The Experts below are selected from a list of 127287 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jana M Iverson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Development of coordinated communication in infants at heightened risk for autism spectrum disorder
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2015Co-Authors: Meaghan V Parlade, Jana M IversonAbstract:This study evaluated the extent to which Developmental change in coordination of social communication in early infancy differentiates children eventually diagnosed with ASD from those not likely to develop the disorder. A prospective longitudinal design was used to compare nine infants at heightened risk for ASD (HR) later diagnosed with ASD, to 13 HR infants with language delay, 28 HR infants with no diagnosis, and 30 low risk infants. Hierarchical linear modeling analyses revealed that ASD infants exhibited significantly slower growth in coordinations overall and in gestures coordinated with vocalizations, even relative to HR infants with language delay. Disruption in the Development of gesture–vocalization coordinations may result in negative cascading effects that adversely impact later social and Linguistic Development.
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communicative and Linguistic Development in preterm children a longitudinal study from 12 to 24 months
International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 2009Co-Authors: Allegra Cattani, Jana M Iverson, Serena Bonifacio, Mariacristina Fertz, Elisabetta Zocconi, Cristina M CaselliAbstract:Background: Research conducted on preterm children’s Linguistic skills has provided varying pictures, and the question of whether and to what extent preterm children are delayed in early language acquisition remains largely unresolved. Aims: To examine communicative and Linguistic Development during the second year in a group of Italian children born prematurely using the ‘Primo Vocabolario del Bambino’ (PVB), the Italian version of the MacArthur – Bates Communicative Development Inventory. The primary goal was to compare action/gesture production, word comprehension, and word production, and the relationship between these three domains in preterm children and to normative data obtained from a large sample of Italian children born at term. A second aim was to address the longstanding debate regarding the use of chronological versus corrected gestational age in the assessment of preterm children’s abilities. Methods & Procedures: Parents of twelve preterm children completed the PVB questionnaire at five age points during the children’s second year, and scores were compared with those from a normative sample of full-term children and those of 59 full-term children selected as a control group from the normative sample for the PVB. Outcomes & Results: Preterm children exhibited a delay in all three aspects of communication and language. In particular, communicative –Linguistic age tended to lag approximately 3 months behind chronological age when children were between the ages of 12 and 24 months. When chronological age was used, preterm children’s percentile scores for all three components of communication and language fell within the lower limits of the normal range, while scores calculated using corrected age either fell at or above the 50th percentile. Conclusions & Implications: Findings suggest that despite the significant biological risk engendered by premature birth, early communicative and Linguistic Development appears to proceed in a relatively robust fashion among preterm children, with tight relations across communicative domains as in full-term children. Employing both chronological and corrected gestational age criteria in the evaluation of preterm children’s abilities may provide important information about their progress in language acquisition. This may be especially important during the initial stages of communicative and Linguistic Development, inasmuch as comparisons of the two sets of scores may provide clinicians with a way to distinguish children who may be at risk for language problems from those who may be expected to progress normally.
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gestural signed and spoken modalities in early language Development the role of Linguistic input
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2002Co-Authors: Olga Capirci, Jana M Iverson, Sandro Montanari, Virginia VolterraAbstract:The aim of the present study was to examine potential effects of early exposure to sign language on the use of communicative gestures by a bilingual hearing child of deaf parents. Data collected monthly during the first two years were analyzed in order to identify types and tokens of communicative gestures, words, and signs and the ways in which they were combined. These data are compared with those obtained from 12 monolingual hearing children observed at 16 and 20 months of age who were exposed only to spoken language. Findings suggest that while exposure to sign language does not seem to provide the bilingual child with an advantage in the rate of early Linguistic Development, it does appear to influence the extent to which he communicated in the manual modality and made use of its representational and combinatorial potential.
Sergiu P Pasca - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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motor abnormalities as a putative endophenotype for autism spectrum disorders
Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 2013Co-Authors: Gianluca Esposito, Sergiu P PascaAbstract:Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) represent a complex group of behaviorally defined conditions with core deficits in social communication and the presence of repetitive and restrictive behaviors. To date, neuropathological studies have failed to identify pathognomonic cellular features for ASDs and there remains a fundamental disconnection between the complex clinical aspects of ASDs and the underlying neurobiology. Although not listed among the core diagnostic domains of impairment in ASDs, motor abnormalities have been consistently reported across the spectrum. In this perspective article, we summarize the evidence that supports the use of motor abnormalities as a putative endophenotype for ASDs. We argue that because these motor abnormalities do not directly depend on social or Linguistic Development, they may serve as an early disease indicator. Furthermore, we propose that stratifying patients based on motor Development could be useful not only as an outcome predictor and in identifying more specific treatments for different ASDs categories, but also in exposing neurobiological mechanisms.
D M Tait - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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video analysis a method of assessing changes in preverbal and early Linguistic communication after cochlear implantation
Ear and Hearing, 1993Co-Authors: D M TaitAbstract:As the age of cochlear implantation in children decreases, there is an increasing need for methods to monitor the preverbal and early Linguistic Development of children fitted with these devices. One method that has been used successfully to monitor children wearing acoustic amplifying hearing aids entails the video recording over time of child-adult interactions in a conversational setting, and the subsequent methodical analysis of various aspects of the interaction. These aspects include eye contact, turn taking, autonomy, and auditory processing. The same method has been applied to children wearing the Nucleus 22-electrode cochlear implant system. An overview is given of the video analysis results for a group of 10 children studied from a period before implantation up to one year postimplantation. The results illustrate group changes in the various measures due to the provision of auditory information by the cochlear implant, plus the scatter of individual data. It is concluded that early indications of progress over time generally predict the level of functioning achieved at 12 months postimplantation. The method provides essential objective information, which enables discrete changes in behavior to be monitored realistically. Two case studies are presented to illustrate the application of the video analysis method to obtain information for clinical management of children with cochlear implants.
Virginia Volterra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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gesture and the emergence and Development of language
2004Co-Authors: Virginia Volterra, Olga Capirci, Maria Cristina Caselli, Elena Pizzuto, Michael Tomasello, D Slobin, Eds Elizabeth Bates, A FestschriftAbstract:During the autumn of 2002, just a few weeks before we would discover about her disease, Liz and I were walking through Rome, talking about work and a dream we had. We wanted to write something together again, something about gesture—a topic in which we had been interested since we started our lifelong collaboration and profound friendship, about thirty years ago. We were aware that many of our old ideas about the role of gesture in children’s Linguistic Development were suddenly becoming extremely “modern” and we were planning to articulate our current perspective (old and new at the same time) by doing a critical review of recent work carried on in different laboratories and countries. As we had done many times in the past, we started to write the manuscript “a due mani” (two-handed) but despite the attempts we made during the first half of this awful 2003, we did not have enough energy to complete that work. The present chapter is meant to be a modest, partial attempt to realize that dream: it has been written “a quattro mani” (four-handed) by four people of the “Nomentana Lab” who share a common debt: a debt of immense gratitude to Liz who has forever marked their life with her unique, intense depth and generosity, as a scientist and as a human being.
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gestural signed and spoken modalities in early language Development the role of Linguistic input
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2002Co-Authors: Olga Capirci, Jana M Iverson, Sandro Montanari, Virginia VolterraAbstract:The aim of the present study was to examine potential effects of early exposure to sign language on the use of communicative gestures by a bilingual hearing child of deaf parents. Data collected monthly during the first two years were analyzed in order to identify types and tokens of communicative gestures, words, and signs and the ways in which they were combined. These data are compared with those obtained from 12 monolingual hearing children observed at 16 and 20 months of age who were exposed only to spoken language. Findings suggest that while exposure to sign language does not seem to provide the bilingual child with an advantage in the rate of early Linguistic Development, it does appear to influence the extent to which he communicated in the manual modality and made use of its representational and combinatorial potential.
Carrie Lou Garberoglio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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atypical signed language Development a case study of challenges with visual spatial processing
Cognitive Neuropsychology, 2013Co-Authors: David Quintopozos, Susan C Levine, Jenny L Singleton, Peter Hauser, Carrie Lou GarberoglioAbstract:In signed languages, the articulatory space in front of the signer is used grammatically, topographically, and to depict a real or imagined space around a signer and thus is an important consideration in signed language acquisition. It has been suggested that children who acquire signed languages rely on concomitant visual–spatial Development to support their Linguistic Development. We consider the case of a native-signing deaf adolescent female with average intelligence who had been reported to struggle with spatial aspects of American Sign Language (ASL) as a child. Results of a battery of Linguistic and nonLinguistic tests suggest that she has relatively good ASL skills with the exception of some specific difficulties on spatial tasks that require attention to ASL and nonLinguistic topographic space or changes in visual perspective (e.g., classifiers and referential shift). This child has some difficulties with visual–spatial abilities, and we suggest that this has affected her acquisition of those asp...