decrease as more sources become available. In south China, which is the major source of world Yttrium supply, Yttrium is produced with other REEs. As Yttrium's content is high in the ion adsorption clays in south China, its supply is not likely to be disturbed by price changes of other co-products. In north China (Baiyun Ebo), where the content of Yttrium is lower, rare earth elements are usually produced as by-product of iron. Meanwhile, Yttrium production causes a variety of environmental/sustainability issues, making the supply stream vulnerable to more stringent environmental politics. Yttrium is employed in a variety of uses, and difficult to replace in compact fluorescent lights (CFL) as phosphor, and other renewable energy such as additives in wind turbine. The short-run high demand for CFLs increases the criticality of Yttrium. In the longer term, however, the demand for CFLs is expected to fall.

  • An economics strategy for criticality – Application to rare earth element Yttrium in new Lighting Technology and its sustainable availability
    Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017
    Co-Authors: Kuangyuan Zhang, Andrew N Kleit, Antonio Nieto
    Abstract:

    In the sustainability of the US economy to restrictions in the supply of various rare earth elements (REEs) have been of great concern over the last decade. This research examines the “criticality” of Yttrium, the most commonly used rare earth element in new Lighting Technology, wind turbine additive, and other renewables for a sustainable society. Criticality depends on source's supply, relevant uses, and substitutes. Yttrium currently comes largely from only a few areas in south China, increasing the resulting economic vulnerability in short term. In the medium term, however, the supply threat for Yttrium may decrease as more sources become available. In south China, which is the major source of world Yttrium supply, Yttrium is produced with other REEs. As Yttrium's content is high in the ion adsorption clays in south China, its supply is not likely to be disturbed by price changes of other co-products. In north China (Baiyun Ebo), where the content of Yttrium is lower, rare earth elements are usually produced as by-product of iron. Meanwhile, Yttrium production causes a variety of environmental/sustainability issues, making the supply stream vulnerable to more stringent environmental politics. Yttrium is employed in a variety of uses, and difficult to replace in compact fluorescent lights (CFL) as phosphor, and other renewable energy such as additives in wind turbine. The short-run high demand for CFLs increases the criticality of Yttrium. In the longer term, however, the demand for CFLs is expected to fall.

Ramchandra Pode - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Light Emitting Diodes
    Green Energy and Technology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Ramchandra Pode, Boucar Diouf
    Abstract:

    Lighting Technology is continuously improving for greater comfort, higher power efficiency and due to concerns about health and environment issues. The evolution of Lighting Technology through conversion of electricity into light led to the revolution in Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs). LEDs are given more importance for both indoor and outdoor Lighting due to their long life span compared to any other Lighting Technology; the very high efficiency they reach equivalent to the fluorescent lamps’ Technology of today and will certainly surpass in the future; they are also very environment friendly and their price is continuously dropping making them more and more competitive. The objective of this chapter is to present the fundamentals about LEDs, the Technology, operation, evolution and Lighting applications. LEDs were among the first commercialized semiconductor devices; this chapter also shows why LEDs Technology is the Lighting Technology of the future and the perfect match when considering the environment and the use of green energies. LEDs save more than 80% of energy compared to incandescent light bulbs with an efficiency comparable to fluorescent lamps of today and continuously increasing, a longer life span and a better environmental impact.

  • OLED Lighting Technology
    Green Energy and Technology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Ramchandra Pode, Boucar Diouf
    Abstract:

    Considering the growing importance of energy savings and environment friendliness, solid-state Lighting (SSL) is emerging as a highly competent and viable alternative to existing Lighting technologies. White light organic light emitting devices (WOLEDs) are capturing the imagination of manufacturers, product designers, and end users owing to their potential use in SSL. Differentiating attributes of white OLEDs are brightness, high color rendering index (CRI), high contrast ratio, thin and lightweight, cost-effective and ease to deposit on plastic substrates to fabricate flexible light sources of different shapes.

