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Pedro Borges - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • High dietary Lipid Level is associated with persistent hyperglycaemia and downregulation of muscle akt-mTOR pathway in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis)
    PLoS ONE, 2014
    Co-Authors: Pedro Borges, L.m.p. Valente, Vincent Veron, Karine Dias, Stéphane Panserat, Françoise Médale
    Abstract:

    High Levels of dietary Lipids are incorporated in feeds for most teleost fish to promote growth and reduce nitrogen waste. However, in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) previous studies revealed that increasing the Level of dietary Lipids above 8% negatively affect growth and nutrient utilization regardless of dietary protein content. It has been shown that glucose regulation and metabolism can be impaired by high dietary fat intake in mammals, but information in teleost fish is scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the possible effect of dietary Lipids on glucose metabolism in Senegalese sole with special emphasis on the regulation of proteins involved in the muscle insulin-signalling pathway. Senegalese sole juveniles (29 g) were fed two isonitrogenous diets (53% dry matter) for 88 days. These two diets were one with a high Lipid Level (~17%, HL) and a moderate starch content (~14%, LC), and the other being devoid of fish oil (4% Lipid, LL) and with high starch content (~23%, HC). Surprisingly, feeding Senegalese sole the HL/LC diet resulted in prolonged hyperglycaemia, while fish fed on LL/HC diet restored basal glycaemia 2 h after feeding. The hyperglycaemic phenotype was associated with greater glucose-6-phosphatase activity (a key enzyme of hepatic glucose production) and lower citrate synthase activity in the liver, with significantly higher liver glycogen content. Sole fed on HL/LC diet also had significantly lower hexokinase activity in muscle, although hexokinase activity was low with both dietary treatments. The HL/LC diet was associated with significant reductions in muscle AKT, p70 ribosomal S6-K1 Kinase (S6K-1) and ribosomal protein S6 (S6) 2 h after feeding, suggesting down regulation of the AKT-mTOR nutrient signalling pathway in these fish. The results of this study show for the first time that high Level of dietary Lipids strongly affects glucose metabolism in Senegalese sole

  • dietary protein Lipid Level and protein source effects on growth tissue composition and Lipid metabolism of blackspot seabream pagellus bogaraveo
    Aquaculture Nutrition, 2010
    Co-Authors: A C Figueiredosilva, Pedro Borges, Genevieve Corraze, Luisa M P Valente
    Abstract:

    A study was carried out to determine the effects of fish meal (FM) replacement by plant protein (PP) on growth, body composition and Lipid metabolism of blackspot seabream fed different protein/Lipid Levels. Four experimental diets were formulated to contain two protein (P) and Lipid (L) Levels (60P/6L or 50P/10L), varying in their protein source (100% FM or 50% FM: 50% PP). Dietary inclusion of PP did not affect growth of fish fed 60P/6L, although fish fed 50P/10L exhibited lower final body weight and daily growth index. Fish fed 60P/6L presented the highest protein and the lowest Lipid content. FM replacement by PP has decreased muscle n-3 whereas the n-6 fatty acids increased. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and fatty acid synthetase (FAS) were depressed in fish fed 50P/10L. FAS was significantly increased with 60P/6L PP which was positively correlated with Lipid retention data. Those results suggest the conversion of other nutrient than Lipid (protein and/or carbohydrates) into corporal fat. Hepatic lipoprotein lipase activity was lowest in fish fed PP diets. Plasma glucose peaked 1–2 h postfeeding, in all groups and was generally higher with 60P/6L FM. This work shown that besides dietary P/L Level, protein source has a strong effect on species lipogenesis and Lipid retention. Hence, the 50P/10L FM diet was the most cost-effective for blackspot seabream juveniles.

  • dietary Lipid Level affects growth performance and nutrient utilisation of senegalese sole solea senegalensis juveniles
    British Journal of Nutrition, 2009
    Co-Authors: Pedro Borges, Beatriz Oliveira, Susana Casal, Jorge Dias, Luis E C Conceicao, Luisa M P Valente
    Abstract:

    Over the last few years, several aspects of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) culture have been developed and optimised but the dietary Lipid Level for optimal growth has never been determined. Hence, five isonitrogenous diets (56 % dietary protein) with increasing dietary Lipid Levels (4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 % DM) were fed to satiation to triplicate groups of twenty fish (mean initial weight 10 g). Fifteen tanks were randomly assigned one of the five diets. Feed was distributed using automatic feeders, and fish were fed over a 16-week period. At the end of the experiment the fish fed on diets containing the two lowest dietary Lipid Levels (4 and 8 %) showed a 3-fold body-weight increase with a significantly higher daily growth index than fish fed higher Lipid Levels (1·2 v. 0·8). Moreover, these fish displayed a significantly lower dry feed intake (12 g/kg per d) and feed conversion ratio (1·0) compared with fish fed higher Lipids Levels (16– 19 g/kg per d; feed conversion ratio 2·0). Low dietary Lipid Levels (,12 %) significantly improved nutrient retention and gain and hence growth, without major effects on whole-body composition. Despite the slight alteration in n-3 PUFA muscle content in the fish fed low-fat-diets, this fish fed low dietary Lipid still remains a rich n-3 PUFA product and generally maintained its nutritional value. These results evidenced a low Lipid tolerance of Senegalese sole juveniles and suggest a maximal dietary inclusion Level of 8 % Lipids for both optimal growth and nutrient utilisation without compromising flesh quality.

Luisa M P Valente - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • dietary protein Lipid Level and protein source effects on growth tissue composition and Lipid metabolism of blackspot seabream pagellus bogaraveo
    Aquaculture Nutrition, 2010
    Co-Authors: A C Figueiredosilva, Pedro Borges, Genevieve Corraze, Luisa M P Valente
    Abstract:

    A study was carried out to determine the effects of fish meal (FM) replacement by plant protein (PP) on growth, body composition and Lipid metabolism of blackspot seabream fed different protein/Lipid Levels. Four experimental diets were formulated to contain two protein (P) and Lipid (L) Levels (60P/6L or 50P/10L), varying in their protein source (100% FM or 50% FM: 50% PP). Dietary inclusion of PP did not affect growth of fish fed 60P/6L, although fish fed 50P/10L exhibited lower final body weight and daily growth index. Fish fed 60P/6L presented the highest protein and the lowest Lipid content. FM replacement by PP has decreased muscle n-3 whereas the n-6 fatty acids increased. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and fatty acid synthetase (FAS) were depressed in fish fed 50P/10L. FAS was significantly increased with 60P/6L PP which was positively correlated with Lipid retention data. Those results suggest the conversion of other nutrient than Lipid (protein and/or carbohydrates) into corporal fat. Hepatic lipoprotein lipase activity was lowest in fish fed PP diets. Plasma glucose peaked 1–2 h postfeeding, in all groups and was generally higher with 60P/6L FM. This work shown that besides dietary P/L Level, protein source has a strong effect on species lipogenesis and Lipid retention. Hence, the 50P/10L FM diet was the most cost-effective for blackspot seabream juveniles.

  • dietary Lipid Level affects growth performance and nutrient utilisation of senegalese sole solea senegalensis juveniles
    British Journal of Nutrition, 2009
    Co-Authors: Pedro Borges, Beatriz Oliveira, Susana Casal, Jorge Dias, Luis E C Conceicao, Luisa M P Valente
    Abstract:

    Over the last few years, several aspects of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) culture have been developed and optimised but the dietary Lipid Level for optimal growth has never been determined. Hence, five isonitrogenous diets (56 % dietary protein) with increasing dietary Lipid Levels (4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 % DM) were fed to satiation to triplicate groups of twenty fish (mean initial weight 10 g). Fifteen tanks were randomly assigned one of the five diets. Feed was distributed using automatic feeders, and fish were fed over a 16-week period. At the end of the experiment the fish fed on diets containing the two lowest dietary Lipid Levels (4 and 8 %) showed a 3-fold body-weight increase with a significantly higher daily growth index than fish fed higher Lipid Levels (1·2 v. 0·8). Moreover, these fish displayed a significantly lower dry feed intake (12 g/kg per d) and feed conversion ratio (1·0) compared with fish fed higher Lipids Levels (16– 19 g/kg per d; feed conversion ratio 2·0). Low dietary Lipid Levels (,12 %) significantly improved nutrient retention and gain and hence growth, without major effects on whole-body composition. Despite the slight alteration in n-3 PUFA muscle content in the fish fed low-fat-diets, this fish fed low dietary Lipid still remains a rich n-3 PUFA product and generally maintained its nutritional value. These results evidenced a low Lipid tolerance of Senegalese sole juveniles and suggest a maximal dietary inclusion Level of 8 % Lipids for both optimal growth and nutrient utilisation without compromising flesh quality.

  • effects of dietary Lipid Level on growth and Lipid utilization by juvenile atlantic halibut hippoglossus hippoglossus l
    Aquaculture, 2007
    Co-Authors: Dulce Alves Martins, Luisa M P Valente, Santosh P Lall
    Abstract:

    Abstract A study was conducted to determine the efficiency of Lipid utilization by juvenile Atlantic halibut ( Hippoglossus hippoglossus , L.). Triplicate groups of fish (average weight, 33.0 ± 0.3 g) were fed four isonitrogenous (56% crude protein, DM-basis) experimental diets containing 14, 18, 22 and 25% Lipid for 13 weeks. The effects of dietary Lipid Levels on growth, feed utilization, body composition, nutrient and energy retention, tissue Lipid accumulation and fatty acid composition were determined. Growth and feed conversion ratio were not affected by an increase in dietary Lipid intake. Whole body Lipid content increased from 24.9 ±0.8% to 31.6 ± 0.6%, reflecting the increase in dietary Lipid Level. Nitrogen and energy retention values did not show significant differences among treatments. Despite a large individual variability in liver Lipid content, the liver of fish fed the 22% Lipid diet showed significantly higher values (18.9 ± 3.7%) than fish fed 14 and 18% Lipid (13.1 ± 1.3% and 12.9 ± 2.5%, respectively). Muscle Lipid content was not significantly affected by an increase in dietary Lipid content. The dietary fatty acid profile was reflected in both liver and muscle tissue. Higher eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and lower linoleic acid concentration in liver were observed with increasing fish oil Levels. It appears that halibut juveniles can tolerate up to 25% dietary Lipid; however, there are no beneficial effects in terms of growth and macronutrient retention beyond 14% dietary Lipid Level.

Françoise Médale - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • High dietary Lipid Level is associated with persistent hyperglycaemia and downregulation of muscle akt-mTOR pathway in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis)
    PLoS ONE, 2014
    Co-Authors: Pedro Borges, L.m.p. Valente, Vincent Veron, Karine Dias, Stéphane Panserat, Françoise Médale
    Abstract:

    High Levels of dietary Lipids are incorporated in feeds for most teleost fish to promote growth and reduce nitrogen waste. However, in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) previous studies revealed that increasing the Level of dietary Lipids above 8% negatively affect growth and nutrient utilization regardless of dietary protein content. It has been shown that glucose regulation and metabolism can be impaired by high dietary fat intake in mammals, but information in teleost fish is scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the possible effect of dietary Lipids on glucose metabolism in Senegalese sole with special emphasis on the regulation of proteins involved in the muscle insulin-signalling pathway. Senegalese sole juveniles (29 g) were fed two isonitrogenous diets (53% dry matter) for 88 days. These two diets were one with a high Lipid Level (~17%, HL) and a moderate starch content (~14%, LC), and the other being devoid of fish oil (4% Lipid, LL) and with high starch content (~23%, HC). Surprisingly, feeding Senegalese sole the HL/LC diet resulted in prolonged hyperglycaemia, while fish fed on LL/HC diet restored basal glycaemia 2 h after feeding. The hyperglycaemic phenotype was associated with greater glucose-6-phosphatase activity (a key enzyme of hepatic glucose production) and lower citrate synthase activity in the liver, with significantly higher liver glycogen content. Sole fed on HL/LC diet also had significantly lower hexokinase activity in muscle, although hexokinase activity was low with both dietary treatments. The HL/LC diet was associated with significant reductions in muscle AKT, p70 ribosomal S6-K1 Kinase (S6K-1) and ribosomal protein S6 (S6) 2 h after feeding, suggesting down regulation of the AKT-mTOR nutrient signalling pathway in these fish. The results of this study show for the first time that high Level of dietary Lipids strongly affects glucose metabolism in Senegalese sole

Beatriz Oliveira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • dietary Lipid Level affects growth performance and nutrient utilisation of senegalese sole solea senegalensis juveniles
    British Journal of Nutrition, 2009
    Co-Authors: Pedro Borges, Beatriz Oliveira, Susana Casal, Jorge Dias, Luis E C Conceicao, Luisa M P Valente
    Abstract:

    Over the last few years, several aspects of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) culture have been developed and optimised but the dietary Lipid Level for optimal growth has never been determined. Hence, five isonitrogenous diets (56 % dietary protein) with increasing dietary Lipid Levels (4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 % DM) were fed to satiation to triplicate groups of twenty fish (mean initial weight 10 g). Fifteen tanks were randomly assigned one of the five diets. Feed was distributed using automatic feeders, and fish were fed over a 16-week period. At the end of the experiment the fish fed on diets containing the two lowest dietary Lipid Levels (4 and 8 %) showed a 3-fold body-weight increase with a significantly higher daily growth index than fish fed higher Lipid Levels (1·2 v. 0·8). Moreover, these fish displayed a significantly lower dry feed intake (12 g/kg per d) and feed conversion ratio (1·0) compared with fish fed higher Lipids Levels (16– 19 g/kg per d; feed conversion ratio 2·0). Low dietary Lipid Levels (,12 %) significantly improved nutrient retention and gain and hence growth, without major effects on whole-body composition. Despite the slight alteration in n-3 PUFA muscle content in the fish fed low-fat-diets, this fish fed low dietary Lipid still remains a rich n-3 PUFA product and generally maintained its nutritional value. These results evidenced a low Lipid tolerance of Senegalese sole juveniles and suggest a maximal dietary inclusion Level of 8 % Lipids for both optimal growth and nutrient utilisation without compromising flesh quality.

Susana Casal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • dietary Lipid Level affects growth performance and nutrient utilisation of senegalese sole solea senegalensis juveniles
    British Journal of Nutrition, 2009
    Co-Authors: Pedro Borges, Beatriz Oliveira, Susana Casal, Jorge Dias, Luis E C Conceicao, Luisa M P Valente
    Abstract:

    Over the last few years, several aspects of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) culture have been developed and optimised but the dietary Lipid Level for optimal growth has never been determined. Hence, five isonitrogenous diets (56 % dietary protein) with increasing dietary Lipid Levels (4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 % DM) were fed to satiation to triplicate groups of twenty fish (mean initial weight 10 g). Fifteen tanks were randomly assigned one of the five diets. Feed was distributed using automatic feeders, and fish were fed over a 16-week period. At the end of the experiment the fish fed on diets containing the two lowest dietary Lipid Levels (4 and 8 %) showed a 3-fold body-weight increase with a significantly higher daily growth index than fish fed higher Lipid Levels (1·2 v. 0·8). Moreover, these fish displayed a significantly lower dry feed intake (12 g/kg per d) and feed conversion ratio (1·0) compared with fish fed higher Lipids Levels (16– 19 g/kg per d; feed conversion ratio 2·0). Low dietary Lipid Levels (,12 %) significantly improved nutrient retention and gain and hence growth, without major effects on whole-body composition. Despite the slight alteration in n-3 PUFA muscle content in the fish fed low-fat-diets, this fish fed low dietary Lipid still remains a rich n-3 PUFA product and generally maintained its nutritional value. These results evidenced a low Lipid tolerance of Senegalese sole juveniles and suggest a maximal dietary inclusion Level of 8 % Lipids for both optimal growth and nutrient utilisation without compromising flesh quality.