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Wendy W. J. Van De Sande - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The development of a novel diagnostic PCR for Madurella mycetomatis using a comparative genome approach.
    PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2020
    Co-Authors: Wilson Lim, Sandra Smit, Emmanuel Edwar Siddig, Bertrand Nyuykonge, Annelies Verbon, Sarah A Ahmed, Ahmed H. Fahal, Kimberley Eadie, Wendy W. J. Van De Sande
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND: Eumycetoma is a neglected tropical disease most commonly caused by the fungus Madurella mycetomatis. Identification of eumycetoma causative agents can only be reliably performed by molecular identification, most commonly by species-specific PCR. The current M. mycetomatis specific PCR primers were recently discovered to cross-react with Madurella pseudomycetomatis. Here, we used a comparative genome approach to develop a new M. mycetomatis specific PCR for species identification. METHODOLOGY: Predicted-protein coding sequences unique to M. mycetomatis were first identified in BLASTCLUST based on E-value, size and presence of orthologues. Primers were then developed for 16 unique sequences and evaluated against 60 M. mycetomatis isolates and other eumycetoma causing agents including the Madurella sibling species. Out of the 16, only one was found to be specific to M. mycetomatis. CONCLUSION: We have discovered a predicted-protein coding sequence unique to M. mycetomatis and have developed a new species-specific PCR to be used as a novel diagnostic marker for M. mycetomatis.

  • Madurella real-time PCR, a novel approach for eumycetoma diagnosis.
    PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2020
    Co-Authors: Amir Arastehfar, Marie Desnos-ollivier, Wendy W. J. Van De Sande, Ahmed H. Fahal, Wilson Lim, Farnaz Daneshnia, Gerrit S. De Hoog, Teun Boekhout, Sarah A Ahmed
    Abstract:

    The genus Madurella comprising four species, M. fahalii, M. mycetomatis, M. pseudomycetomatis, and M. tropicana, represents the prevalent cause of eumycetoma worldwide. The four species are phenotypically similar and cause an invariable clinical picture, but differ markedly in their susceptibility to antifungal drugs, and epidemiological pattern. Therefore, specific identification is required for optimal management of Madurella infection and to reveal proper epidemiology of the species. In this study, a novel multiplex real-time PCR targeting the four Madurella species was developed and standardized. Evaluation of the assay using reference strains of the target and non-target species resulted in 100% specificity, high analytical reproducibility (R2 values >0.99) and a lowest detection limit of 3 pg target DNA. The accuracy of the real-time PCR was further assessed using biopsies from eumycetoma suspected patients. Unlike culture and DNA sequencing as gold standard diagnostic methods, the real-time PCR yielded accurate diagnosis with specific identification of the causative species in three hours compared to one or two weeks required for culture. The novel method reduces turnaround time as well as labor intensity and high costs associated with current reference methods.

  • genome sequence of Madurella mycetomatis mm55 isolated from a human mycetoma case in sudan
    Genome Announcements, 2016
    Co-Authors: Sandra Smit, Martijn F L Derks, Sander Bervoets, Ahmed H. Fahal, Willem B Van Leeuwen, Alex Van Belkum, Wendy W. J. Van De Sande
    Abstract:

    We present the first genome sequence for a strain of the main mycetoma causative agent, Madurella mycetomatis This 36.7-Mb genome sequence will offer new insights into the pathogenesis of mycetoma, and it will contribute to the development of better therapies for this neglected tropical disease.

  • In vitro activities of ketoconazole (KTC), itraconazole (ITC), and ravuconazole (RVC) against 23 isolates of Madurella mycetomatis represented by MICs.
    2014
    Co-Authors: Sarah Abdalla Ahmed, Wendy Kloezen, Frederick Duncanson, Ed E Zijlstra, Ahmed Hassan Fahal, Sybren G De Hoog, Wendy W. J. Van De Sande
    Abstract:

    In vitro activities of ketoconazole (KTC), itraconazole (ITC), and ravuconazole (RVC) against 23 isolates of Madurella mycetomatis represented by MICs.

