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Hsuan-chih Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Behavioural evidence for segments as subordinate units in Chinese spoken Word Production: The form-preparation paradigm revisited.
PloS one, 2019Co-Authors: Jie Wang, Andus Wing-kuen Wong, Yiu-kei Tsang, Suiping Wang, Hsuan-chih ChenAbstract:It is widely acknowledged that phonemic segments are primary phonological units, processed serially, in spoken Word Production of Germanic languages. However, evidence for a behavioural effect of single-segment overlap on Chinese spoken Word Production is lacking. The current study adopted the form-preparation paradigm to investigate the effects of segment predictability and segment repetition separately, which were mixed in previous studies. Native Mandarin Chinese speakers named pictures in the following conditions: predictable, unpredictable, and no segment repetition. Different positions in Words (i.e., the onset and the rhyme) were examined at the same time. Results revealed a facilitation effect of onset predictability masked by an inhibition tendency of onset repetition, indicating Chinese speakers' ability to prepare the predictable onset. In contrast, rhyme predictability showed a non-significant effect. This pattern of results did not change no matter whether the conditions of unpredictable onset repetition and unpredictable rhyme repetition were mixed in the same context (Experiment 1) or extracted from different blocked contexts (Experiment 2). The finding provides essential support to the claim that phonemic segments are functionally engaged in Chinese spoken Word Production, and thus adds original evidence to the universal aspect of spoken Word Production.
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Primary phonological planning units in spoken Word Production are language-specific: Evidence from an ERP study
Scientific reports, 2017Co-Authors: Jie Wang, Andus Wing-kuen Wong, Suiping Wang, Hsuan-chih ChenAbstract:It is widely acknowledged in Germanic languages that segments are the primary planning units at the phonological encoding stage of spoken Word Production. Mixed results, however, have been found in Chinese, and it is still unclear what roles syllables and segments play in planning Chinese spoken Word Production. In the current study, participants were asked to first prepare and later produce disyllabic Mandarin Words upon picture prompts and a response cue while electroencephalogram (EEG) signals were recorded. Each two consecutive pictures implicitly formed a pair of prime and target, whose names shared the same Word-initial atonal syllable or the same Word-initial segments, or were unrelated in the control conditions. Only syllable repetition induced significant effects on event-related brain potentials (ERPs) after target onset: a widely distributed positivity in the 200- to 400-ms interval and an anterior positivity in the 400- to 600-ms interval. We interpret these to reflect syllable-size representations at the phonological encoding and phonetic encoding stages. Our results provide the first electrophysiological evidence for the distinct role of syllables in producing Mandarin spoken Words, supporting a language specificity hypothesis about the primary phonological units in spoken Word Production.
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Time course of syllabic and sub-syllabic processing in Mandarin Word Production: Evidence from the picture-Word interference paradigm.
Psychonomic bulletin & review, 2017Co-Authors: Jie Wang, Andus Wing-kuen Wong, Hsuan-chih ChenAbstract:The time course of phonological encoding in Mandarin monosyllabic Word Production was investigated by using the picture-Word interference paradigm. Participants were asked to name pictures in Mandarin while visual distractor Words were presented before, at, or after picture onset (i.e., stimulus-onset asynchrony/SOA = -100, 0, or +100 ms, respectively). Compared with the unrelated control, the distractors sharing atonal syllables with the picture names significantly facilitated the naming responses at -100- and 0-ms SOAs. In addition, the facilitation effect of sharing Word-initial segments only appeared at 0-ms SOA, and null effects were found for sharing Word-final segments. These results indicate that both syllables and subsyllabic units play important roles in Mandarin spoken Word Production and more critically that syllabic processing precedes subsyllabic processing. The current results lend strong support to the proximate units principle (O'Seaghdha, Chen, & Chen, 2010), which holds that the phonological structure of spoken Word Production is language-specific and that atonal syllables are the proximate phonological units in Mandarin Chinese. On the other hand, the significance of Word-initial segments over Word-final segments suggests that serial processing of segmental information seems to be universal across Germanic languages and Chinese, which remains to be verified in future studies.
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Independent effects of orthographic and phonological facilitation on spoken Word Production in Mandarin.
Language and speech, 2009Co-Authors: Qingfang Zhang, Hsuan-chih Chen, Brendan S. Weekes, Yufang YangAbstract:A picture-Word interference paradigm with visually presented distractors was used to investigate the independent effects of orthographic and phonological facilitation on Mandarin monosyllabic Word Production. Both the stimulus-onset asynchrony (SOA) and the picture-Word relationship along different lexical dimensions were varied. We observed a pure orthographic facilitation effect and a pure phonological facilitation effect, and found that the patterns of orthographic and phonological facilitation were different. Of most interest, the additive effects of orthographic and phonological facilitation at -150-ms and 0-ms SOAs indicated that the orthographic effect was largely independent of the phonological effect on spoken picture naming. We argue that the present findings are useful for constraining theoretical models of language Production and contend that theoretical models of Word Production need to consider independent effects of orthography and phonology on picture naming, at least in Chinese.
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Processing segmental and prosodic information in Cantonese Word Production.
Journal of experimental psychology. Learning memory and cognition, 2008Co-Authors: Andus Wing-kuen Wong, Hsuan-chih ChenAbstract:Five experiments were conducted to investigate how subsyllabic, syllabic, and prosodic information is processed in Cantonese monosyllabic Word Production. A picture-Word interference task was used in which a target picture and a distractor Word were presented simultaneously or sequentially. In the first 3 experiments with visually presented distractors, null effects on naming latencies were found when the distractor and the picture name shared the onset, the rhyme, the tone, or both the onset and tone. However, significant facilitation effects were obtained when the target and the distractor shared the rhyme + tone (Experiment 2), the segmental syllable (Experiment 3), or the syllable + tone (Experiment 3). Similar results were found in Experiments 4 and 5 with spoken rather than visual distractors. Moreover, a significant facilitation effect was observed in the rhyme-related condition in Experiment 5, and this effect was not affected by the degree of phonological overlap between the target and the distractor. These results are interpreted in an interactive model, which allows feedback sending from the subsyllabic to the lexical level during the phonological encoding stage in Cantonese Word Production.
P Indefrey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Time course of Word Production does not support a parallel input architecture
Language Cognition and Neuroscience, 2013Co-Authors: P IndefreyAbstract:Hickok's enterprise to unify psycholinguistic and motor control models is highly stimulating. Nonetheless, there are problems of the model with respect to the time course of neural activation in Word Production, the flexibility for continuous speech, and the need for non-motor feedback.
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the spatial and temporal signatures of Word Production components a critical update
Frontiers in Psychology, 2011Co-Authors: P IndefreyAbstract:In the first decade of neurocognitive Word Production research the predominant approach was brain mapping, i.e. investigating the regional cerebral brain activation patterns correlated with Word Production tasks, such as picture naming and Word generation. Indefrey and Levelt (2004) conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of Word Production studies that used this approach and combined the resulting spatial information on neural correlates of component processes of Word Production with information on the time course of Word Production provided by behavioral and electromagnetic studies. In recent years, neurocognitive Word Production research has seen a major change towards a hypothesis testing approach. This approach is characterized by the design of experimental variables modulating single component processes of Word Production and testing for predicted effects on spatial or temporal neurocognitive signatures of these components. This change was accompanied by the development of a broader spectrum of measurement and analysis techniques. The article reviews the findings of recent studies using the new approach. The time course assumptions of Indefrey and Levelt (2004) have largely been confirmed requiring only minor adaptations. Adaptations of the brain structure/function relationships proposed by Indefrey and Levelt (2004) include the precise role of subregions of the left inferior frontal gyrus as well as a probable, yet to date unclear role of the inferior parietal cortex in Word Production.
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The spatial and temporal signatures of Word Production components.
Cognition, 2004Co-Authors: P Indefrey, W J M LeveltAbstract:This paper presents the results of a comprehensive meta-analysis of the relevant imaging literature on Word Production (82 experiments). In addition to the spatial overlap of activated regions, we also analyzed the available data on the time course of activations. The analysis specified regions and time windows of activation for the core processes of Word Production: lexical selection, phonological code retrieval, syllabification, and phonetic/articulatory preparation. A comparison of the Word Production results with studies on auditory Word/non-Word perception and reading showed that the time course of activations in Word Production is, on the whole, compatible with the temporal constraints that perception processes impose on the Production processes they affect in picture/Word interference paradigms.
Katie L. Mcmahon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The neurobiology of taboo language processing: fMRI evidence during spoken Word Production
Social cognitive and affective neuroscience, 2019Co-Authors: Samuel J. Hansen, Katie L. Mcmahon, Greig I. De ZubicarayAbstract:Every language has Words deemed to be socially inappropriate or ‘taboo’ to utter. Taboo Word Production appears prominently in language disorders following brain injury. Yet, we know little about the cognitive and neural mechanisms involved in processing taboo compared to neutral language. In the present study, we introduced taboo distractor Words in the picture Word interference paradigm during functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate how these Words influence spoken Word Production. Taboo distractor Words significantly slowed picture-naming latencies compared to neutral Words. This interference effect was associated with increased blood oxygen level dependent signal across a distributed thalamo-cortical network including bilateral anterior cingulate cortex and left inferior frontal gyrus, left posterior middle temporal gyrus and right thalamus. We interpret our findings as being consistent with an account integrating both domain-general attention-capture/distractor blocking and language-specific mechanisms in processing taboo Words during spoken Word Production.
