The Experts below are selected from a list of 258 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Timothy J Bartness - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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white adipose tissue sensory nerve denervation mimics Lipectomy induced compensatory increases in adiposity
American Journal of Physiology-regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 2005Co-Authors: Timothy J BartnessAbstract:The sensory innervation of white adipose tissue (WAT) is indicated by the labeling of sensory bipolar neurons in the dorsal root ganglion after retrograde dye placement into WAT. In addition, immunoreactivity (ir) for sensory-associated neuropeptides such as calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P in WAT pads also supports the notion of WAT sensory innervation. The function of this sensory innervation is unknown but could involve conveying the degree of adiposity to the brain. In tests of total body fat regulation, partial surgical Lipectomy triggers compensatory increases in the mass of nonexcised WAT, ultimately resulting in restoration of total body fat levels in Siberian hamsters and other animals. The signal that triggers this compensation is unknown but could involve disruption of WAT sensory innervation that accompanies Lipectomy. Therefore, a local and selective sensory denervation was accomplished by microinjecting the sensory nerve neurotoxin capsaicin bilaterally into epididymal WAT (EWAT) of Siberian hamsters, whereas controls received vehicle injections. Additional hamsters had bilateral EWAT Lipectomy (EWATx) or sham Lipectomy. As seen previously, EWATx resulted in significantly increased retroperitoneal WAT (RWAT) and inguinal WAT (IWAT) masses. Capsaicin treatment significantly decreased CGRP- but not tyrosine hydroxylase-ir, attesting to the diminished and selective sensory innervation. Capsaicin-treated hamsters also had increased RWAT and, to a lesser degree, IWAT mass largely mimicking the WAT mass increases seen after Lipectomy. Collectively, these data suggest the possibility that information related to peripheral lipid stores may be conveyed to the brain via the sensory innervation of WAT.
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norepinephrine turnover in brown and white adipose tissue after partial Lipectomy
Physiology & Behavior, 2004Co-Authors: Robert R Bowers, Timothy J BartnessAbstract:Total body fat is restored after the surgical removal (i.e., partial Lipectomy) of white adipose tissue (WAT), and this is accomplished via increases in the mass of nonexcised WAT pads. The underlying mechanism for this apparent regulation of total body fat is unknown. One possibility is via of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) innervation of WAT and brown adipose tissue (BAT) through the regulation of lipolysis and thermogenesis, respectively. Specifically, decreases in SNS activity might fuel Lipectomy-induced body fat compensation through energy saved from decreased BAT thermogenesis and would promote lipid accretion through decreased WAT basal lipolysis. Therefore, we tested whether Lipectomy triggered decreases in the SNS drive [as indicated by the norepinephrine turnover (NETO)] to nonexcised WAT or to BAT, at times before the Lipectomy-induced fat pad mass compensation was complete. Siberian hamsters received either sham or bilateral epididymal WAT Lipectomy, and NETO was measured in the remaining WAT and interscapular BAT (IBAT) before, and 3 and 6 weeks after surgery. Total dissected WAT, and inguinal and retroperitoneal WAT masses were significantly increased following Lipectomy, whereas dorsal subcutaneous WAT and IBAT masses, as well as food intake, were unchanged. The only significant change in NETO was a marked decrease (approximately 90%) in IBAT NETO at Week 3 postLipectomy compared with the sham-lipectomized controls. These findings suggest that the lipid accretion of nonexcised WAT pads triggered by Lipectomy may be partially fueled by decreased BAT thermogenesis, inasmuch as decreased IBAT NETO reflects decreased BAT heat production.
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autologous fat transplants influence compensatory white adipose tissue mass increases after Lipectomy
American Journal of Physiology-regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 2004Co-Authors: Eva L Lacy, Timothy J BartnessAbstract:Direct tests of the hypothesized total body fat regulatory system have been accomplished by partial surgical Lipectomy. This usually results in the restoration of the lipid deficit through compensa...