  • Identifying mycetoma causative agents by culture.
    2014
    Co-Authors: Wendy W. J. Van De Sande, El Sheikh Mahgoub, Ahmed H. Fahal, Michael Goodfellow, Oliverio Welsh, Ed E Zijlstra
    Abstract:

    A: Madurella mycetomatis grown on sabouraud agar. B: Microscopic appearance of Madurella mycetomatis stained with calcofluor white. C: N. brasiliensis colony. D: Microscopic appearance of N. brasiliensis.

Ahmed Hassan Fahal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • draft genome sequences of three clinical isolates of Madurella mycetomatis the major cause of black grain mycetoma
    Microbiology resource announcements, 2020
    Co-Authors: El Shiekh Khidir, Abdalla Ahmed, Ahmed Hassan Fahal, Al Amin Ibrahim
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT The draft genomes of three fungal clinical isolates of Madurella mycetomatis from patients with mycetoma are presented. No finished genome is currently available for this important fungus. Therefore, the addition of these new draft genomes will help us better understand the diversity and pathogenicity of this important species.

  • the development of a novel diagnostic pcr for Madurella mycetomatis using a comparative genome approach
    bioRxiv, 2020
    Co-Authors: Kimberly Eadie, Emmanuel Edwar Siddig, Bertrand Nyuykonge, Ahmed Hassan Fahal, Annelies Verbon, Sarah A Ahmed, Sandra Smit
    Abstract:

    Eumycetoma is a neglected tropical disease characterized by large tumorous lesions. It is most commonly caused by the fungus Madurella mycetomatis which accounts for more than 70% of cases in central Africa. Currently, identification of the causative agent can only be reliably performed by a species-specific PCR. However, we recently demonstrated that our M. mycetomatis specific PCR can cross-react with Madurella pseudomycetomatis. We therefore used a comparative genome approach to develop a new M. mycetomatis specific PCR for species identification. For this we compared the published M. mycetomatis genome to genomes of other organisms in BLASTCLUST to identify unique M. mycetomatis predicted protein coding sequences. Based on 16 of these unique sequences, PCR primers were developed. The specificity of these primers was further evaluated in other eumycetoma causing agents including the Madurella sibling species. Out of the 16 tested sequences, only one was unique for M. mycetomatis and this should be used as a novel diagnostic marker for M. mycetomatis.

  • pyomelanin secretion in Madurella mycetomatis interferes with spectrophotometric endpoint reading using the sensititre yeastone alamarblue assay but not with visual endpoint reading
    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2019
    Co-Authors: Bertrand Nyuykonge, P D Croughs, Ahmed Hassan Fahal, Annelies Verbon
    Abstract:

    The use of the Sensititre YeastOne YO10 alamarBlue assay for the in vitro susceptibility testing of Madurella mycetomatis was evaluated in M. mycetomatis isolates with and without pyomelanin secretion. Pyomelanin secretion did not influence visual endpoint reading; however, it caused a shift in peak absorbance from 570 nm to 620 nm when read spectrophotometrically. Therefore, when choosing the method for endpoint reading, the presence of pyomelanin should be considered.

  • Showing Lane 1 contain a 100 bp DNA ladder.
    2017
    Co-Authors: Amel Altayeb Ahmed, Wendy Van De Sande, Ahmed Hassan Fahal
    Abstract:

    Lanes 2 to 4 show the PCR products for three samples which were negative for Madurella mycetomatis. Lane 5 to 8 shows the PCR products for four samples which were positive for Madurella mycetomatis. Lane 10 was a positive control; lane 11 was a negative control.