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Interference from related actions in spoken Word Production: Behavioural and fMRI evidence.
Neuropsychologia, 2017Co-Authors: Greig I. De Zubicaray, Douglas Fraser, Kori Ramajoo, Katie L. McmahonAbstract:Few investigations of lexical access in spoken Word Production have investigated the cognitive and neural mechanisms involved in action naming. These are likely to be more complex than the mechanisms involved in object naming, due to the ways in which conceptual features of action Words are represented. The present study employed a blocked cyclic naming paradigm to examine whether related action contexts elicit a semantic interference effect akin to that observed with categorically related objects. Participants named pictures of intransitive actions to avoid a confound with object processing. In Experiment 1, body-part related actions (e.g., running, walking, skating, hopping) were named significantly slower compared to unrelated actions (e.g., laughing, running, waving, hiding). Experiment 2 employed perfusion functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural mechanisms involved in this semantic interference effect. Compared to unrelated actions, naming related actions elicited significant perfusion signal increases in frontotemporal cortex, including bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and hippocampus, and decreases in bilateral posterior temporal, occipital and parietal cortices, including intraparietal sulcus (IPS). The findings demonstrate a role for temporoparietal cortex in conceptual-lexical processing of intransitive action knowledge during spoken Word Production, and support the proposed involvement of interference resolution and incremental learning mechanisms in the blocked cyclic naming paradigm.
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interference from related actions in spoken Word Production behavioural and fmri evidence
Faculty of Health; Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, 2017Co-Authors: Greig I. De Zubicaray, Douglas Fraser, Kori Ramajoo, Katie L. McmahonAbstract:Highlights • Naming of intransitive actions is slower in related versus unrelated contexts. • Associated with perfusion fMRI signal changes in frontal and temporo-parietal regions. • Frontal cortex activity may reflect domain general mechanisms for resolving interference. • Temporo-parietal activity may reflect conceptual-lexical processing of actions. Abstract Few investigations of lexical access in spoken Word Production have investigated the cognitive and neural mechanisms involved in action naming. These are likely to be more complex than the mechanisms involved in object naming, due to the ways in which conceptual features of action Words are represented. The present study employed a blocked cyclic naming paradigm to examine whether related action contexts elicit a semantic interference effect akin to that observed with categorically related objects. Participants named pictures of intransitive actions to avoid a confound with object processing. In Experiment 1, body-part related actions (e.g., running, walking, skating, hopping) were named significantly slower compared to unrelated actions (e.g., laughing, running, waving, hiding). Experiment 2 employed perfusion functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural mechanisms involved in this semantic interference effect. Compared to unrelated actions, naming related actions elicited significant perfusion signal increases in frontotemporal cortex, including bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and hippocampus, and decreases in bilateral posterior temporal, occipital and parietal cortices, including intraparietal sulcus (IPS). The findings demonstrate a role for temporoparietal cortex in conceptual-lexical processing of intransitive action knowledge during spoken Word Production, and support the proposed involvement of interference resolution and incremental learning mechanisms in the blocked cyclic naming paradigm. KeyWords: semantic interference; action naming; fMRI
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differential processing of thematic and categorical conceptual relations in spoken Word Production
Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2013Co-Authors: Greig I. De Zubicaray, Samuel J. Hansen, Katie L. McmahonAbstract:Studies of semantic context effects in spoken Word Production have typically distinguished between categorical (or taxonomic) and associative relations. However, associates tend to confound semantic features or morphological representations, such as whole-part relations and compounds (e.g., BOAT-anchor, BEE-hive). Using a picture-Word interference paradigm and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we manipulated categorical (COW-rat) and thematic (COW-pasture) TARGET-distractor relations in a balanced design, finding interference and facilitation effects on naming latencies, respectively, as well as differential patterns of brain activation compared with an unrelated distractor condition. While both types of distractor relation activated the middle portion of the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) consistent with retrieval of conceptual or lexical representations, categorical relations involved additional activation of posterior left MTG, consistent with retrieval of a lexical cohort. Thematic relations involved additional activation of the left angular gyrus. These results converge with recent lesion evidence implicating the left inferior parietal lobe in processing thematic relations and may indicate a potential role for this region during spoken Word Production.
