The Experts below are selected from a list of 12342 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Sachin Kumar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Lignocellulosic Ethanol: Feedstocks and Bioprocessing
Bioethanol Production from Food Crops, 2019Co-Authors: Richa Arora, Nilesh Kumar Sharma, Sachin Kumar, Rajesh K. SaniAbstract:Abstract Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) from various sources, including agriculture, industries, forestry, and municipalities has the promising potential for the production of bioEthanol. However, the recalcitrant nature of this complex biomass can be overpowered by several pretreatment techniques for increasing the accessibility of the hydrolytic enzymes to produce fermentable sugars. Apart from the recalcitrance of LCB, another challenge is potential Ethanologen, which aid in high Ethanol yield. The current technologies in use suffer with various drawbacks including low Ethanol yield, Ethanol productivity, cofermentation of pentose and hexose sugars, reduced tolerance to product and inhibitors. Herein, we discuss availability of feedstocks, various pretreatment and bioprocesses, critical factors affecting bioprocesses, and feasibility of the processes at industrial scale. Along with pretreatment, stress has been laid on the Ethanologens, which could facilitate Ethanol fermentation at high temperatures with the possibility of overcoming the challenges for the development of economical bioprocess.
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Xylose transport in yeast for Lignocellulosic Ethanol production: Current status.
Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 2018Co-Authors: Nilesh Kumar Sharma, Shuvashish Behera, Richa Arora, Sachin Kumar, Rajesh K. SaniAbstract:Lignocellulosic Ethanol has been considered as an alternative transportation fuel. Utilization of hemicellulosic fraction in lignocelluloses is crucial in economical production of Lignocellulosic Ethanol. However, this fraction has not efficiently been utilized by traditional yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetically modified S. cerevisiae, which can utilize xylose, has several limitations including low Ethanol yield, redox imbalance, and undesired metabolite formation similar to native xylose utilizing yeasts. Besides, xylose uptake is a major issue, where sugar transport system plays an important role. These genetically modified and wild-type yeast strains have further been engineered for improved xylose uptake. Various techniques have been employed to facilitate the xylose transportation in these strains. The present review is focused on the sugar transport machineries, mechanisms of xylose transport, limitations and how to deal with xylose transport for xylose assimilation in yeast cells. The recent advances in different techniques to facilitate the xylose transportation have also been discussed.
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bioprospecting thermophilic thermotolerant microbes for production of Lignocellulosic Ethanol a future perspective
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2015Co-Authors: Richa Arora, Shuvashish Behera, Sachin KumarAbstract:The progressive depletion of non-renewable energy sources worldwide, together with the fact that their overexploitation has resulted in environmental deterioration and public health problems, has led to consider alternative sources of energy. Lignocellulose-based bioEthanol is a leading option among alternatives to petroleum-derived transportation fuels due to its potential sustainability. The production of Ethanol through microbial fermentations has generated considerable research interests. Several thermophilic/thermotolerant Ethanologenic species i.e. Clostridium thermocellum, C. thermohydrosulfuricum, C. thermosaccharolyticum, Caldicellulosiruptor sp., Thermotoga sp., Thermoanaerobium brockii, Thermoanaerobacter Ethanolicus, T. thermo-hydrosulfuricus, T. mathranii, etc., have been isolated and identified as the potential Lignocellulosic Ethanol producers. Use of lignocellulolytic organisms alone at high temperatures could potentially reduce the cellulase requirement. Moreover, such cultures facilitate the Ethanol production at high temperature and offer the possibility of in-situ Ethanol recovery. However, more research on the metabolic pathways, regulation of end-product formation and construction of genetically engineered thermophilic/thermotolerant microorganisms with high tolerance to Ethanol is required for optimal utilization of such microbes in industrial fermentations. Therefore, the present review has been focused on thermophilic/thermotolerant microbes for the production of Ethanol, especially on their catabolic pathways, end-product formation and their future perspectives for industrial applications.