  • th 1 th 2 cytokines profile among Madurella mycetomatis eumycetoma patients
    PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2016
    Co-Authors: Amre Nasr, Amir Abushouk, Anhar Hamza, Emmanuel Edwar Siddig, Ahmed Hassan Fahal
    Abstract:

    Eumycetoma is a progressive and destructive chronic granulomatous subcutaneous inflammatory disease caused by certain fungi, the most common being Madurella mycetomatis. The host defence mechanisms against fungi usually range from an early non-specific immune response to activation and induction of specific adaptive immune responses by the production of Th-1 and Th-2 cytokines. The aim of this study is to determine the levels of Th-1 and Th-2 cytokines in patients infected with Madurella mycetomatis, and the association between their levels and disease prognosis. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at the Mycetoma Research Centre, University of Khartoum, Sudan, where 70 patients with confirmed M. mycetomatis eumycetoma were enrolled; 35 with, and 35 without surgical excision. 70 healthy individuals from mycetoma endemic areas were selected as controls. The levels of serum cytokines were determined by cytometric bead array technique. Significantly higher levels of the Th-1 cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-2) were recorded in patients treated with surgical excision, compared to those treated without surgical excision. In contrast, the Th-2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6 and IL-10) were significantly lower in patients treated with surgical excision compared to those treated without surgical excision. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that cell-mediated immunity can have a role to play in the pathogenesis of eumycetoma.

Sarah A Ahmed - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The development of a novel diagnostic PCR for Madurella mycetomatis using a comparative genome approach.
    PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2020
    Co-Authors: Wilson Lim, Sandra Smit, Emmanuel Edwar Siddig, Bertrand Nyuykonge, Annelies Verbon, Sarah A Ahmed, Ahmed H. Fahal, Kimberley Eadie, Wendy W. J. Van De Sande
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND: Eumycetoma is a neglected tropical disease most commonly caused by the fungus Madurella mycetomatis. Identification of eumycetoma causative agents can only be reliably performed by molecular identification, most commonly by species-specific PCR. The current M. mycetomatis specific PCR primers were recently discovered to cross-react with Madurella pseudomycetomatis. Here, we used a comparative genome approach to develop a new M. mycetomatis specific PCR for species identification. METHODOLOGY: Predicted-protein coding sequences unique to M. mycetomatis were first identified in BLASTCLUST based on E-value, size and presence of orthologues. Primers were then developed for 16 unique sequences and evaluated against 60 M. mycetomatis isolates and other eumycetoma causing agents including the Madurella sibling species. Out of the 16, only one was found to be specific to M. mycetomatis. CONCLUSION: We have discovered a predicted-protein coding sequence unique to M. mycetomatis and have developed a new species-specific PCR to be used as a novel diagnostic marker for M. mycetomatis.

  • the development of a novel diagnostic pcr for Madurella mycetomatis using a comparative genome approach
    bioRxiv, 2020
    Co-Authors: Kimberly Eadie, Emmanuel Edwar Siddig, Bertrand Nyuykonge, Ahmed Hassan Fahal, Annelies Verbon, Sarah A Ahmed, Sandra Smit
    Abstract:

    Eumycetoma is a neglected tropical disease characterized by large tumorous lesions. It is most commonly caused by the fungus Madurella mycetomatis which accounts for more than 70% of cases in central Africa. Currently, identification of the causative agent can only be reliably performed by a species-specific PCR. However, we recently demonstrated that our M. mycetomatis specific PCR can cross-react with Madurella pseudomycetomatis. We therefore used a comparative genome approach to develop a new M. mycetomatis specific PCR for species identification. For this we compared the published M. mycetomatis genome to genomes of other organisms in BLASTCLUST to identify unique M. mycetomatis predicted protein coding sequences. Based on 16 of these unique sequences, PCR primers were developed. The specificity of these primers was further evaluated in other eumycetoma causing agents including the Madurella sibling species. Out of the 16 tested sequences, only one was unique for M. mycetomatis and this should be used as a novel diagnostic marker for M. mycetomatis.