Greig I. De Zubicaray - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The neurobiology of taboo language processing: fMRI evidence during spoken Word Production
Social cognitive and affective neuroscience, 2019Co-Authors: Samuel J. Hansen, Katie L. Mcmahon, Greig I. De ZubicarayAbstract:Every language has Words deemed to be socially inappropriate or ‘taboo’ to utter. Taboo Word Production appears prominently in language disorders following brain injury. Yet, we know little about the cognitive and neural mechanisms involved in processing taboo compared to neutral language. In the present study, we introduced taboo distractor Words in the picture Word interference paradigm during functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate how these Words influence spoken Word Production. Taboo distractor Words significantly slowed picture-naming latencies compared to neutral Words. This interference effect was associated with increased blood oxygen level dependent signal across a distributed thalamo-cortical network including bilateral anterior cingulate cortex and left inferior frontal gyrus, left posterior middle temporal gyrus and right thalamus. We interpret our findings as being consistent with an account integrating both domain-general attention-capture/distractor blocking and language-specific mechanisms in processing taboo Words during spoken Word Production.
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Interference from related actions in spoken Word Production: Behavioural and fMRI evidence.
Neuropsychologia, 2017Co-Authors: Greig I. De Zubicaray, Douglas Fraser, Kori Ramajoo, Katie L. McmahonAbstract:Few investigations of lexical access in spoken Word Production have investigated the cognitive and neural mechanisms involved in action naming. These are likely to be more complex than the mechanisms involved in object naming, due to the ways in which conceptual features of action Words are represented. The present study employed a blocked cyclic naming paradigm to examine whether related action contexts elicit a semantic interference effect akin to that observed with categorically related objects. Participants named pictures of intransitive actions to avoid a confound with object processing. In Experiment 1, body-part related actions (e.g., running, walking, skating, hopping) were named significantly slower compared to unrelated actions (e.g., laughing, running, waving, hiding). Experiment 2 employed perfusion functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural mechanisms involved in this semantic interference effect. Compared to unrelated actions, naming related actions elicited significant perfusion signal increases in frontotemporal cortex, including bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and hippocampus, and decreases in bilateral posterior temporal, occipital and parietal cortices, including intraparietal sulcus (IPS). The findings demonstrate a role for temporoparietal cortex in conceptual-lexical processing of intransitive action knowledge during spoken Word Production, and support the proposed involvement of interference resolution and incremental learning mechanisms in the blocked cyclic naming paradigm.
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interference from related actions in spoken Word Production behavioural and fmri evidence
Faculty of Health; Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, 2017Co-Authors: Greig I. De Zubicaray, Douglas Fraser, Kori Ramajoo, Katie L. McmahonAbstract:Highlights • Naming of intransitive actions is slower in related versus unrelated contexts. • Associated with perfusion fMRI signal changes in frontal and temporo-parietal regions. • Frontal cortex activity may reflect domain general mechanisms for resolving interference. • Temporo-parietal activity may reflect conceptual-lexical processing of actions. Abstract Few investigations of lexical access in spoken Word Production have investigated the cognitive and neural mechanisms involved in action naming. These are likely to be more complex than the mechanisms involved in object naming, due to the ways in which conceptual features of action Words are represented. The present study employed a blocked cyclic naming paradigm to examine whether related action contexts elicit a semantic interference effect akin to that observed with categorically related objects. Participants named pictures of intransitive actions to avoid a confound with object processing. In Experiment 1, body-part related actions (e.g., running, walking, skating, hopping) were named significantly slower compared to unrelated actions (e.g., laughing, running, waving, hiding). Experiment 2 employed perfusion functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural mechanisms involved in this semantic interference effect. Compared to unrelated actions, naming related actions elicited significant perfusion signal increases in frontotemporal cortex, including bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and hippocampus, and decreases in bilateral posterior temporal, occipital and parietal cortices, including intraparietal sulcus (IPS). The findings demonstrate a role for temporoparietal cortex in conceptual-lexical processing of intransitive action knowledge during spoken Word Production, and support the proposed involvement of interference resolution and incremental learning mechanisms in the blocked cyclic naming paradigm. KeyWords: semantic interference; action naming; fMRI
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differential processing of thematic and categorical conceptual relations in spoken Word Production
Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2013Co-Authors: Greig I. De Zubicaray, Samuel J. Hansen, Katie L. McmahonAbstract:Studies of semantic context effects in spoken Word Production have typically distinguished between categorical (or taxonomic) and associative relations. However, associates tend to confound semantic features or morphological representations, such as whole-part relations and compounds (e.g., BOAT-anchor, BEE-hive). Using a picture-Word interference paradigm and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we manipulated categorical (COW-rat) and thematic (COW-pasture) TARGET-distractor relations in a balanced design, finding interference and facilitation effects on naming latencies, respectively, as well as differential patterns of brain activation compared with an unrelated distractor condition. While both types of distractor relation activated the middle portion of the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) consistent with retrieval of conceptual or lexical representations, categorical relations involved additional activation of posterior left MTG, consistent with retrieval of a lexical cohort. Thematic relations involved additional activation of the left angular gyrus. These results converge with recent lesion evidence implicating the left inferior parietal lobe in processing thematic relations and may indicate a potential role for this region during spoken Word Production.