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Bioprospecting thermophilic/thermotolerant microbes for production of Lignocellulosic Ethanol: A future perspective
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2015Co-Authors: Richa Arora, Shuvashish Behera, Sachin KumarAbstract:The progressive depletion of non-renewable energy sources worldwide, together with the fact that their overexploitation has resulted in environmental deterioration and public health problems, has led to consider alternative sources of energy. Lignocellulose-based bioEthanol is a leading option among alternatives to petroleum-derived transportation fuels due to its potential sustainability. The production of Ethanol through microbial fermentations has generated considerable research interests. Several thermophilic/thermotolerant Ethanologenic species i.e. Clostridium thermocellum, C. thermohydrosulfuricum, C. thermosaccharolyticum, Caldicellulosiruptor sp., Thermotoga sp., Thermoanaerobium brockii, Thermoanaerobacter Ethanolicus, T. thermo-hydrosulfuricus, T. mathranii, etc., have been isolated and identified as the potential Lignocellulosic Ethanol producers. Use of lignocellulolytic organisms alone at high temperatures could potentially reduce the cellulase requirement. Moreover, such cultures facilitate the Ethanol production at high temperature and offer the possibility of in-situ Ethanol recovery. However, more research on the metabolic pathways, regulation of end-product formation and construction of genetically engineered thermophilic/thermotolerant microorganisms with high tolerance to Ethanol is required for optimal utilization of such microbes in industrial fermentations. Therefore, the present review has been focused on thermophilic/thermotolerant microbes for the production of Ethanol, especially on their catabolic pathways, end-product formation and their future perspectives for industrial applications.
Wolter Prins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ex-situ catalytic fast pyrolysis of lignin-rich digested stillage over Na/ZSM-5, H/ZSM-5, and Fe/ZSM-5
Energy & Fuels, 2020Co-Authors: Neil Priharto, Stef Ghysels, Frederik Ronsse, Mehmet Pala, Wim Opsomer, Güray Yildiz, Hero J. Heeres, Peter J. Deuss, Wolter PrinsAbstract:The global increase in Lignocellulosic Ethanol production goes in tandem with an increase in lignin-rich stillage that remains underutilized to date. Anaerobic digestion could valorize residual (bi...
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Production and characterization of slow pyrolysis biochar from lignin-rich digested stillage from Lignocellulosic Ethanol production
2019Co-Authors: Stef Ghysels, Frederik Ronsse, Dane Dickinson, Wolter PrinsAbstract:Lignin-rich digested stillage as a novel feedstock for biochar production was subjected to slow pyrolysis. The lignin residue stemmed from a Lignocellulosic Ethanol pilot run with poplar, from which the stillage was anaerobically digested prior to pyrolysis. Pyrolysis conditions were optimized to meet guidelines put forth by the International Biochar Initiative and the European Biochar Certificate (molar H/C-org ratio and O/C-org ratio
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Production and characterization of slow pyrolysis biochar from lignin-rich digested stillage from Lignocellulosic Ethanol production
Biomass and Bioenergy, 2019Co-Authors: Stef Ghysels, Frederik Ronsse, Dane Dickinson, Wolter PrinsAbstract:Abstract Lignin-rich digested stillage as a novel feedstock for biochar production was subjected to slow pyrolysis. The lignin residue stemmed from a Lignocellulosic Ethanol pilot run with poplar, from which the stillage was anaerobically digested prior to pyrolysis. Pyrolysis conditions were optimized to meet guidelines put forth by the International Biochar Initiative and the European Biochar Certificate (molar H/Corg ratio 0.7 and O/Corg ratio 0.4 ), as biochar could be carbon-negative upon soil amendment, while reallocating nutrients to the field. Bench-scale pyrolysis of the lignin residue and straw were conducted according to a 33 factorial design with center runs (ranges: 370–450 °C highest treatment temperature, 5–45 min holding time and 5–50 °C.min−1 heating rate). Parametric and nonparametric statistics revealed that the highest treatment temperature was by far the most influencing factor for both feedstocks which ‘pushed’ H/C and O/C ratios within the desired range. Lignin-based biochar can be obtained with 50.7% yield, a H/C ratio of 0.70 and an O/C ratio of 0.20, already at 384 °C. This is considerably better when compared to straw-based biochar with identical H/C and O/C ratios, which came with a lower yield (33.7%) and required a modestly higher temperature (410 °C). Results from this study emphasize the feasibility to integrate slow pyrolysis in a Lignocellulosic biorefinery.