  • diagnostic implications of mycetoma derived from Madurella pseudomycetomatis isolates from mexico
    Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 2020
    Co-Authors: Bertrand Nyuykonge, Alexandro Bonifaz, Annelies Verbon, Sarah A Ahmed, Corne H W Klaassen, Willemien H A Zandijk, G S De Hoog, Marie Desnosollivier, W W J Van De Sande
    Abstract:

    Background At the dermatology service of the General Hospital of Mexico City, Mexico, two patients, father and son, with black-grain mycetoma were seen. The grains were isolated, and the cultured fungi were identified as Madurella mycetomatis based on morphology. Using the M. mycetomatis specific PCR, amplicons of a different size than that of the M. mycetomatis type strain were obtained. Objective To determine the causative agent of the two black-grain mycetoma cases and develop non-culture-based diagnostic tools to identify them to the species level. Methods The M. mycetomatis specific, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, β-tubulin (BT) and ribosomal binding protein 2 (RBP2) PCRs were used to confirm the identity of the isolates. Genetic variation was established by amplification fragment length polymorphisms. To determine the antifungal susceptibility profile, the Sensititre™ YeastOne™ assay was used. To develop a species-specific PCR primers were designed on the sequenced PCR amplicon from the M. mycetomatis specific PCR. Results By analyzing the ITS, BT and RBP2 regions the isolates were identified as Madurella pseudomycetomatis. The isolates from father and son were similar but not identical to M. pseudomycetomatis from Venezuela and one from an unknown origin. Madurella pseudomycetomatis isolates were inhibited by itraconazole, posaconazole and voriconazole but showed increased MIC values for amphotericin B and fluconazole. They were not inhibited by the echinocandins and five flucytosine. The two patients were treated with itraconazole resulting in cure for the father while the son was lost to follow-up. The species-specific PCR developed for M. pseudomyceotmatis was discriminative and specific. Conclusion Madurella pseudomycetomatis is genetically diverse with same susceptibility profile as M. mycetomatis and causes eumycetoma in Latin America. The M. pseudomycetomatis specific PCR can be used to identify this causative agent to the species level; however, this needs to be validated in an endemic setting.

  • Madurella real-time PCR, a novel approach for eumycetoma diagnosis.
    PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2020
    Co-Authors: Amir Arastehfar, Marie Desnos-ollivier, Wendy W. J. Van De Sande, Ahmed H. Fahal, Wilson Lim, Farnaz Daneshnia, Gerrit S. De Hoog, Teun Boekhout, Sarah A Ahmed
    Abstract:

    The genus Madurella comprising four species, M. fahalii, M. mycetomatis, M. pseudomycetomatis, and M. tropicana, represents the prevalent cause of eumycetoma worldwide. The four species are phenotypically similar and cause an invariable clinical picture, but differ markedly in their susceptibility to antifungal drugs, and epidemiological pattern. Therefore, specific identification is required for optimal management of Madurella infection and to reveal proper epidemiology of the species. In this study, a novel multiplex real-time PCR targeting the four Madurella species was developed and standardized. Evaluation of the assay using reference strains of the target and non-target species resulted in 100% specificity, high analytical reproducibility (R2 values >0.99) and a lowest detection limit of 3 pg target DNA. The accuracy of the real-time PCR was further assessed using biopsies from eumycetoma suspected patients. Unlike culture and DNA sequencing as gold standard diagnostic methods, the real-time PCR yielded accurate diagnosis with specific identification of the causative species in three hours compared to one or two weeks required for culture. The novel method reduces turnaround time as well as labor intensity and high costs associated with current reference methods.

  • Phylogenetic Findings Suggest Possible New Habitat and Routes of Infection of Human Eumyctoma
    2016
    Co-Authors: Sybren G De Hoog, Sarah A Ahmed, Mohammad J. Najafzadeh, Deanna A. Sutton, Saradeghi Keisari, Ahmed H. Fahal, Ursala Eberhardt, Gerard J. Verkleij, Lian Xin, Benjamin Stielow
    Abstract:

    Eumycetoma is a traumatic fungal infection in tropical and subtropical areas that may lead to severe disability. Madurella mycetomatis is one of the prevalent etiologic agents in arid Northeastern Africa. The source of infection has not been clarified. Subcutaneous inoculation from plant thorns has been hypothesized, but attempts to detect the fungus in relevant material have remained unsuccessful. The present study aims to find clues to reveal the natural habitat of Madurella species using a phylogenetic approach, i.e. by comparison of neighboring taxa with known ecology. Four species of Madurella were included in a large data set of species of Chaetomium, Chaetomidium, Thielavia, and Papulaspora (n = 128) using sequences of the universal fungal barcode gene rDNA ITS and the partial LSU gene sequence. Our study demonstrates that Madurell

Natalina Takahashi De Melo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • eumicetoma de graos pretos por Madurella grisea registro de dois casos
    Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo, 1992
    Co-Authors: Luís Antonio De Paula Machado, Carlos Da Silva Lacaz, Walter Belda, Maria Cecília Da Matta Rivitti, Alberto Salebian, Elisabeth Maria Heinsvaccari, Natalina Takahashi De Melo
    Abstract:

    Os Autores registram dois casos de eumicetoma de graos pretos, com localizacao podal, procedentes da Bahia, provocados por Madurella grisea Mackinnon et al., 1949. Sao estudadas a estrutura dos graos, bem como as caracteristicas micromorfologicas do fungo em vida saprofitica. Acreditam os Autores que estas observacoes correspondem ao setimo e oitavo casos registrados na literatura do pais, provocadas por este fungo. Os Autores consideram nomen dubium ou nomina confusa as seguintes especies de Madurella: M. ramiroi, M. oswaldoi, M. bovoi, M. tozeuri, M. mansonii, M. brumpti, M. reynieri, M. americana, M. lackawanna e M. ikedae, o mesmo ocorrendo com a chamada RubroMadurella mycetomi. As unicas especies validas sao Madurella mycetomatis McGinnis, 1980 (=Madurella mycetomi Brumpt, 1905) e Madurella grisea Mackinnon et al., 1949. Nos dois casos registrados o tratamento com itraconazol, por um periodo de 3 meses nao fez regredir as lesoes, havendo ligeira melhora clinica.

  • Eumycotic mycetoma of black grains caused by Madurella grisea: report of two cases
    Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, 1992
    Co-Authors: Machado, Luís Antonio De Paula, Cucé, Luis Carlos, Lacaz, Carlos Da Silva, Rivitti, Maria Cecília Da Matta, Salebian Alberto, Heins-vaccari, Elisabeth Maria, Belda Jr. Walter, Natalina Takahashi De Melo
    Abstract:

    Os Autores registram dois casos de eumicetoma de grãos pretos, com localização podal, procedentes da Bahia, provocados por Madurella grisea Mackinnon et al., 1949. São estudadas a estrutura dos grãos, bem como as características micromorfológicas do fungo em vida saprofítica. Acreditam os Autores que estas observações correspondem ao sétimo e oitavo casos registrados na literatura do país, provocadas por este fungo. Os Autores consideram nomen dubium ou nomina confusa as seguintes espécies de Madurella: M. ramiroi, M. oswaldoi, M. bovoi, M. tozeuri, M. mansonii, M. brumpti, M. reynieri, M. americana, M. lackawanna e M. ikedae, o mesmo ocorrendo com a chamada RubroMadurella mycetomi. As únicas espécies válidas são Madurella mycetomatis McGinnis, 1980 (=Madurella mycetomi Brumpt, 1905) e Madurella grisea Mackinnon et al., 1949. Nos dois casos registrados o tratamento com itraconazol, por um período de 3 meses não fez regredir as lesões, havendo ligeira melhora clínica.Two cases of black grains eumycotic mycetoma, occurring on a foot, are reported. Both proceeded from the State of Bahia (Brazil), and in both the etiologic agent was Madurella grisea Mackinnon et al., 1949. The grains structure as well as the micromorphologic characteristics of the fungus in saprophytic life were studied. It is the Author's belief that these observations correspond to the 7th and 8th cases reported in the Brazilian medical literature. The Authors do consider the following Madurella species as nomen dubium or nomina confusa: M. ramiroi, M. oswaldoi, M. bovoi, M. tozeuri, M. mansonii, M. brumpti, M. reynieri, M. americana, M. lackawanna e M. ikedae and the same for RubroMadurella mycetomi. The only valid species must be Madurella mycetomatis McGinnis, 1980 (=Madurella mycetomi Brumpt, 1905) and Madurella grisea Mackinnon et al., 1949. Treatment with itraconazole in both reported cases, for a 3 month duration, did not produce any regression of the lesions, the clinical improvement being meager