Jie Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Behavioural evidence for segments as subordinate units in Chinese spoken Word Production: The form-preparation paradigm revisited.
PloS one, 2019Co-Authors: Jie Wang, Andus Wing-kuen Wong, Yiu-kei Tsang, Suiping Wang, Hsuan-chih ChenAbstract:It is widely acknowledged that phonemic segments are primary phonological units, processed serially, in spoken Word Production of Germanic languages. However, evidence for a behavioural effect of single-segment overlap on Chinese spoken Word Production is lacking. The current study adopted the form-preparation paradigm to investigate the effects of segment predictability and segment repetition separately, which were mixed in previous studies. Native Mandarin Chinese speakers named pictures in the following conditions: predictable, unpredictable, and no segment repetition. Different positions in Words (i.e., the onset and the rhyme) were examined at the same time. Results revealed a facilitation effect of onset predictability masked by an inhibition tendency of onset repetition, indicating Chinese speakers' ability to prepare the predictable onset. In contrast, rhyme predictability showed a non-significant effect. This pattern of results did not change no matter whether the conditions of unpredictable onset repetition and unpredictable rhyme repetition were mixed in the same context (Experiment 1) or extracted from different blocked contexts (Experiment 2). The finding provides essential support to the claim that phonemic segments are functionally engaged in Chinese spoken Word Production, and thus adds original evidence to the universal aspect of spoken Word Production.
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Primary phonological planning units in spoken Word Production are language-specific: Evidence from an ERP study
Scientific reports, 2017Co-Authors: Jie Wang, Andus Wing-kuen Wong, Suiping Wang, Hsuan-chih ChenAbstract:It is widely acknowledged in Germanic languages that segments are the primary planning units at the phonological encoding stage of spoken Word Production. Mixed results, however, have been found in Chinese, and it is still unclear what roles syllables and segments play in planning Chinese spoken Word Production. In the current study, participants were asked to first prepare and later produce disyllabic Mandarin Words upon picture prompts and a response cue while electroencephalogram (EEG) signals were recorded. Each two consecutive pictures implicitly formed a pair of prime and target, whose names shared the same Word-initial atonal syllable or the same Word-initial segments, or were unrelated in the control conditions. Only syllable repetition induced significant effects on event-related brain potentials (ERPs) after target onset: a widely distributed positivity in the 200- to 400-ms interval and an anterior positivity in the 400- to 600-ms interval. We interpret these to reflect syllable-size representations at the phonological encoding and phonetic encoding stages. Our results provide the first electrophysiological evidence for the distinct role of syllables in producing Mandarin spoken Words, supporting a language specificity hypothesis about the primary phonological units in spoken Word Production.
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Time course of syllabic and sub-syllabic processing in Mandarin Word Production: Evidence from the picture-Word interference paradigm.
Psychonomic bulletin & review, 2017Co-Authors: Jie Wang, Andus Wing-kuen Wong, Hsuan-chih ChenAbstract:The time course of phonological encoding in Mandarin monosyllabic Word Production was investigated by using the picture-Word interference paradigm. Participants were asked to name pictures in Mandarin while visual distractor Words were presented before, at, or after picture onset (i.e., stimulus-onset asynchrony/SOA = -100, 0, or +100 ms, respectively). Compared with the unrelated control, the distractors sharing atonal syllables with the picture names significantly facilitated the naming responses at -100- and 0-ms SOAs. In addition, the facilitation effect of sharing Word-initial segments only appeared at 0-ms SOA, and null effects were found for sharing Word-final segments. These results indicate that both syllables and subsyllabic units play important roles in Mandarin spoken Word Production and more critically that syllabic processing precedes subsyllabic processing. The current results lend strong support to the proximate units principle (O'Seaghdha, Chen, & Chen, 2010), which holds that the phonological structure of spoken Word Production is language-specific and that atonal syllables are the proximate phonological units in Mandarin Chinese. On the other hand, the significance of Word-initial segments over Word-final segments suggests that serial processing of segmental information seems to be universal across Germanic languages and Chinese, which remains to be verified in future studies.