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production and characterization of slow pyrolysis biochar from lignin rich digested stillage from Lignocellulosic Ethanol production
ISSN: 0961-9534, 2019Co-Authors: Stef Ghysels, Frederik Ronsse, Dane Dickinson, Wolter PrinsAbstract:Lignin-rich digested stillage as a novel feedstock for biochar production was subjected to slow pyrolysis. The lignin residue stemmed from a Lignocellulosic Ethanol pilot run with poplar, from which the stillage was anaerobically digested prior to pyrolysis. Pyrolysis conditions were optimized to meet guidelines put forth by the International Biochar Initiative and the European Biochar Certificate (molar H/C-org ratio and O/C-org ratio <0.4), as biochar could be carbon-negative upon soil amendment, while reallocating nutrients to the field. Bench-scale pyrolysis of the lignin residue and straw were conducted according to a 3(3) factorial design with center runs (ranges: 370-450 degrees C highest treatment temperature, 5-45 min holding time and 5-50 degrees C.min(-1) heating rate). Parametric and nonparametric statistics revealed that the highest treatment temperature was by far the most influencing factor for both feedstocks which 'pushed' H/C and O/C ratios within the desired range. Lignin-based biochar can be obtained with 50.7% yield, a H/C ratio of 0.70 and an O/C ratio of 0.20, already at 384 degrees C. This is considerably better when compared to straw-based biochar with identical H/C and O/C ratios, which came with a lower yield (33.7%) and required a modestly higher temperature (410 degrees C). Results from this study emphasize the feasibility to integrate slow pyrolysis in a Lignocellulosic biorefinery.
Richa Arora - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Lignocellulosic Ethanol: Feedstocks and Bioprocessing
Bioethanol Production from Food Crops, 2019Co-Authors: Richa Arora, Nilesh Kumar Sharma, Sachin Kumar, Rajesh K. SaniAbstract:Abstract Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) from various sources, including agriculture, industries, forestry, and municipalities has the promising potential for the production of bioEthanol. However, the recalcitrant nature of this complex biomass can be overpowered by several pretreatment techniques for increasing the accessibility of the hydrolytic enzymes to produce fermentable sugars. Apart from the recalcitrance of LCB, another challenge is potential Ethanologen, which aid in high Ethanol yield. The current technologies in use suffer with various drawbacks including low Ethanol yield, Ethanol productivity, cofermentation of pentose and hexose sugars, reduced tolerance to product and inhibitors. Herein, we discuss availability of feedstocks, various pretreatment and bioprocesses, critical factors affecting bioprocesses, and feasibility of the processes at industrial scale. Along with pretreatment, stress has been laid on the Ethanologens, which could facilitate Ethanol fermentation at high temperatures with the possibility of overcoming the challenges for the development of economical bioprocess.
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Xylose transport in yeast for Lignocellulosic Ethanol production: Current status.
Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 2018Co-Authors: Nilesh Kumar Sharma, Shuvashish Behera, Richa Arora, Sachin Kumar, Rajesh K. SaniAbstract:Lignocellulosic Ethanol has been considered as an alternative transportation fuel. Utilization of hemicellulosic fraction in lignocelluloses is crucial in economical production of Lignocellulosic Ethanol. However, this fraction has not efficiently been utilized by traditional yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetically modified S. cerevisiae, which can utilize xylose, has several limitations including low Ethanol yield, redox imbalance, and undesired metabolite formation similar to native xylose utilizing yeasts. Besides, xylose uptake is a major issue, where sugar transport system plays an important role. These genetically modified and wild-type yeast strains have further been engineered for improved xylose uptake. Various techniques have been employed to facilitate the xylose transportation in these strains. The present review is focused on the sugar transport machineries, mechanisms of xylose transport, limitations and how to deal with xylose transport for xylose assimilation in yeast cells. The recent advances in different techniques to facilitate the xylose transportation have also been discussed.
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bioprospecting thermophilic thermotolerant microbes for production of Lignocellulosic Ethanol a future perspective
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2015Co-Authors: Richa Arora, Shuvashish Behera, Sachin KumarAbstract:The progressive depletion of non-renewable energy sources worldwide, together with the fact that their overexploitation has resulted in environmental deterioration and public health problems, has led to consider alternative sources of energy. Lignocellulose-based bioEthanol is a leading option among alternatives to petroleum-derived transportation fuels due to its potential sustainability. The production of Ethanol through microbial fermentations has generated considerable research interests. Several thermophilic/thermotolerant Ethanologenic species i.e. Clostridium thermocellum, C. thermohydrosulfuricum, C. thermosaccharolyticum, Caldicellulosiruptor sp., Thermotoga sp., Thermoanaerobium brockii, Thermoanaerobacter Ethanolicus, T. thermo-hydrosulfuricus, T. mathranii, etc., have been isolated and identified as the potential Lignocellulosic Ethanol producers. Use of lignocellulolytic organisms alone at high temperatures could potentially reduce the cellulase requirement. Moreover, such cultures facilitate the Ethanol production at high temperature and offer the possibility of in-situ Ethanol recovery. However, more research on the metabolic pathways, regulation of end-product formation and construction of genetically engineered thermophilic/thermotolerant microorganisms with high tolerance to Ethanol is required for optimal utilization of such microbes in industrial fermentations. Therefore, the present review has been focused on thermophilic/thermotolerant microbes for the production of Ethanol, especially on their catabolic pathways, end-product formation and their future perspectives for industrial applications.