  • Eumicetoma de grãos pretos por Madurella grisea: registro de dois casos
    Instituto de Medicina Tropical, 1992
    Co-Authors: Machado, Luís Antonio De Paula, Cucé, Luis Carlos, Lacaz, Carlos Da Silva, Rivitti, Maria Cecília Da Matta, Heins-vaccari, Elisabeth Maria, Belda Jr.,walter, Natalina Takahashi De Melo
    Abstract:

    Os Autores registram dois casos de eumicetoma de grãos pretos, com localização podal, procedentes da Bahia, provocados por Madurella grisea Mackinnon et al., 1949. São estudadas a estrutura dos grãos, bem como as características micromorfológicas do fungo em vida saprofítica. Acreditam os Autores que estas observações correspondem ao sétimo e oitavo casos registrados na literatura do país, provocadas por este fungo. Os Autores consideram nomen dubium ou nomina confusa as seguintes espécies de Madurella: M. ramiroi, M. oswaldoi, M. bovoi, M. tozeuri, M. mansonii, M. brumpti, M. reynieri, M. americana, M. lackawanna e M. ikedae, o mesmo ocorrendo com a chamada RubroMadurella mycetomi. As únicas espécies válidas são Madurella mycetomatis McGinnis, 1980 (=Madurella mycetomi Brumpt, 1905) e Madurella grisea Mackinnon et al., 1949. Nos dois casos registrados o tratamento com itraconazol, por um período de 3 meses não fez regredir as lesões, havendo ligeira melhora clínica

  • Eumicetoma de grãos pretos por Madurella grisea: registro de dois casos Eumycotic mycetoma of black grains caused by Madurella grisea: report of two cases
    Universidade de São Paulo, 1992
    Co-Authors: Luís Antonio De Paula Machado, Carlos Da Silva Lacaz, Walter Belda, Maria Cecília Da Matta Rivitti, Alberto Salebian, Elisabeth Maria Heins-vaccari, Natalina Takahashi De Melo
    Abstract:

    Os Autores registram dois casos de eumicetoma de grãos pretos, com localização podal, procedentes da Bahia, provocados por Madurella grisea Mackinnon et al., 1949. São estudadas a estrutura dos grãos, bem como as características micromorfológicas do fungo em vida saprofítica. Acreditam os Autores que estas observações correspondem ao sétimo e oitavo casos registrados na literatura do país, provocadas por este fungo. Os Autores consideram nomen dubium ou nomina confusa as seguintes espécies de Madurella: M. ramiroi, M. oswaldoi, M. bovoi, M. tozeuri, M. mansonii, M. brumpti, M. reynieri, M. americana, M. lackawanna e M. ikedae, o mesmo ocorrendo com a chamada RubroMadurella mycetomi. As únicas espécies válidas são Madurella mycetomatis McGinnis, 1980 (=Madurella mycetomi Brumpt, 1905) e Madurella grisea Mackinnon et al., 1949. Nos dois casos registrados o tratamento com itraconazol, por um período de 3 meses não fez regredir as lesões, havendo ligeira melhora clínica.Two cases of black grains eumycotic mycetoma, occurring on a foot, are reported. Both proceeded from the State of Bahia (Brazil), and in both the etiologic agent was Madurella grisea Mackinnon et al., 1949. The grains structure as well as the micromorphologic characteristics of the fungus in saprophytic life were studied. It is the Author's belief that these observations correspond to the 7th and 8th cases reported in the Brazilian medical literature. The Authors do consider the following Madurella species as nomen dubium or nomina confusa: M. ramiroi, M. oswaldoi, M. bovoi, M. tozeuri, M. mansonii, M. brumpti, M. reynieri, M. americana, M. lackawanna e M. ikedae and the same for RubroMadurella mycetomi. The only valid species must be Madurella mycetomatis McGinnis, 1980 (=Madurella mycetomi Brumpt, 1905) and Madurella grisea Mackinnon et al., 1949. Treatment with itraconazole in both reported cases, for a 3 month duration, did not produce any regression of the lesions, the clinical improvement being meager

Walter Belda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • mycetoma a retrospective study of 41 cases seen in sao paulo brazil from 1978 to 1989
    Mycoses, 2009
    Co-Authors: Luiz G M Castro, Walter Belda, A Salebian
    Abstract:

    Summary. Clinical and epidemiological aspects of 41 cases of mycetoma seen in Sao Paulo city from January 1978 to December 1989 are presented. Twenty-eight cases (68%) were caused by actinomycetes, while 13 (32%) were caused by true fungi. In only 22 (78%) actinomycetoma cases was it possible to identify the agent. Nocardia brasiliensis, by far the commonest actinomycete isolated, was responsible for 13 cases. Among eumycetomata, Madurella grisea was isolated from 3 cases, Scedosporium apiospermum from 2 cases, and Madurella mycetomatis from 1 case, and in 7 cases the agent was not identified. Distribution by sex and age was similar to that reported in the literature. Feet and legs were the commonest sites affected. The mean age of actinomycetoma patients was 33.2 years, while patients with eumycetoma were an average of 32.8 years. Mean duration of the disease was 6.8 and 9.8 years respectively. Most patients came from rural areas in the north-eastern region of the country and worked as field labourers. Bone involvement was frequent for both actinomycetomata and eumycetomata and was characterized by osteoporosis, periostal reaction and cavitation. The authors' elected treatment consists of combining sulfamethoxazole (800 mg) and trimethoprim (100 mg) with prednisone (10 mg) orally, daily. Zusammenfassung. Es werden die klinischen und epidemiologischen Aspekte von 41 Myzetompatienten vorgestellt, die in Sao Paulo in der Zeit von Januar 1978 bis Dezember 1989 beobachtet wurden. Achtundzwanzig Falle wurden durch Aktinomyzeten verursacht (68%), 13 durch Eumyzeten (32%). Nur bei 22 Aktinomyzetomen (78%) war es moglich, den Erreger zu identifizieren. Nocardia brasiliensis stellte mit 13 Fallen den grosten Anteil. Bei den Eumyzetomen wurde Madurella grisea dreimal, Scedosporium apiospermum zweimal und Madurella mycetomatis einmal isoliert, in sieben Fallen konnte der Erreger nicht identifiziert werden. Die Geschlechts- und Altersverteilung entsprach den Literaturangaben. Die unteren Extremitaten waren die am haufigsten befallenen Bereiche. Das Durchschnittsalter der Aktinomyzetom-Patienten lag bei 33.2 Jahren, das der EumyzetomPatienten bei 32.8 Jahren. Die mittlere Dauer der Krankheit lag bei 6.8 Bzw. 9.8 Jahren. Die meisten Patienten kamen von landlichen Gegenden der Nordostregion des Landes, bei der Mehrzahl handelte es sich um Landarbeiter. Knochenbeteiligung war haufig und war charakterisiert durch Osteoporose, periostale Reaktionen und Kavitatenbildung. Die Autoren behandelten mit Sulfamethoxazol (800 mg) und Trimethoprim (100 mg) kombiniert mit Prednison (10 mg) taglich oral.

  • eumicetoma de graos pretos por Madurella grisea registro de dois casos
    Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo, 1992
    Co-Authors: Luís Antonio De Paula Machado, Carlos Da Silva Lacaz, Walter Belda, Maria Cecília Da Matta Rivitti, Alberto Salebian, Elisabeth Maria Heinsvaccari, Natalina Takahashi De Melo
    Abstract:

    Os Autores registram dois casos de eumicetoma de graos pretos, com localizacao podal, procedentes da Bahia, provocados por Madurella grisea Mackinnon et al., 1949. Sao estudadas a estrutura dos graos, bem como as caracteristicas micromorfologicas do fungo em vida saprofitica. Acreditam os Autores que estas observacoes correspondem ao setimo e oitavo casos registrados na literatura do pais, provocadas por este fungo. Os Autores consideram nomen dubium ou nomina confusa as seguintes especies de Madurella: M. ramiroi, M. oswaldoi, M. bovoi, M. tozeuri, M. mansonii, M. brumpti, M. reynieri, M. americana, M. lackawanna e M. ikedae, o mesmo ocorrendo com a chamada RubroMadurella mycetomi. As unicas especies validas sao Madurella mycetomatis McGinnis, 1980 (=Madurella mycetomi Brumpt, 1905) e Madurella grisea Mackinnon et al., 1949. Nos dois casos registrados o tratamento com itraconazol, por um periodo de 3 meses nao fez regredir as lesoes, havendo ligeira melhora clinica.

  • Eumicetoma de grãos pretos por Madurella grisea: registro de dois casos Eumycotic mycetoma of black grains caused by Madurella grisea: report of two cases
    Universidade de São Paulo, 1992
    Co-Authors: Luís Antonio De Paula Machado, Carlos Da Silva Lacaz, Walter Belda, Maria Cecília Da Matta Rivitti, Alberto Salebian, Elisabeth Maria Heins-vaccari, Natalina Takahashi De Melo
    Abstract:

    Os Autores registram dois casos de eumicetoma de grãos pretos, com localização podal, procedentes da Bahia, provocados por Madurella grisea Mackinnon et al., 1949. São estudadas a estrutura dos grãos, bem como as características micromorfológicas do fungo em vida saprofítica. Acreditam os Autores que estas observações correspondem ao sétimo e oitavo casos registrados na literatura do país, provocadas por este fungo. Os Autores consideram nomen dubium ou nomina confusa as seguintes espécies de Madurella: M. ramiroi, M. oswaldoi, M. bovoi, M. tozeuri, M. mansonii, M. brumpti, M. reynieri, M. americana, M. lackawanna e M. ikedae, o mesmo ocorrendo com a chamada RubroMadurella mycetomi. As únicas espécies válidas são Madurella mycetomatis McGinnis, 1980 (=Madurella mycetomi Brumpt, 1905) e Madurella grisea Mackinnon et al., 1949. Nos dois casos registrados o tratamento com itraconazol, por um período de 3 meses não fez regredir as lesões, havendo ligeira melhora clínica.Two cases of black grains eumycotic mycetoma, occurring on a foot, are reported. Both proceeded from the State of Bahia (Brazil), and in both the etiologic agent was Madurella grisea Mackinnon et al., 1949. The grains structure as well as the micromorphologic characteristics of the fungus in saprophytic life were studied. It is the Author's belief that these observations correspond to the 7th and 8th cases reported in the Brazilian medical literature. The Authors do consider the following Madurella species as nomen dubium or nomina confusa: M. ramiroi, M. oswaldoi, M. bovoi, M. tozeuri, M. mansonii, M. brumpti, M. reynieri, M. americana, M. lackawanna e M. ikedae and the same for RubroMadurella mycetomi. The only valid species must be Madurella mycetomatis McGinnis, 1980 (=Madurella mycetomi Brumpt, 1905) and Madurella grisea Mackinnon et al., 1949. Treatment with itraconazole in both reported cases, for a 3 month duration, did not produce any regression of the lesions, the clinical improvement being meager

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