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the regulation of total body fat lessons learned from Lipectomy studies
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2001Co-Authors: Mary Margaret Mauer, Ruth B S Harris, Timothy J BartnessAbstract:Surgical removal of body fat (partial Lipectomy) is a means of directly reducing fat such that metabolic and behavioral responses can be readily attributed to the lipid deficit. If total body fat is regulated, then Lipectomy should trigger compensatory increases in nonexcised white adipose tissue (WAT) mass and/or regrowth at excision sites. Many species, including laboratory rats and mice, show Lipectomy-induced compensatory recovery of body fat. Those animals exhibiting naturally occurring annual adiposity cycles, such as ground squirrels and hamsters, do so most impressively reaching seasonally appropriate body fat levels indistinguishable from controls. Reparation of the lipid deficit occurs without an increase in food intake, and generally through enlargement of non-excised WAT mass, rather than regrowth of excised WAT. A body fat regulatory system involving humoral and sensory neural inputs to the brain as well as sympathetic neural outputs from brain to adipose tissue is presented. Collectively, the Lipectomy model appears useful for testing mechanisms controlling adiposity, or individual depot growth, and offers insight into how lipid stores fluctuate naturally.
Efterpi Demiri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effects of abdominal Lipectomy in metabolic syndrome components and insulin sensitivity in females a systematic review and meta analysis
Metabolism-clinical and Experimental, 2015Co-Authors: Konstantinos Seretis, Dimitrios G Goulis, Georgios Koliakos, Efterpi DemiriAbstract:Abstract Background Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity, metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Lipectomy offers a unique opportunity to permanently reduce the absolute number of fat cells, though its functional role remains unclear. This systematic and meta-analysis review aims to assess the effect of abdominal Lipectomy on metabolic syndrome components and insulin sensitivity in women. Methods A predetermined protocol, established according to the Cochrane Handbook’s recommendations, was used. An electronic search in MEDLINE, Scopus, the Cochrane Library and CENTRAL electronic databases was conducted from inception to May 14, 2015. This search was supplemented by a review of reference lists of potentially eligible studies and a manual search of key journals in the field of plastic surgery. Eligible studies were prospective studies with ≥ 1 month of follow-up that included females only who underwent abdominal Lipectomy and reported on parameters of metabolic syndrome and insulin sensitivity. Results The systematic review included 11 studies with a total of 271 individuals. Conflicting results were revealed, though most studies showed no significant metabolic effects after Lipectomy. The meta-analysis included 4 studies with 140 subjects. No significant changes were revealed between Lipectomy and control groups. Conclusions This meta-analysis provides evidence that abdominal Lipectomy in females does not affect significantly the components of metabolic syndrome and insulin sensitivity. Further high quality studies are needed to elucidate the potential metabolic effects of abdominal Lipectomy. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42015017564 ( www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO )
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short and long term effects of abdominal Lipectomy on weight and fat mass in females a systematic review
Obesity Surgery, 2015Co-Authors: Konstantinos Seretis, Dimitrios G Goulis, Georgios Koliakos, Efterpi DemiriAbstract:Adipose tissue is considered as an endocrine organ, which is developed in specific depots, distinguished either as subcutaneous or visceral. Lipectomy, by means of liposuction or abdominoplasty, is a common plastic surgery procedure, which can remove substantial amounts of subcutaneous fat. This systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of surgical removal of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue on body weight and fat mass in females in the short- and long-term. A systematic review was conducted using a predetermined protocol established according to the Cochrane Handbook’s recommendations. PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to December 2014. Eligible studies were prospective studies with ≥1 month of follow-up that included female only individuals who underwent Lipectomy of the abdominal region and reported on body weight, body mass index (BMI), or fat mass. Ten studies were included in this systematic review with a total of 231 individuals. A significant weight loss and BMI improvement were reported in 4 out of 5 studies with a mean follow-up of 1–2 months, but in none of the 5 studies with a longer follow-up (3–20 months). Fat mass showed a similar to weight change. The risk of bias was low for the two clinical trials but high for the observational studies included in the review. This systematic review revealed only a transient effect of abdominal Lipectomy in body fat and weight in women, which fades a few months after the operation. These results corroborate the evidence from experimental and clinical studies, which support fat redistribution and compensatory fat growth, as a result of feedback mechanisms, triggered by fat removal. Additional clinical studies, with adequate follow-up, may further elucidate the long-term effects of abdominal Lipectomy in body weight and composition. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42015017564 (www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO)
Konstantinos Seretis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effects of abdominal Lipectomy in metabolic syndrome components and insulin sensitivity in females a systematic review and meta analysis