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Bioprospecting thermophilic/thermotolerant microbes for production of Lignocellulosic Ethanol: A future perspective
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2015Co-Authors: Richa Arora, Shuvashish Behera, Sachin KumarAbstract:The progressive depletion of non-renewable energy sources worldwide, together with the fact that their overexploitation has resulted in environmental deterioration and public health problems, has led to consider alternative sources of energy. Lignocellulose-based bioEthanol is a leading option among alternatives to petroleum-derived transportation fuels due to its potential sustainability. The production of Ethanol through microbial fermentations has generated considerable research interests. Several thermophilic/thermotolerant Ethanologenic species i.e. Clostridium thermocellum, C. thermohydrosulfuricum, C. thermosaccharolyticum, Caldicellulosiruptor sp., Thermotoga sp., Thermoanaerobium brockii, Thermoanaerobacter Ethanolicus, T. thermo-hydrosulfuricus, T. mathranii, etc., have been isolated and identified as the potential Lignocellulosic Ethanol producers. Use of lignocellulolytic organisms alone at high temperatures could potentially reduce the cellulase requirement. Moreover, such cultures facilitate the Ethanol production at high temperature and offer the possibility of in-situ Ethanol recovery. However, more research on the metabolic pathways, regulation of end-product formation and construction of genetically engineered thermophilic/thermotolerant microorganisms with high tolerance to Ethanol is required for optimal utilization of such microbes in industrial fermentations. Therefore, the present review has been focused on thermophilic/thermotolerant microbes for the production of Ethanol, especially on their catabolic pathways, end-product formation and their future perspectives for industrial applications.
Edgard Gnansounou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Technoeconomic Analysis of Lignocellulosic Ethanol
Biofuels, 2011Co-Authors: Edgard Gnansounou, A. DauriatAbstract:Publisher Summary The first detailed technical reports on technoeconomic evaluation of Lignocellulosic Ethanol found in the literature concerning the U.S. cases date back to the mid-1980s. Especially in 1987, the U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) received several technical reports delivered by subcontractors. The review undertaken in this chapter raises the issue and finding that the contribution of biomass cost to the overall production cost of Lignocellulosic bioEthanol proves to be one of the most significant. The importance of Lignocellulosic Ethanol stems from the assumed possibility of using inexpensive feedstock, avoid direct and indirect competition with human food and animal feed, and reduce environmental risks, that is, soil degradation, and water and air pollution, which are associated with first-generation biofuels. Compared to technoeconomic analysis of the usual products, Lignocellulosic Ethanol shows distinguished characteristics as significant variety of pathways, especially the possibility to use a large range of feedstock, high uncertainty about the economic drivers, large number of stakeholders involved in the pathways, and uncertainties related to their interactions.
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production and use of Lignocellulosic bioEthanol in europe current situation and perspectives
Bioresource Technology, 2010Co-Authors: Edgard GnansounouAbstract:Contrary to the case of the United States where a systematic management of the RD&D on Lignocellulosic Ethanol prevails, in Europe the research works remain fragmented despite the efforts made by the European Union and in few member states. In most of the European countries, sustainable Lignocellulosic resources may not be widely available in the future for bioEthanol production due to the possible competition between several potential usages. Thus the actual deployment of the Lignocellulosic bioEthanol in Europe will depend on the opportunity costs of biomass on one side and on the prices of Ethanol and gasoline on the other side. While the papers on Lignocellulosic Ethanol often emphasize technology progress, this review paper also addresses policy measures. It is found that, especially in Europe where security of oil supply will be lower in long term, the policy instruments should explicitly reward the higher value of Lignocellulosic Ethanol compared to first the generation Ethanol and gasoline.
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Techno-economic analysis of Lignocellulosic Ethanol: A review
Bioresource Technology, 2010Co-Authors: Edgard Gnansounou, A. DauriatAbstract:Lignocellulosic Ethanol is expected to be commercialised during the next decade as renewable energy for transport. Competiveness with first generation bioEthanol and with gasoline is commonly considered in techno-economic analyses for commercial stage. Several existing reviews conclude about the high spread of current and projected production costs of Lignocellulosic Ethanol due to the significant differences in assumptions concerning the following factors: composition and cost of feedstock, process design, conversion efficiency, valorisation of co-products, and energy conservation. Focusing on the studies in the United States of America and in Europe, the present review investigates the different natures of the techno-economic evaluations during the development process of the supply chain i.e., standard costing with respect to Value Engineering, and Target Costing based on the projected market price. The paper highlights the significant contribution of feedstock to the Lignocellulosic Ethanol production cost and the need to consider competition between different uses for resources. It is recommended the use of a value-based approach that considers sustainability characteristics and potential competition for resources complementarily to Target Costing and Value Engineering.
Shuvashish Behera - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Xylose transport in yeast for Lignocellulosic Ethanol production: Current status.
Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 2018Co-Authors: Nilesh Kumar Sharma, Shuvashish Behera, Richa Arora, Sachin Kumar, Rajesh K. SaniAbstract:Lignocellulosic Ethanol has been considered as an alternative transportation fuel. Utilization of hemicellulosic fraction in lignocelluloses is crucial in economical production of Lignocellulosic Ethanol. However, this fraction has not efficiently been utilized by traditional yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetically modified S. cerevisiae, which can utilize xylose, has several limitations including low Ethanol yield, redox imbalance, and undesired metabolite formation similar to native xylose utilizing yeasts. Besides, xylose uptake is a major issue, where sugar transport system plays an important role. These genetically modified and wild-type yeast strains have further been engineered for improved xylose uptake. Various techniques have been employed to facilitate the xylose transportation in these strains. The present review is focused on the sugar transport machineries, mechanisms of xylose transport, limitations and how to deal with xylose transport for xylose assimilation in yeast cells. The recent advances in different techniques to facilitate the xylose transportation have also been discussed.
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bioprospecting thermophilic thermotolerant microbes for production of Lignocellulosic Ethanol a future perspective
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2015Co-Authors: Richa Arora, Shuvashish Behera, Sachin KumarAbstract:The progressive depletion of non-renewable energy sources worldwide, together with the fact that their overexploitation has resulted in environmental deterioration and public health problems, has led to consider alternative sources of energy. Lignocellulose-based bioEthanol is a leading option among alternatives to petroleum-derived transportation fuels due to its potential sustainability. The production of Ethanol through microbial fermentations has generated considerable research interests. Several thermophilic/thermotolerant Ethanologenic species i.e. Clostridium thermocellum, C. thermohydrosulfuricum, C. thermosaccharolyticum, Caldicellulosiruptor sp., Thermotoga sp., Thermoanaerobium brockii, Thermoanaerobacter Ethanolicus, T. thermo-hydrosulfuricus, T. mathranii, etc., have been isolated and identified as the potential Lignocellulosic Ethanol producers. Use of lignocellulolytic organisms alone at high temperatures could potentially reduce the cellulase requirement. Moreover, such cultures facilitate the Ethanol production at high temperature and offer the possibility of in-situ Ethanol recovery. However, more research on the metabolic pathways, regulation of end-product formation and construction of genetically engineered thermophilic/thermotolerant microorganisms with high tolerance to Ethanol is required for optimal utilization of such microbes in industrial fermentations. Therefore, the present review has been focused on thermophilic/thermotolerant microbes for the production of Ethanol, especially on their catabolic pathways, end-product formation and their future perspectives for industrial applications.
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Bioprospecting thermophilic/thermotolerant microbes for production of Lignocellulosic Ethanol: A future perspective
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2015Co-Authors: Richa Arora, Shuvashish Behera, Sachin KumarAbstract:The progressive depletion of non-renewable energy sources worldwide, together with the fact that their overexploitation has resulted in environmental deterioration and public health problems, has led to consider alternative sources of energy. Lignocellulose-based bioEthanol is a leading option among alternatives to petroleum-derived transportation fuels due to its potential sustainability. The production of Ethanol through microbial fermentations has generated considerable research interests. Several thermophilic/thermotolerant Ethanologenic species i.e. Clostridium thermocellum, C. thermohydrosulfuricum, C. thermosaccharolyticum, Caldicellulosiruptor sp., Thermotoga sp., Thermoanaerobium brockii, Thermoanaerobacter Ethanolicus, T. thermo-hydrosulfuricus, T. mathranii, etc., have been isolated and identified as the potential Lignocellulosic Ethanol producers. Use of lignocellulolytic organisms alone at high temperatures could potentially reduce the cellulase requirement. Moreover, such cultures facilitate the Ethanol production at high temperature and offer the possibility of in-situ Ethanol recovery. However, more research on the metabolic pathways, regulation of end-product formation and construction of genetically engineered thermophilic/thermotolerant microorganisms with high tolerance to Ethanol is required for optimal utilization of such microbes in industrial fermentations. Therefore, the present review has been focused on thermophilic/thermotolerant microbes for the production of Ethanol, especially on their catabolic pathways, end-product formation and their future perspectives for industrial applications.