  • solution to enhance the acceptability of solar powered led Lighting Technology
    Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2010
    Co-Authors: Ramchandra Pode
    Abstract:

    Unavailability of grid based electricity is a major challenge facing a majority of developing countries, particularly the population in rural areas. Consequently, people are forced to use the kerosene lantern in much of the world for Lighting. However, fuel-based Lighting is contributing to global warming and causing serious health related problems. To address these issues, several developing countries are now encouraging the use of sustainable clean Lighting systems - solar-powered light emitting diode system. In the present paper, barriers and mechanisms to boost the use of solar-powered Lighting are discussed.

  • Solution to enhance the acceptability of solar-powered LED Lighting Technology
    2010
    Co-Authors: Ramchandra Pode
    Abstract:

    Unavailability of grid based electricity is a major challenge facing a majority of developing countries, particularly the population in rural areas. Consequently, people are forced to use the kerosene lantern in much of the world for Lighting. However, fuel-based Lighting is contributing to global warming and causing serious health related problems. To address these issues, several developing countries are now encouraging the use of sustainable clean Lighting systems - solar-powered light emitting diode system. In the present paper, barriers and mechanisms to boost the use of solar-powered Lighting are discussed. ?? 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

N. Thejo Kalyani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Organic light emitting diodes: Energy saving Lighting Technology—A review
    Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2012
    Co-Authors: N. Thejo Kalyani, S.j. Dhoble
    Abstract:

    This paper reflects the achievements and the challenges ahead in the field of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). The primary intention of this paper is to study different organic materials synthesized so far and the OLEDs fabricated for solid-state Lighting. After deep review of literature we have synthesized and characterized rare earth based europium organic complexes Eu(TTA)3Phen, Eu(x)Y(1?x)(TTA)3Phen, and Eu(x)Tb(1?x)(TTA)3Phen, where x=0.4 and 0.5 by solution technique maintaining stoichiometric ratio. Blended films of pure and doped Eu complexes that are molecularly doped into polymer resins namely polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS) are prepared according to weight percentage. Concentration effect on absorption and emission spectra of the blended films was studied for different weight percentages (10, 25, 50, 60%). All the complexes doped in PMMA showed an excellent transparency of 90–97% while the complexes doped in polystyrene showed a transparency of 85–90%, bit less than in PMMA. Energy gap of the synthesized complexes have been determined in PMMA and PS. Considering the facts that these complexes have good solubility in most of the organic solvents, the absorption spectra of Eu(TTA)3Phen, Eu0.5Y0.5(TTA)3Phen and Eu0.5Tb0.5(TTA)3Phen complexes are studied, and OLED devices having the structure ITO/m-MTDATA/?-NPD/TPBi:Eu(x)Y(1?x)(TTA)3Phen/Alq3/LiF:Al (where x=0.4, 0.5) were fabricated and characterized. Significant red emission was observed from fabricated OLED devices at 612nm when operated in a range of 10–18V. Thus the synthesized rare earth based organic complexes are the best suitable candidates for fabrication of red OLED devices. The extensive review on OLEDS concludes that our present Lighting system can be replaced with white OLEDS, recently developed energy saving Lighting Technology.

  • Organic light emitting diodes: Energy saving Lighting Technology - A review
    Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2012
    Co-Authors: N. Thejo Kalyani, S.j. Dhoble
    Abstract:

    This paper reflects the achievements and the challenges ahead in the field of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). The primary intention of this paper is to study different organic materials synthesized so far and the OLEDs fabricated for solid-state Lighting. After deep review of literature we have synthesized and characterized rare earth based europium organic complexes Eu(TTA) 3 Phen, Eu (x) Y (1-x) (TTA) 3 Phen, and Eu (x) Tb (1-x) (TTA) 3 Phen, where x = 0.4 and 0.5 by solution technique maintaining stoichiometric ratio. Blended films of pure and doped Eu complexes that are molecularly doped into polymer resins namely polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS) are prepared according to weight percentage. Concentration effect on absorption and emission spectra of the blended films was studied for different weight percentages (10, 25, 50, 60%). All the complexes doped in PMMA showed an excellent transparency of 90-97% while the complexes doped in polystyrene showed a transparency of 85-90%, bit less than in PMMA. Energy gap of the synthesized complexes have been determined in PMMA and PS. Considering the facts that these complexes have good solubility in most of the organic solvents, the absorption spectra of Eu(TTA) 3 Phen, Eu 0.5 Y 0.5 (TTA) 3 Phen and Eu 0.5 Tb 0.5 (TTA) 3 Phen complexes are studied, and OLED devices having the structure ITO/m-MTDATA/α-NPD/TPBi:Eu (x) Y (1-x) (TTA) 3 Phen/Alq 3 /LiF:Al (where x = 0.4, 0.5) were fabricated and characterized. Significant red emission was observed from fabricated OLED devices at 612 nm when operated in a range of 10-18 V. Thus the synthesized rare earth based organic complexes are the best suitable candidates for fabrication of red OLED devices. The extensive review on OLEDS concludes that our present Lighting system can be replaced with white OLEDS, recently developed energy saving Lighting Technology. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Kuangyuan Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • an economics strategy for criticality application to rare earth element yttrium in new Lighting Technology and its sustainable availability
    Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017
    Co-Authors: Kuangyuan Zhang, Andrew N Kleit, Antonio Nieto
    Abstract:

    In the sustainability of the US economy to restrictions in the supply of various rare earth elements (REEs) have been of great concern over the last decade. This research examines the “criticality” of Yttrium, the most commonly used rare earth element in new Lighting Technology, wind turbine additive, and other renewables for a sustainable society. Criticality depends on source's supply, relevant uses, and substitutes. Yttrium currently comes largely from only a few areas in south China, increasing the resulting economic vulnerability in short term. In the medium term, however, the supply threat for Yttrium may decrease as more sources become available. In south China, which is the major source of world Yttrium supply, Yttrium is produced with other REEs. As Yttrium's content is high in the ion adsorption clays in south China, its supply is not likely to be disturbed by price changes of other co-products. In north China (Baiyun Ebo), where the content of Yttrium is lower, rare earth elements are usually produced as by-product of iron. Meanwhile, Yttrium production causes a variety of environmental/sustainability issues, making the supply stream vulnerable to more stringent environmental politics. Yttrium is employed in a variety of uses, and difficult to replace in compact fluorescent lights (CFL) as phosphor, and other renewable energy such as additives in wind turbine. The short-run high demand for CFLs increases the criticality of Yttrium. In the longer term, however, the demand for CFLs is expected to fall.

  • An economics strategy for criticality – Application to rare earth element Yttrium in new Lighting Technology and its sustainable availability
    Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017
    Co-Authors: Kuangyuan Zhang, Andrew N Kleit, Antonio Nieto
    Abstract:

    In the sustainability of the US economy to restrictions in the supply of various rare earth elements (REEs) have been of great concern over the last decade. This research examines the “criticality” of Yttrium, the most commonly used rare earth element in new Lighting Technology, wind turbine additive, and other renewables for a sustainable society. Criticality depends on source's supply, relevant uses, and substitutes. Yttrium currently comes largely from only a few areas in south China, increasing the resulting economic vulnerability in short term. In the medium term, however, the supply threat for Yttrium may decrease as more sources become available. In south China, which is the major source of world Yttrium supply, Yttrium is produced with other REEs. As Yttrium's content is high in the ion adsorption clays in south China, its supply is not likely to be disturbed by price changes of other co-products. In north China (Baiyun Ebo), where the content of Yttrium is lower, rare earth elements are usually produced as by-product of iron. Meanwhile, Yttrium production causes a variety of environmental/sustainability issues, making the supply stream vulnerable to more stringent environmental politics. Yttrium is employed in a variety of uses, and difficult to replace in compact fluorescent lights (CFL) as phosphor, and other renewable energy such as additives in wind turbine. The short-run high demand for CFLs increases the criticality of Yttrium. In the longer term, however, the demand for CFLs is expected to fall.