Metabolism-clinical and Experimental, 2015Co-Authors: Konstantinos Seretis, Dimitrios G Goulis, Georgios Koliakos, Efterpi DemiriAbstract:Abstract Background Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity, metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Lipectomy offers a unique opportunity to permanently reduce the absolute number of fat cells, though its functional role remains unclear. This systematic and meta-analysis review aims to assess the effect of abdominal Lipectomy on metabolic syndrome components and insulin sensitivity in women. Methods A predetermined protocol, established according to the Cochrane Handbook’s recommendations, was used. An electronic search in MEDLINE, Scopus, the Cochrane Library and CENTRAL electronic databases was conducted from inception to May 14, 2015. This search was supplemented by a review of reference lists of potentially eligible studies and a manual search of key journals in the field of plastic surgery. Eligible studies were prospective studies with ≥ 1 month of follow-up that included females only who underwent abdominal Lipectomy and reported on parameters of metabolic syndrome and insulin sensitivity. Results The systematic review included 11 studies with a total of 271 individuals. Conflicting results were revealed, though most studies showed no significant metabolic effects after Lipectomy. The meta-analysis included 4 studies with 140 subjects. No significant changes were revealed between Lipectomy and control groups. Conclusions This meta-analysis provides evidence that abdominal Lipectomy in females does not affect significantly the components of metabolic syndrome and insulin sensitivity. Further high quality studies are needed to elucidate the potential metabolic effects of abdominal Lipectomy. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42015017564 ( www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO )
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short and long term effects of abdominal Lipectomy on weight and fat mass in females a systematic review
Obesity Surgery, 2015Co-Authors: Konstantinos Seretis, Dimitrios G Goulis, Georgios Koliakos, Efterpi DemiriAbstract:Adipose tissue is considered as an endocrine organ, which is developed in specific depots, distinguished either as subcutaneous or visceral. Lipectomy, by means of liposuction or abdominoplasty, is a common plastic surgery procedure, which can remove substantial amounts of subcutaneous fat. This systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of surgical removal of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue on body weight and fat mass in females in the short- and long-term. A systematic review was conducted using a predetermined protocol established according to the Cochrane Handbook’s recommendations. PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to December 2014. Eligible studies were prospective studies with ≥1 month of follow-up that included female only individuals who underwent Lipectomy of the abdominal region and reported on body weight, body mass index (BMI), or fat mass. Ten studies were included in this systematic review with a total of 231 individuals. A significant weight loss and BMI improvement were reported in 4 out of 5 studies with a mean follow-up of 1–2 months, but in none of the 5 studies with a longer follow-up (3–20 months). Fat mass showed a similar to weight change. The risk of bias was low for the two clinical trials but high for the observational studies included in the review. This systematic review revealed only a transient effect of abdominal Lipectomy in body fat and weight in women, which fades a few months after the operation. These results corroborate the evidence from experimental and clinical studies, which support fat redistribution and compensatory fat growth, as a result of feedback mechanisms, triggered by fat removal. Additional clinical studies, with adequate follow-up, may further elucidate the long-term effects of abdominal Lipectomy in body weight and composition. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42015017564 (www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO)
John G. Kral - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Growth of adipose tissue following Lipectomy
New Perspectives in Adipose Tissue, 2013Co-Authors: Irving M. Faust, John G. KralAbstract:Publisher Summary This chapter discusses regrowth of adipose tissue and the nature of that regrowth following Lipectomy. Hypothetically, there are four possible responses to Lipectomy: (1) adipose tissue may regenerate, (2) there may be compensatory growth of non-excised depots, (3) the adipose mass of the body may diminish even further, and (4) there may be no response. In lipectomized experimental animals, adipose tissue regeneration is considered to have occurred if adipose tissue reappears in the dead space created by Lipectomy. This reappearance is not the result of migration of tissue formed elsewhere prior to surgery. In man, proper surgical technique requires the elimination of dead space, so Lipectomy—more usually dermo-Lipectomy—leaves no such dead space. Compensatory growth of adipose tissue has two forms: compensatory hyperplasia and compensatory hypertrophy. There are several types of regrowth or accelerated growth of adipose tissue that occurs after Lipectomy in man under certain conditions. However, the nature of the surgery, the small percentage of body fat removed in such lipectomies, and the difficulties associated with measuring changes in adipose mass in man, make it unlikely that any of these responses can be detected easily. Furthermore, Lipectomy patients are fully developed, non-growing adults, while practically all animal experiments in which regrowth had been seen were performed on young growing animals. It is therefore possible that regeneration and compensatory hyperplasia do not occur in most patients. People who, for genetic reasons, have a high propensity for adipocyte multiplication—for example, the severely obese—can also have a high propensity for adipose tissue regeneration, while people who regain weight lost prior to Lipectomy can experience compensatory growth in remaining adipose tissue.
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surgical treatment of regional adiposity Lipectomy versus surgically induced weight loss
Acta Medica Scandinavica, 2009Co-Authors: John G. KralAbstract:: Recognition of abdominal fat distribution as a significant risk factor raised the question whether surgical treatment of regional adiposity might be feasible or desirable. This is a review of cosmetic and therapeutic Lipectomy in man and experimental Lipectomy in rodents examining morphologic and metabolic aspects as well as conditions for growth and regrowth of adipose tissue. Potentially detrimental metabolic effects of Lipectomy are discussed in the context of the "metabolic sink" hypothesis. Data are also presented on the distribution of weight loss after gastrointestinal surgery for morbid obesity. An obesity-related "elephantiasis" syndrome in superobese men is described. "Giant Lipectomy" in one such case, removing a record 50 kg during one operation, with pre- and postoperative determination of body fat is reported. It is concluded that Lipectomy is not a treatment for obesity with very rare exceptions. Regrowth of adipose tissue is possible under special circumstances. Surgically induced massive weight loss does not seem to cause preferential regional weight loss, though risk-reducing beneficial metabolic effects are achieved after gastrointestinal obesity surgery.
Dimitrios G Goulis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effects of abdominal Lipectomy in metabolic syndrome components and insulin sensitivity in females a systematic review and meta analysis
Metabolism-clinical and Experimental, 2015Co-Authors: Konstantinos Seretis, Dimitrios G Goulis, Georgios Koliakos, Efterpi DemiriAbstract:Abstract Background Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity, metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Lipectomy offers a unique opportunity to permanently reduce the absolute number of fat cells, though its functional role remains unclear. This systematic and meta-analysis review aims to assess the effect of abdominal Lipectomy on metabolic syndrome components and insulin sensitivity in women. Methods A predetermined protocol, established according to the Cochrane Handbook’s recommendations, was used. An electronic search in MEDLINE, Scopus, the Cochrane Library and CENTRAL electronic databases was conducted from inception to May 14, 2015. This search was supplemented by a review of reference lists of potentially eligible studies and a manual search of key journals in the field of plastic surgery. Eligible studies were prospective studies with ≥ 1 month of follow-up that included females only who underwent abdominal Lipectomy and reported on parameters of metabolic syndrome and insulin sensitivity. Results The systematic review included 11 studies with a total of 271 individuals. Conflicting results were revealed, though most studies showed no significant metabolic effects after Lipectomy. The meta-analysis included 4 studies with 140 subjects. No significant changes were revealed between Lipectomy and control groups. Conclusions This meta-analysis provides evidence that abdominal Lipectomy in females does not affect significantly the components of metabolic syndrome and insulin sensitivity. Further high quality studies are needed to elucidate the potential metabolic effects of abdominal Lipectomy. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42015017564 ( www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO )
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short and long term effects of abdominal Lipectomy on weight and fat mass in females a systematic review
Obesity Surgery, 2015Co-Authors: Konstantinos Seretis, Dimitrios G Goulis, Georgios Koliakos, Efterpi DemiriAbstract:Adipose tissue is considered as an endocrine organ, which is developed in specific depots, distinguished either as subcutaneous or visceral. Lipectomy, by means of liposuction or abdominoplasty, is a common plastic surgery procedure, which can remove substantial amounts of subcutaneous fat. This systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of surgical removal of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue on body weight and fat mass in females in the short- and long-term. A systematic review was conducted using a predetermined protocol established according to the Cochrane Handbook’s recommendations. PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to December 2014. Eligible studies were prospective studies with ≥1 month of follow-up that included female only individuals who underwent Lipectomy of the abdominal region and reported on body weight, body mass index (BMI), or fat mass. Ten studies were included in this systematic review with a total of 231 individuals. A significant weight loss and BMI improvement were reported in 4 out of 5 studies with a mean follow-up of 1–2 months, but in none of the 5 studies with a longer follow-up (3–20 months). Fat mass showed a similar to weight change. The risk of bias was low for the two clinical trials but high for the observational studies included in the review. This systematic review revealed only a transient effect of abdominal Lipectomy in body fat and weight in women, which fades a few months after the operation. These results corroborate the evidence from experimental and clinical studies, which support fat redistribution and compensatory fat growth, as a result of feedback mechanisms, triggered by fat removal. Additional clinical studies, with adequate follow-up, may further elucidate the long-term effects of abdominal Lipectomy in body weight and composition. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42015017564 (www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO)